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1.
应用蝗虫微孢子虫饵剂混配卡死克毒饵的治蝗效果试验 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在内蒙古用微孢子虫饵剂混配卡死克毒饵制成复合型毒饵防治草原蝗虫试验，结果表明以微孢子虫饵剂与卡死克毒饵1∶1及1∶3（W／W）混配使用的两个处理区，毒饵撒施后12天，亚洲小车蝗虫口减退率分别达89．3％和91．4％，调查施饵后35天的防效仍可达80．2％和84．1％。蝗虫混合种群在防后25天对微孢子虫病感染率调查结果，1∶1与1∶3处理区的混合种群感染率分别为10％和11％。 相似文献
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青海草地应用NosemaLocustae灭蝗，隔代遗传及越年扩散传播性能很强，对蝗虫种群数量有极为理想的控制效果。在施药后二年、四年、六年、八年的防区测定表明，蝗虫虫口密度均在防治标准以下，防区外500米处≤4．55头／m2，1000米处≤5．40头／m2、2000米处≤10．07头／m2；N．L灭蝗面积在3333．3—13333．3hm2范围内，均可收到规模效益，对蝗虫有较高的感染率，防区外500米处为10—35％、1000米处为3—51％、2000米处为0—24．5％，且有施药年限越近、感染率越高的规律；N．L扩散距离和速率与防区气流活动强度、雨量、空气湿度呈正相关。在蝗虫高密度地区，N．L标准液7．5ml／hm2剂量与5％卡死克水悬液（IGR）75ml／hm2剂量按1：1隔带喷施，校正虫口减退率为75．01％，残虫感染率为89．67％；同一剂量，二者施用前混合后喷洒，校正虫口减退率为76．36％，残虫感染率为60％。同时N．L复合剂显示了对蝗蝻良好的滞育性能，秋末蝗虫残虫中尚有42—46％的蝗蝻因完不成发育阶段，丧失了生殖后代的能力。 相似文献
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2005年3月10日,贵州省贵阳市花溪区洛平村某农户带1头耕牛前来就诊。该牛长期舍饲,前一天饲喂了大量干草和米糠,耕了1天地。该牛磨牙,反刍紊乱,不食,有排粪姿势而无粪便排出;体温39.5℃,呼吸减弱,脉搏减少;触诊右侧第7～10肋间肩关节水平线上下有疼痛反应,感觉坚实;听诊前胃蠕动音极弱或消失;叩诊浊音区扩大。1治疗措施治疗采用中西医结合的方法。静脉注射5%～10%复方氯化钠溶液3000～4000毫升,每天1次,连续2～3天;用盐类泻剂和油类泻剂通泻:采用滑石100克,石蜡油或蓖麻油1000毫升,蜂蜜250毫升混合,一次灌服。连续用药2～3天即痊愈出院。2治… 相似文献
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本文报道了十九畏中官桂与赤石脂配伍使用对中药制剂安全性的影响。结果表明，官桂与赤石脂配伍使用没有增加“克瘟灵”的毒性，以“克瘟灵”治疗量的１００倍量给小白鼠灌胃和腹腔注射未引起死亡；ＬＤ５０＞２０ｇ／ｋｇ，２４ｈ累积耐受２０～４０ｇ／ｋｇ；超大剂量致死小白鼠数量及其病理变化在畏药组和非畏药组之间无显著差异，表明配以畏药官桂与赤石脂的纯中药制剂“克瘟灵”是安全的。 相似文献
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猪溶血性链球菌“斗门”野毒株用高温诱变法,于1978年5月育成了一株毒力弱而稳定、免疫原性良好的猪链球菌 ST171弱毒菌种。由本菌种制成的冻干苗,用免疫剂量0.12～0.24亿活菌肌注仔猪16头,用0.36～0.48亿活菌灌服仔猪16头,14天后连同对照猪攻击广西株、安徽株和四川株强毒,试验组全部保护,肌注对照组6头全死;灌服对照组3头,生存1头。免疫保护率100%。用26～131万活菌肌注仔猪20头,攻皖、桂、川强毒同上,试验组生存18头,对照组13头,生存1头,免疫保护率为89.2%。毒力试验用129～1050亿活菌肌注或皮下注射仔猪54头,另灌服1575亿活菌3头,观察14～21天,全部健活。除少数暂短微热或减食,肌注组部分跛行外,均无其他不正常反应。1978～1980年间,在广东省28个县(市)内疫区试用,共接种猪101万多头(冻干苗占648,523头),用苗一周左右疫情停止,效果良好。据756,476头区域试验猪的统计,反应率平均为0.375%,死亡率平均为0.000397%。本报告对菌种的特性、冻干苗的制造、小动物检验和区域试验等作了简述。 相似文献
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1998年7～8月，时值我市遭受特大洪涝期间，本市国有奶牛场饲养的奶牛群发霉饲料中毒。全群62头奶牛中发病51头，死亡7头，发病率为82％，死亡率为11％。现将我们的诊断防制体会报告如下。1发病情况和症状1.11998年7月5日，1头头胎产犊2月泌乳牛发病不食，经场兽医治疗5天无效，于7月10日死亡。此后2～5天场内奶牛相继发病，并随之陆续死亡，大约每隔7天左右死亡1头，死牛时间持续到8月28日发病51头，死亡7头，其中泌乳牛6头，育成牛1头，犊牛无发病死亡。病死的6头泌乳牛均为产仔两月内的高产奶牛，发病前除1头体质较差外，其余5头体质健壮… 相似文献
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1发病情况及症状1．正发病情况1993年10月某猪场给89头6O日龄以后仔猪（20～4Okg）、不带仔母猪、公猪喂8％的土霉素碱药渣，在饲料中同时添加少量化十香味素（l（吨）饲料中加5009化十香味素）。8天以后仔猪突然死亡。其中膘肥体壮者更易死亡，而没有喂药渣仔猪无异常现象。怀疑土霉素碱药渣有毒物，立即停喂。3天内共死亡3］头仔猪，母猪无死亡之现象，但有2头母猪发生流产。喂8天药渣的ZI头猪死了17头，死亡率为80．l％（17／21），喂6X药渣的68头仔猪死了14头，死亡率为20．6％（14／68），耐过者，愈后良好。1．2症状最急性的突然死… 相似文献
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草原蝗虫开发利用的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
青海草原环湖及柴达木蝗区大部分地面平缓，宜于机械作业。蝗虫种群密度８０～１２０头／ｍ２者居多，面积为４０～５０万ｈｍ２，贮量小年为４８４０Ｔ，大年为６５６０Ｔ，开发前景广阔。蝗虫粉含粗蛋白７４．８８％，居我国目前优良饲料之首。经试验，作为饲料添加剂与５０％的进口鱼粉比较，京黄１号７日龄肉仔鸡饲喂４９天后成活率为８８．７１％，体重平均增长１０２０．２ｇ，二者差异不显著；星杂二八八６～８月龄蛋鸡饲喂后产蛋量提高１８．０８％，产蛋率提高７．９９％，完全可以代替鱼粉。新研制的捕蝗机捕蝗率为６５．０～７４．２％，生产率２．７４ｈｍ２／ｈ，单机捕幅４ｍ。以１９９３年的市场价格为准，机捕的经济效益为２８．６０元／ｈｍ２，且有突出的社会和生态效益。 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
15.
H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
17.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
18.
B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
19.
Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献