共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
1.
2.
鸡源性沙门氏菌耐药基因检测与耐药相关性分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为研究沙门氏菌耐药基因与其耐药性之间的关系,本研究以K-B纸片法对临床分离的29株鸡源性沙门氏菌进行10种抗菌药物敏感性测定,应用PCR技术进行这些抗菌药物相关耐药基因检测.并通过质粒接合试验证明了耐药性及耐药基因的转移.结果显示:29株分离株对氨苄西林耐药率为31.0％,对头孢唑啉耐药率为10.3％,对四环素耐药率为44.8％,对复合磺胺耐药率为41.4％,对氯霉素耐药率为3.4％,对环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星的耐药率均为37.9％,但对庆大霉素和卡那霉素均敏感.本实验共检测到8种耐药基因,其中blatem-1阳性率为31.0％,tetA和tetB阳性率为44.8％,sull和sul2阳性率为41.3％,aadAl阳性率为3.4％,dfrA1阳性率为10.3％,qnr阳性率为37.9％,而tetG、blaCMY-2和catI均未检出.此外,通过与非耐药菌接合后绝大部分接合子均获得了供体菌质粒编码的相应抗性表型,耐药基因在接合过程也发生了转移,赋予被接合细菌新的耐药性.以上结果表明沙门氏菌的耐药性与其相关耐药基因的检出率基本一致,而且耐药性通过质粒进行转移. 相似文献
3.
为探讨中药对河南省规模化养猪场致病性大肠杆菌(E.coli)耐药质粒消除的效果,本研究在对87个猪致病性E.coli分离株进行耐药质粒检测的基础上,将各分离株分别于含有不同浓度的石榴皮、黄芩、黄连等中药提取液的培养液中培养,进行耐药质粒消除试验;并采用影印培养法和纸片扩散法进行耐药性消除菌落筛选及其对抗菌药物敏感性恢复的检测.结果表明:各分离株均含有2个～8个质粒,大小约为1.0 kb～87.0 kb;经石榴皮、黄芩、黄连作用后,各分离株均可以获得数量不等的耐药性消除菌落,消除率为0.34％～16.2％,以黄连的平均消除率最高,为9.33％;在耐药性消除的各分离株中,有25个分离株未发生质粒消除,其余均消除了1条～3条质粒,并且对7种抗菌药物的平均敏感率由消除前的5.39％分别提高至60.4％、75.2％和76.5％.表明石榴皮、黄芩、黄连对猪致病性E.coli具有质粒消除和耐药性逆转作用,其中黄连作用效果最好. 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
7.
为调查太原市周边地区鸡源大肠杆菌(E.coli)的流行情况,本研究从规模化养鸡场采集患腹泻病鸡的粪便样品进行E.coli分离、血清型鉴定及耐药性检测,通过接合试验检测质粒在抗生素抗性水平转移中的作用.结果表明:分离到81株E.coli属于15种不同血清型,其中28株属于5种优势血清型,即O1、O8、O78、O84和O143;所有分离菌株对13种抗菌药物均有不同程度的耐药性,其中qnrA、tetM、tetA、sul2、strA、aadA、floR为检测到的主要耐药基因;分离菌株质粒携带的7种耐药基因可通过接合作用转移.该研究结果证明E.coli对常用抗生素的耐药已普遍存在,其携带的耐药基因可通过接合作用在细菌之间传递. 相似文献
8.
鸡致病性大肠杆菌生物学特性的相关性研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
对来源于河南省新郑地区的14株鸡致病性大肠杆菌进行了致病性试验、血清型鉴定、耐药性试验和质粒图谱检测,并对其相互关系进行了分析研究,结果表明:菌株的血清型与其致病性、耐药性、质粒图谱均无一定的相关性;菌株的致病性与其耐药性、质粒图谱有一定的关系,耐药种类越多的菌株其致病性越强,质粒图谱中含有相对分子量较大的质粒条带的菌株其致病性较强;并且耐药图谱的复杂性与其质粒图谱中的条带数无一定的相关性. 相似文献
9.
李金清 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2011,41(3):7-9
对本地临床分离的20株致病性大肠杆菌进行耐药性检测和质粒检测。耐药性检测结果显示,受检20株致病性大肠杆菌对临床常用5种抗菌药物均表现为耐药,大肠杆菌耐药程度及多重耐药现象较为严重。质粒图谱分析结果表明,在大肠杆菌耐药性菌株中,尤其是耐药程度较高且呈多重耐药的菌株中,耐药质粒的检出率较高。实验结果提示:致病性大肠杆菌耐药性与其耐药质粒存在密切相关。 相似文献
10.
11.
