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1.
热应激对鸡新城疫疫苗免疫效果的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验利用伊莎蛋雏鸡，分别接种新城疫油乳剂灭活苗和Ｎ－７９弱毒苗，油乳剂灭活苗免疫的各试验组抗体滴度稍有下降，与对照组间无明显的差异，Ｎ－７９弱毒苗免疫的各试验组，高温处理２４小时的雏鸡，抗体滴度稍低于对照缚，但无明显差异，而高温处理４８小时的各组，抗体滴度均为显著低于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。 相似文献
2.
热应激对鸡免疫功能影响的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在不同热应激处理下分别用新城疫油乳剂灭活苗和Ｎ－７９弱毒苗免疫伊莎蛋用雏鸡，各试验组抗体效价和淋巴细胞转化率均有不同程度下降，高温处理２４ｈ的雏鸡，无论用油乳剂灭活苗还是用Ｎ－７９弱毒苗免疫，与对照组间无明显差异，高温处理４８ｈ的油乳剂灭活苗免疫组鸡，在免疫初期（免疫后８ｄ）抗体效价和淋巴细胞转化率均下降（Ｐ〈０．０５），以后逐渐上升，与对照组间无明业差异；而Ｎ－７９弱毒苗免疫鸡在整个试验期抗体效 相似文献
3.
对７日龄艾维茵雏鸡投服天然缓释免疫增强剂１丸,１０日龄时分别用ＩＢＤ、ＮＤ、ＩＢ弱毒疫苗及ＮＤ油乳剂灭活苗免疫;免疫后７、１５、２５、３５一５５ｄ定期检测抗体效价;弱毒苗免疫后３５ｄ、灭活苗免疫后５５ｄ分别用强毒攻击。结果各试验组抗体效价显著高于对照组,试验组攻毒保护率提高１６．７￣３３．３个百分点。表明该缓释免疫增强剂能显著增强雏鸡的免疫应答,提高疫苗的免疫效力。 相似文献
4.
鸡传染性法氏囊疫苗毒对禽脑脊髓炎油乳剂灭活苗免疫效果的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
21日龄SPF鸡接种法氏囊中等弱毒疫苗A株后,用禽脑脊髓炎油乳剂灭活苗进行免疫,观察法氏囊疫苗毒对禽脑脊髓炎油乳剂灭活苗免疫效果的影响,用ELISA检测禽脑脊髓炎病毒抗体滴度,结果表明试验组血清抗体水平明显下降,其阳性率与对照组比较存在显著差异,说明法氏囊中等弱毒疫苗A株能造成机体免疫抑制,引起禽脑脊髓炎抗体水平下降。 相似文献
5.
本试验选用１日龄ＩＢＤ母源抗体参差不齐的伊莎褐壳蛋雏鸡和ＩＢＤ母源抗体水平基本一致的迪卡蛋雏鸡，用ＩＢＤＶ标准Ｉ型弱毒疫苗Ｄ－７８和油乳剂灭活苗进行免疫程序筛选试验。结果表明：１．雏鸡母源抗体参差不齐情况下，３日龄用ＩＢＤ弱毒苗首免，１７日龄用油乳剂灭活苗二免为优良免疫程序。２．雏鸡母源抗体水平基本一致情况下，１４日龄用ＩＢＤ弱毒首免，２４日龄用油乳剂苗二免为优良免疫程序。 相似文献
6.
中药免疫增强剂提高鸡免疫功能的研究 总被引：33，自引：5，他引：28
以鸡传染性腔上囊病和新城疫为模型研究自拟中药免疫增强剂对ＩＢＤ弱毒苗和油乳剂灭活苗,ＮＤ油乳剂灭活苗的免疫增强效果;用间接ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定鸡血清ＩＢＤＶ抗体效价,以微量血细胞凝集抑制试验测定血清ＮＤ血细胞凝集抑制抗体效价。结果表明,补益方１与ＩＢＤ弱毒苗和油乳剂灭活苗配合使用,血清ＩＢＤＶ抗体Ｐ／Ｎ值在测定期内都高于免疫对照组;补益方１和补益方对ＮＤ油乳剂灭活苗均有一定的免疫增强效果,其中补益２的 相似文献
7.
