共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
2.
分别用三个乙醇浓度进行醇提水沉法渗漉,制备了千里光原液,然后用高浓度乙醇法（除去蛋白蛋）、醇溶液调PH值法（除去鞣质）以及乙醚脱色等步骤,除杂脱色,制备改良千里光注射液并进行了安全性检验、体外抑菌和体内抗感染试验,结果表明,使用78％的乙醇提取、制备的改良千里光注射液对肠炎沙门氏菌、大肠埃希氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血性链球菌均有明显的抑制作用,体内抗感染作用显著,而且具有很好的澄明度和安全性。 相似文献
3.
4.
用60％乙醇作溶剂制备千里先抗菌有效部位冻干粉（即千里光60％乙醇提取物）．分析其化学成分．并用改良寇氏法测定其对小鼠腹腔注射的急性半数致死量（LD50）。结果发现,千里光60％乙醇提取物合有生物碱、黄酮类化合物,但不含双稠吡咯啶生物碱;测得千里光60％乙醇提取物对小鼠腹腔注射的LD50为2206mg／kg,95％可信限为1867—2607mg／kg。表明千里光60％乙醇提取物属低毒性物质,并可保留千里光的有效成分生物碱和黄酮类化合物而排除其中的双稠吡略啶生物碱．进一步提高了千里光的安全性。 相似文献
5.
6.
分别用4种不同浓度的乙醇溶液,通过过滤和乙醚萃取,然后进行冷冻干燥,对千里光粉末进行提取,制备千里光不同乙醇提取物冻干膏,再分别配成一定浓度的生理盐水溶液。用琼脂平板打洞法和试管稀释法,从最小抑菌浓度和最小杀菌浓度等方面,研究了千里光不同浓度乙醇提取物生理盐水溶液对大肠杆菌K88、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC638、肺炎链球菌5种病原菌体外抑菌作用。结果表明,所制备的提取物水溶液对大肠杆菌K88、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、蜡样杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC638没有明显的抑菌作用;对肺炎链球菌抑菌作用很明显,其中以千里光70％乙醇提取物的抑菌效果最好。 相似文献
7.
千里光提取物的小鼠骨髓微核试验 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
制备了千里光70%乙醇提取物冻干粉,用昆明种雌雄性小鼠进行了该提取物的微核试验。结果发现,在雌性小鼠,中、高剂量的千里光70%乙醇提取物能够引起小鼠骨髓细胞微核发生率升高,而低剂量(130.9mg/kg)千里光70%乙醇提取物不能引起小鼠骨髓细胞微核发生率升高;在雄性小鼠,高剂量(1309.0mg/kg)千里光70%乙醇提取物能够引起小鼠骨髓细胞微核发生率升高,而低、中剂量的千里光70%乙醇提取物不能引起小鼠骨髓细胞微核发生率升高;而且小鼠骨髓细胞微核发生率与千里光70%乙醇提取物具有剂量依赖性。说明千里光70%乙醇提取物仅在较高剂量时能够对小白鼠产生致突变作用。 相似文献
8.
9.
《中国兽医杂志》2018,(11)
为将水煎法和乙醇回流法对醋五味子等15种中药进行提取,通过琼脂打洞法比较体外抑菌效果研究。试验选用15种中药(醋五味子、千里光、石榴皮、地榆、石菖蒲、吴茱萸、秦皮、姜厚朴、白头翁、升麻、忍冬花、马齿苋、葛根、大青叶、鱼腥草),分别采用水煎法和乙醇回流法提取制备出生药浓度为1 g/mL,以琼脂打洞法测定不同中药对大肠杆菌的抑制作用。结果表明,水煎法除地榆、千里光、忍冬花、石榴皮、醋五味子提取物对大肠杆菌有抑制作用外,其余中药对大肠杆菌均表现为不敏感,所测得平均抑菌圈大小分别为7.33 mm、10.67 mm、8.83 mm、6.5 mm、16.17 mm;乙醇回流提取法中醋五味子、石榴皮、大青叶和千里光对大肠杆菌有抑制作用,所测得的平均抑菌圈直径分别为24.33 mm、11.67 mm、8.33 mm和6.67 mm,其余中药提取物对大肠杆菌表现为不敏感。说明同一种中药分别通过水煎法和乙醇回流提取对大肠杆菌的抑菌效果不同,15种不同中药通过同一种方法提取对大肠杆菌抑菌程度不同,选用中药最优的提取方法和提取工艺来全面有效地发挥中药的抑菌活性。 相似文献
10.