抗菌药仍是治疗病原菌引起的奶牛疾病的常用方法。抗菌药的不合理使用使得细菌产生耐药性已成为全球性的问题,应引起人们的足够重视。奶牛的主要病原菌金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌、大肠杆菌等也显现出多重耐药的趋势,给奶牛疾病的临床治疗带来困难,同时也威胁人类健康。细菌产生耐药性的速度远超过人们研发抗菌药的速度,因此,保持现有抗菌药的疗效很有必要。一方面应该掌握细菌的耐药机制,如细菌分子耐药机制、抗菌药物外排机制或降低摄入机制、生物膜等,以便找到合适的治疗方法;另一方面采用不同措施减少耐药细菌的出现,如质粒消除、抗菌药替代品、开发高效安全的抗菌药物、临床合理用药（联合治疗）等。作者对奶牛主要病原菌的耐药情况、耐药机制、耐药控制技术进行综述,以期为减少耐药性、规范抗菌药的使用和提高治疗效果提供参考。 相似文献
12.
At present, the usual and effective method of treating the cow disease caused by pathogens is still antimicrobials. The irrational use of antimicrobials makes bacteria produce resistance, and has become a global problem. The main pathogens of dairy cows include Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, Escherichia coli and so on, which show a trend of multiple drug resistance. It not only brings great challenges for the clinical treatment of dairy cow, but also gives a threat to human health. Antimicrobial resistance is far more than the speed of people developing antimicrobials. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the efficacy of existing antimicrobials for treating infections. On the one hand, we should master the bacterial resistance mechanism, such as bacterial molecular resistance mechanism, antibiotic efflux mechanism or reducing the intake mechanism, biofilm, so as to help us find the adequate therapeutics; On the other hand, taking different measures to reduce the emergence bacterial resistance, such as plasmid elimination, antibiotic substitutes, the development of efficient and safe antimicrobials, clinical rational drug (combined treatment) and so on. This article reviews dairy cow's main pathogen resistance, drug resistance mechanism, drug resistance control technology and make a prospect for this. It would provide reference for reducing the drug resistance, regulating the use of antimicrobials and improving the therapeutic effect. 相似文献
13.
14.
整合子-基因盒系统与细菌耐药性 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
整合子 基因盒系统在细菌中能捕获外来耐药基因,是细菌耐药性传播的机制之一。整合子携带着重组的基因盒插入到转座子或接合质粒中,在不同的细菌间运动而传播耐药性;同时一个整合子可以捕获多个基因盒,使细菌产生多重耐药性,细菌产生多重耐药性的能力取决于它们捕获新的抗生素耐药基因的能力。整合子是一种遗传因素,编码一个位点特异重组酶(IntI)负责基因盒在 attI位点的插入,同时整合子也提供一个启动子(Pant)负责基因盒耐药基因的表达。文章对整合子 基因盒的结构、种类、耐药基因盒的表达及耐药基因的获得和传播进行综述。 相似文献
15.
Importance of integrons in the diffusion of resistance. 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
A Carattoli 《Veterinary research》2001,32(3-4):243-259
Horizontal transfer of resistance genes is a successful mechanism for the transmission and dissemination of multiple drug resistance among bacterial pathogens. The impact of horizontally transmitted genetic determinants in the evolution of resistance is particularly evident when resistance genes are physically associated in clusters and transferred en bloc to the recipient cell. Recent advances in the molecular characterisation of antibiotic resistance mechanisms have highlighted the existence of genetic structures. called integrons, involved in the acquisition of resistance genes. These DNA elements have frequently been reported in multi-drug resistant strains isolated from animals and humans, and are located either on the bacterial chromosome or on broad-host-range plasmids. The role of integrons in the development of multiple resistance relies on their unique capacity to cluster and express drug resistance genes. Moreover, the spread of resistance genes among different replicons and their exchange between plasmid and bacterial chromosome are facilitated by the integration of integrons into transposable elements. The association of a highly efficient gene capture and expression system, together with the capacity for vertical and horizontal transmission of resistance genes represents a powerful weapon used by bacteria to combat the assault of antibiotics. 相似文献
16.
Lafrentz BR Welch TJ Shoemaker CA Drennan JD Klesius PH 《Journal of aquatic animal health》2011,23(4):195-199
Plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance was first discovered in Edwardsiella ictaluri in the early 1990s, and in 2007 an E. ictaluri isolate harboring an IncA/C plasmid was recovered from a moribund channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus infected with the bacterium. Due to the identification of multidrug resistance plasmids in aquaculture and their potential clinical importance, we sought to determine whether the modified live E. ictaluri vaccine strain in AQUAVAC-ESC harbors such plasmids, so that the use of this vaccine will not directly contribute to the pool of bacteria carrying plasmid-borne resistance. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing of the E. ictaluri parent isolate and vaccine strain demonstrated that both were sensitive to 15 of the 16 antimicrobials tested. Total DNA from each isolate was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a set of 13 primer pairs specific for conserved regions of the IncA/C plasmid backbone, and no specific products were obtained. PCR-based replicon typing of the parent isolate and vaccine strain demonstrated the absence of the 18 commonly occurring plasmid incompatibility groups. These results demonstrate that the vaccine strain does not carry resistance to commonly used antimicrobials and provide strong support for the absence of IncA/C and other commonly occurring plasmid incompatibility groups. Therefore, its use should not directly contribute to the pool of bacteria carrying plasmid-borne resistance. This work highlights the importance of thoroughly investigating potential vaccine strains for the presence of plasmids or other transmissible elements that may encode resistance to antibiotics. 相似文献
17.