将１１４只１１日龄海赛克斯褐公鸡随机分成５组：Ⅰ组为空白对照，Ⅱ组用新城疫（ＮＤ）弱毒苗和ＮＤ油佐剂灭活苗同时免疫，Ⅲ组用传染性法氏囊病（ＩＢＤ）地方毒株油佐剂灭活苗免疫，Ⅳ组用ＮＤ弱毒苗、ＮＤ油佐剂灭活苗、ＩＢＤ地方毒株油佐剂灭活苗同时免疫，Ⅴ组在Ⅳ组的基础上增加ＩＢＤ弱毒苗免疫。５组鸡分别隔离饲养，定期测定血清ＮＤＨＩ效价与ＩＢＤ琼扩效价。选择时机用强毒攻击，观察各组鸡的保护情况。结果：（１）Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组鸡均能很好地抵抗ＮＤＶ强毒的攻击，Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组鸡无论对ＩＢＤＶ人工感染，还是自然感染，均有坚强的保护力；（２）ＩＢＤ地方毒株油佐剂灭活疫苗不干扰ＮＤ疫苗的免疫应答；（３）ＩＢＤ弱毒苗对ＮＤ疫苗的免疫应答有一定影响，在免疫初期能促进机体尽快对ＮＤ疫苗产生应答，但后期ＮＤ疫苗的ＨＩ抗体降低较快；（４）ＮＤ疫苗对ＩＢＤ疫苗的免疫效果无显著影响。作者提出，对雏鸡首免（无论有、无母源抗体）可采用ＮＤ弱毒苗＋ＮＤ油佐剂灭活苗＋ＩＢＤ（地方毒株）油佐剂灭活苗同时进行免疫，至少可以保护到上笼后或开产前免受ＮＤＶ和ＩＢＤＶ的感染，既简化了免疫程序，又可减少对鸡群的应激，值得推广应用。 相似文献
8.
新城疫与禽流感(H9亚型)二联油乳剂灭活苗免疫效力试验 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
用新城疫病毒（NDV）LaSota株与禽流感病毒（AIV）F株尿囊腔接种非免疫难胚，取72－120小时死亡鸡胚液。灭活后分别制成新城疫油乳剂灭活苗、禽流感（H9亚型）油乳剂灭活苗、新城疫与禽流感（H9亚型）二联油乳剂灭活苗，免疫7日龄非免疫雏鸡，一周后开始检测ND、AI血凝抑制（HI）抗体体，两周时各免疫组鸡的抗体效价都达到6log2以上，3周达到高峰，后维持在较高水平达45天以上，在65日龄进行攻毒，结果单苗和二联苗免疫鸡全部得到保护。 相似文献
9.
对应用当地分离病毒株研制的鸡产蛋下降综合症系列油乳剂灭活苗进行了免疫试验。结果表明,免疫后,鸡产蛋下降综合症（ＥＤＳ７６）油乳剂灭活苗、鸡新城疫（ＮＤ）－产蛋下降综合症二联油乳剂灭活苗及鸡新城疫－鸡传染性支气管炎（ＩＢ）－产蛋下降综合症三联油乳剂灭活苗免疫组的血清ＥＤＳ７６ＨＩ抗体迅速上升,维持４个月后仍在６．８－８（ｌｏｇ２）以上,并且能够抵抗强毒的攻击。证明所研制的ＥＤＳ７６油苗、ＮＤ－ＥＤＳ７６二联油苗、ＮＤ－ＩＢ－ＥＤＳ７６三联油苗对ＥＤＳ７６具有良好的免疫作用,能够抵抗ＥＤＳ７６强毒的攻击并产生高而持久的血清ＨＩ抗体。此外,对ＮＤ－ＥＤＳ７６二联苗、ＮＤ－ＩＢ－ＥＤＳ７６三联苗免疫组的血清ＮＤＨＩ抗体测定结果表明,上述二联苗、三联苗能产生与接种ＮＤ油苗一样良好的ＮＤ免疫效果,在免疫后１３０天时,其血清ＨＩ抗体仍高达９－１１（ｌｏｇ２）以上,与对照组有极显著的差异 相似文献
10.
对鸡囊病卵黄抗体与雏鸡首次免疫效果的关系进行了研究。结果表明，种蛋中黄抗体水平无论高低，其孵化出的雏鸡首次接种弱毒疫苗后免疫效果均不佳，既测不到琼扩扩体，也抵不住强毒攻击，若接种２次弱毒疫苗，则有半数以上的鸡出现可测性抗体。尽管抗体的琼扩效价较低，但有７０％以上的鸡可抵抗强毒攻击；只接种弱毒疫苗的雏鸡，其卵黄抗体水平与免疫效果呈负相关。首次免疫若采用灭活油乳剂苗和弱毒苗同时接种；则免疫后既可测到琼 相似文献
11.
12.