笔者将千里光、穿心莲等6种中药,按照中草药注射剂制备法制成“六抗素”注射液。通过临床试验,证明此注射液对畜禽细菌性疾病、疑似猪瘟、鸡痘等病均有良好的治疗作用,并能促进猪的生长发育。其疗效可靠,值得推广。 相似文献
11.
壳聚糖对5种细菌体外的抑制试验 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
为开发利用壳聚糖,选择两种不同性质壳聚糖进行体外抑菌试验。将白色壳聚糖(Ⅰ组)和褐色壳聚糖(Ⅱ组)的乙酸溶液、褐色壳聚糖水溶液(Ⅲ组)用无菌蒸馏水分别稀释至10,5,2.5,1.25 g/L和0.625 g/L,用相应稀释度乙酸溶液(Ⅳ组)作对照组。对大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、绿脓杆菌、鸡伤寒沙门菌进行体外抑菌试验。结果表明,在体外,壳聚糖对上述5种细菌的生长均有不同程度的抑制作用,不同性质的壳聚糖和同一性质不同浓度的壳聚糖抑菌效果不同。 相似文献
12.
中药对鸡致病性大肠埃希菌的体外抑菌试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究25种中药对秦皇岛地区鸡致病性大肠埃希菌(Escherichia coli)地方流行株QH1(O78)、QH2(O89)、QH4(O1)的体外抑菌效果,以E.coli标准株ATCC25922作为质控菌株。利用水提法制备中药药液,使终浓度为1g/mL;用平板琼脂打孔法和改良微量二倍稀释-平板法分别测定25种中药的抑菌圈直径和最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。结果表明,金银花、黄连、乌梅、五味子4种中药对鸡致病性E.coli地方株极度敏感,抑菌圈直径在20.3mm~22.7mm之间,其MIC在15.65mg/mL~31.25mg/mL之间;其他药物对鸡致病性E.coli地方株有不同程度的敏感性,为鸡致病性E.coli地方株中药防治提供理论基础。 相似文献
13.
van der Woerdt A Adamcak A 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2000,216(10):1576-1577
OBJECTIVE: To compare in vitro and in vivo absorptive capacities of modified Schirmer tear test strips with those of original strips, and to establish reference values for use with the modified strips. DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: 100 dogs. PROCEDURE: In vitro absorptive capacity was determined by immersing strips in an irrigating solution for 15 seconds and recording amount of wetting. In vivo absorptive capacity was determined by placing an original Schirmer tear test strip in 1 eye and a modified strip in the other eye of 50 dogs with normal or abnormal tear production. Time required to wet 10 mm of each strip was recorded. Measurements were repeated 30 minutes later after reversing which strip was placed in the left or right eye. Reference values (mean +/- SD) were determined by recording the time required to wet 10 mm of the modified strip in 50 healthy dogs. RESULTS: Amount of wetting was significantly less and time required to wet 10 mm was significantly greater for the modified strip, compared with the original strip. Reference values determined for the modified strip were 32 +/- 11 seconds in the right eye, 33 +/- 11 seconds in the left eye, and 32 +/- 10 seconds in both eyes. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Absorptive capacities of the original and modified Schirmer tear test strips were significantly different. Reference values determined for 1 strip should not be used for the other strip. 相似文献
14.