对江西省樟树市某鸭养殖场送检的病死鸭进行病理剖检,通过细菌分离、生化鉴定得到1株致病性大肠杆菌。药敏试验结果表明,该菌株对头孢拉定、头孢唑啉、头孢曲松和阿莫西林等β-内酰胺类抗生素产生了严重的耐药。通过质粒提取和接合转移试验对分离菌株进行耐药性分析;提取得到一10 kb左右的质粒;质粒接合转移试验表明,成功将该质粒转化入感受态E.coli JM109,并能使E.coli JM109获得对β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药且与分离菌株的耐药谱一致。推测该菌株产β-内酰胺酶的基因存在于质粒,并且该耐药基因能随质粒的转移转化入敏感菌E.coli JM109。 相似文献
18.
The complete nucleotide sequences of two plasmids from avian isolates of Pasteurella multocida that caused outbreaks of fowl cholera in Taiwan were determined. The entire sequences of the two plasmids, designated as pJR1 and pJR2, were 6792 bp and 5252 bp. Sequence analysis showed that the plasmid pJR1 contained six major genes: the first gene (sulII) encoded a type II sulfonamide resistant dihydropteroate synthase, the second gene (tetG) encoded a tetracycline resistance protein, the third gene (catB2) encoded a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, the fourth gene (rep) encoded a replication protein, and the fifth and sixth genes (mbeCy and deltambeAy) encoded proteins involved in the mobilization of plasmid. The plasmid pJR2 contained five major genes: the first gene (deltaintI1) encoded a truncated form of a type I integrase, the second gene (aadA1) encoded an aminoglycoside adenylyltransferase that confers resistance to streptomycin and spectinomycin, the third gene (blaP1) encoded a beta-lactamase that confers resistance to ampicillin and carbenicillin, and the fourth and fifth genes might encode proteins involved in the plasmid replication or segregation. Sequence comparisons showed that the antibiotic resistance genes found in pJR1 and pJR2 exhibited a high degree of sequence homology to the corresponding genes found in a great variety of gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica Typhimurium DT104, Psedomonas spp., P. multocida, Mannheimia spp., and Actinobacills pleuropneumoniae, which suggests that these resistance genes were disseminated in these bacteria. Although sulII and tetG genes were found previously in P. multocida or Mannheimia spp., this is the first report on the presence of catB2, aadA1, and blaP1 genes in bacteria of the family Pasturellaceae. Moreover, the aadA1 and blaP1 genes found in pJR2 were organized into an integron structure, which is a site-specific recombination system capable of capturing and mobilizing antibiotic resistance genes. This is also the first report on the presence of an integron in bacteria of the family Pasteurellaceae. The presence of a P. multocida integron might facilitate the spreading of antibiotic resistance genes between P. multocida and other gram-negative bacteria. 相似文献
19.
20.
鸡源大肠杆菌强毒株耐药基因的定位及耐药质粒消除 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本试验对临床分离的多重耐药鸡源致病性大肠杆菌强毒株的耐药基因进行初步定位,为临床选择合适的治疗策略提供理论依据。从送检病死鸡的肝脏、心脏中分离鉴定致病菌,质粒提取试剂盒提取分离菌的耐药质粒,转化入基因工程菌JM109,通过质粒纯化、电泳和药敏试验对耐药基因进行了初步定位。并用艾叶水煮液对该菌株进行体外耐药质粒消除试验。结果分离鉴定到1株强毒力鸡源大肠杆菌,该菌呈多重耐药性,且仅对氟奇霉素和链霉素敏感;由质粒转化和药敏试验结果可初步将耐环丙沙星、青霉素、氧氟沙星、氟哌酸、林可霉素和复方新诺明的基因定位于耐药质粒上,并可随质粒的转移而使转化菌获得耐药性;用艾叶水煮液可使该菌的耐药质粒消除率达60%;质粒消除菌的药敏试验结果表明,消除耐药质粒的细菌恢复了对环丙沙星、青霉素、氧氟沙星、氟哌酸、林可霉素和复方新诺明的敏感性。本研究结果表明,分离菌的耐药基因分别位于质粒和染色体上,艾叶对耐药质粒有较强的消除作用,可作为临床治疗用药。 相似文献