热应激对鸡免疫应答的影响 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8
用ＩＳＡ蛋雏研究２７～３８℃昼夜节律高温对新城疫（ＮＤ）疫苗和传染性法氏囊病（ＩＢＤ）疫苗活苗免疫后体液免疫反应的影响，结果表明：ＮＤ苗或ＩＢＤ苗免疫后立即产生热应激，不论ＮＤ的ＨＩ抗体水平还是ＥＬＩＳＡ抗ＩＢＤ抗体滴度在整个实验过程中均受到显著抑制（Ｐ＜０．０５）；应激后立即免疫ＮＤ疫苗或ＩＢＤ疫苗的鸡，ＨＩ抗体水平在免疫后第５和１４天和ＥＬＩＳＡ抗体滴度在免疫后第９天和１６天与对照组相比显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）；应激后２４小时免疫，或免疫后２４小时至若干天遭受高温应激的鸡，抗ＮＤ和ＩＢＤ抗体水平分别在免疫后第１４天和１６天均受到显著抑制（Ｐ＜０．０５）。试验组免疫器官与体重之比与对照组间无显著性差异，但免疫器官的组织学结构都有明显的坏死和萎缩性变化 相似文献
13.
In order to evaluate the effect of in ovo vaccination on avian cryptosporidiosis, two doses (1 and 10microg) of Cryptosporidium baileyi oocyst extract (OE) were injected into the amnionic sac of embryonated, specific pathogen-free chicken eggs. After hatching these birds as well as infected controls (IC) were inoculated with 8x10(5) C. baileyi oocysts at 10 days of age. Another group of chickens remained uninfected (UC). Faecal oocyst shedding was measured every second day, and weekly ELISAs were performed to monitor seroconversion. Those chickens that received OE during embryogenesis showed dose-dependent shift in their oocyst shedding, with higher oocyst output of OE1 and OE10 birds compared to IC ones. The patency was significantly longer in the OE10 group than in IC or OE1. ELISA results showed low seroconversion of OE1 and OE10 chickens prior to homologous challenge. Challenge infection resulted in antibody levels without significant difference between IC, OE1 and OE10 groups. These data suggest that in ovo vaccination with C. baileyi oocyst extract does not promote immune response, moreover, it may impair immunity and thus delay the clearance of cryptosporidia from chickens. 相似文献
14.
重组禽流感灭活苗和禽流感灭活苗对鸡免疫效果的观察 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
用重组禽流感灭活苗接种10日龄、14日龄和21日龄的SPF鸡,接种后HI抗体效价无显著差异。将H5N1和H5N2疫苗分别接种21日龄SPF鸡,结果表明,H5N1和H5N2均能刺激SPF鸡产生较高的HI抗体;分别接种三黄鸡,接种后21 d,H5N1能刺激三黄鸡产生较高的HI抗体;而H5N2不能刺激三黄鸡产生合格的HI抗体,与SPF鸡免疫组相比差异显著。经过二次接种,HI抗体平均为8.9 log2,与SPF鸡组接种后42 d的各组相比差异不显著,而与一免后21 d的各组HI抗体效价相比差异显著。表明应用禽流感灭活苗对三黄鸡免疫接种,必须进行二免方可达到理想免疫效果,而应用重组禽流感灭活苗对三黄鸡进行免疫接种,一次免疫即可获得较高的HI抗体效价。 相似文献
15.
H5亚型禽流感疫苗对特禽及水禽的免疫效果观察 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
用H5N2亚型禽流感疫苗,分别免疫SPF鸡、乌鸡、珍珠鸡、贵妃鸡、火鸡、鸭及鹅,免疫后采血测定其HI抗体,观察我国现有的H5N2亚型禽流感疫苗对特禽及水禽的免疫效力.结果,免疫后3周,SPF鸡、乌鸡、珍珠鸡、贵妃鸡、火鸡、鸭及鹅的平均HI抗体滴度分别为2 7.2、2 7.6、2 4.3、2 4.83、2 4.6、2 6.2及2 5.3,乌鸡两次免疫,其中一次HI抗体为2 9.65.试验证明,SPF鸡、特禽及水禽用H5N2亚型禽流感疫苗免疫后,均能产生一定水平的HI抗体,但不同种类的家禽所产生的HI抗体滴度存在较大差异,以SPF鸡及乌鸡所产生的HI抗体滴度最高,而珍珠鸡、贵妃鸡及火鸡所产生的HI抗体滴度较低,水禽对H5N2亚型禽流感疫苗可产生一定水平的HI抗体. 相似文献
16.
间接ELISA,HI及AGP检测鸡血清中抗AIV抗体的敏感性比较 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
用鸭源Ａ型流感病毒Ｈ９Ｎ？滴鼻、点眼辅以腹腔注射,人工感染３周龄ＳＰＦ来航鸡,分别用ＡＧＰ、ＨＩ试验及间接ＥＬＩＳＡ定期测定其抗ＡＩＶ血清效价。结果,ＨＩ试验及间接ＥＬＩＳＡ于攻毒后第７～７９天显示阳性;ＡＧＰ试验从第１３～７９天呈阳性。根据首次检出血清中抗ＡＩＶ抗体的时间,间接ＥＬＩＳＡ比ＡＧＰ、ＨＩ更灵敏、快速。 相似文献
17.
Six congenic lines of chickens that differ from the parental inbred line RPRL-15I5 for genes in the major histocompatibility (B) complex were used to study the influence of the B haplotypes on the response of chickens to infection with virulent infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) at 1 day or 4 weeks of age, and on the antibody response to vaccination with live or inactivated oil-emulsion (OE) IBDV vaccines at 7 weeks of age. IBDV-induced immunodepression and lesions in the bursa, spleen, and thymus in chickens infected with virus at 1 day of age were of the same degree of severity, regardless of line of chickens used. The response of blood cells to the mitogens phytohemagglutinin-M and concanavalin A was elevated in chickens infected with IBDV at 1 day of age. In an experiment conducted to study the effect of the B haplotype on IBDV infection in 4-week-old chickens, B congenic line C-12 (B12B12) showed the highest susceptibility to clinical IBD, with mortality of 79%. No detectable difference in the serological response to vaccination with live or OE IBDV vaccines was noted among chickens of various congenic lines. We conclude that the B haplotypes may influence IBDV-induced mortality, but not immunodepression or severity of lesions in lymphoid organs, or the antibody response to live or OE IBDV vaccines. 相似文献
18.
In general, avian influenza (AI) vaccines protect chickens from morbidity and mortality and reduce, but do not completely prevent, replication of wild AI viruses in the respiratory and intestinal tracts of vaccinated chickens. Therefore, surveillance programs based on serological testing must be developed to differentiate vaccinated flocks infected with wild strains of AI virus from noninfected vaccinated flocks in order to evaluate the success of vaccination in a control program and allow continuation of national and international commerce of poultry and poultry products. In this study, chickens were immunized with a commercial recombinant fowlpox virus vaccine containing an H5 hemagglutinin gene from A/turkey/Ireland/83 (H5N8) avian influenza (AI) virus (rFP-H5) and evaluated for correlation of immunological response by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) or agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) tests and determination of protection following challenge with a high pathogenicity AI (HPAI) virus. In two different trials, chickens immunized with the rFP-H5 vaccine did not develop AGID antibodies because the vaccine lacks AI nucleoprotein and matrix genes, but 0%-100% had HI antibodies, depending on the AI virus strain used in the HI test, the HI antigen inactivation procedure, and whether the birds had been preimmunized against fowlpox virus. The most consistent and highest HI titers were observed when using A/turkey/Ireland/83 (H5N8) HPAI virus strain as the beta-propiolactone (BPL)-inactivated HI test antigen, which matched the hemagglutinin gene insert in the rFP-H5 vaccine. In addition, higher HI titers were observed if ether or a combination of ether and BPL-inactivated virus was used in place of the BPL-inactivated virus. The rFP-H5 vaccinated chickens survived HPAI challenge and antibodies were detected by both AGID and HI tests. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the rFP-H5 vaccine allowed easy serological differentiation of infected from noninfected birds in vaccinated populations of chickens when using standard AGID and HI tests. 相似文献
19.
H D Stone 《Avian diseases》1988,32(1):68-73
Preparations of inactivated Newcastle disease (ND) and avian influenza (AI) oil-emulsion vaccines with surfactant hydrophile-lipophile-balance (HLB) values between 4.3 and 9.5 were evaluated for their efficacy in broiler-type white rock chickens. Chickens were vaccinated at 3-4 weeks of age and bled at 2-week intervals over 8 weeks. Post-vaccinal hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) geometric mean titers (reciprocals) ranged from 197 to 485 for ND vaccines and from 184 to 1040 for AI vaccines. Based on the HI response, an HLB value of 7.0 induced the greatest stimulation of antibody titers. Ten percent surfactant in the oil phase of the vaccines induced maximum titers at this HLB. The oil:aqueous ratios of the vaccines did not greatly influence the overall serologic response when the vaccines had an HLB of 7.0. These results indicate that manipulating surfactant HLB values of OE vaccine may maximize the HI response in broilers. 相似文献
20.
A lymphocyte transformation microassay was used to study cell mediated immunity (CMI) in chickens following primary and secondary vaccination with inactivated oil emulsion infectious bronchitis (IB) vaccine and subsequent challenge with Massachusetts-41 (M-41). Humoral immunity was monitored for comparison, using the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) microassay. Positive stimulation indices (2 to 2.7 after primary and 2 to 4.8 after secondary vaccination) were lower and HI titres were higher than those previously reported following primary and secondary vaccination with live IB vaccines. The highest HI titres appeared in birds which had received the inactivated vaccine as a secondary vaccination. Challenge of vaccinated and revaccinated birds resulted in strong HI and weak CMI secondary responses. There was no correlation between CMI and HI antibody production. Monitoring egg production and clinical signs showed that a high level of protection against challenge resulted from revaccination with an inactivated oil adjuvant vaccine. 相似文献