Sallovitz JM Nejamkin P Lifschitz AL Virkel GL Imperiale FA Lanusse CE 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2012,35(2):184-192
Topical formulations have achieved worldwide acceptance in veterinary medicine because their administration is an easy, less labor-intensive and nonstressing form. Any chemical compound that comes in contact with the skin has the potential to be locally and/or systemically absorbed. However, many factors related to the features of animal skin, composition of the topical formulation and to the drug itself can determine marked differences in the percutaneous absorption process. The aim of the current work was to characterize the pattern of in vitro percutaneous absorption for moxidectin (MXD) and doramectin (DRM), two of the most worldwide used topical macrocyclic lactone antiparasitic compounds in cattle. The work included the development of a simple and inexpensive in vitro assay useful to predict in vivo drug percutaneous absorption in cattle. Both drugs were administered as the commercial formulations intended for their topical administration to cattle. The in vitro studies were carried out using modified Franz-type vertical diffusion cells. Cattle skin slices of 500 μm thickness were prepared using a dermatome to separate the stratum corneum and upper epidermis from dermis and subcutaneous tissue. The receptor medium was sampled up to 72 h postadministration and drug concentrations were measured by HPLC. The parameters used to estimate the comparative in vitro skin permeation showed marked differences between DRM and MXD. A 5.29-fold longer lag time (T(lag)) was observed for DRM. Similarly, the flux (J) (2.93-fold) and the permeation coefficients (K(p) ) (2.95-fold) in cattle skin were significantly higher (P < 0.05) for DRM compared to those obtained for MXD. Additionally, the data obtained from the in vitro permeation studies was correlated with the plasma concentrations of both compounds achieved in vivo in cattle treated with the same topical formulations. Correlation coefficients between percentage of drug permeated in vitro vs. percentage of drug absorbed in vivo (up to 48 h post-treatment) were 0.856-0.887 (MXD) and 0.976-0.990 (DRM). However, the highest in vitro-in vivo correlations for both molecules were observed up to 24 h post-treatment A rapid screening method for testing different topical formulations can be achieved with the simple in vitro cattle skin permeation technique described here, which has been successfully adapted to test the comparative percutaneous absorption of MXD and DRM. 相似文献
15.
U. Darvelid H. Gustafsson M. Shamsuddin B. Larsson H. Rodriguez Martinez 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1994,35(4):417
The capacity of different vitrification media and methods was tested onto in vivo and in vitro produced bovine morula/blastocysts and their ultrastructure and survival studied post-thawing. Two vitrification solutions were finally selected, named 40 ES (40% ethylene glycol in PBS containing 0.5 M sucrose) and 35 EFS (composed of 35% (v/v) ethylene glycol in PBS containing 0.5 M/l sucrose and 30% (w/v) Ficoll 70). The straws were either precooled or not precooled in nitrogen vapour, plunged and stored in LN2 for 10–25 days, and then thawed in a 20° C waterbath. The content of the straws was rediluted in 1M sucrose solution in PBS and later cocultured with BOEC for 48 h. The overall survival rates for in vitro and in vivo embryos were 36% (12 of 33) and 20% (3 of 15) after 24 h and 21% (7 of 33) and 33% (5 of 15 ) after 48 h. The survival rates for precooled embryos were significantly higher than for not precooled (48% vs 13% after 24 h and 44% vs 4% after 48 h) when tested across vitrification media. The in vitro-produced embryos presented an ultrastructure similar to the pre-freeze state, irrespective of the vitrification media used. The in vivo developed embryos showed a rather modified post-thaw ultrastructure, with clear signs of osmotic changes at both the trophoblastic and embryonic cells. The results indicated that in vitro and in vivo developed bovine embryos can survive vitrification using ethylene glycol as a cryoprotectant. 相似文献
16.
Yu‐Tse Liu Fu‐Yuan Cheng Shiro Takeda Kung‐Ming Lai Liang‐Chuan Lin Ryoichi Sakata 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(2):271-279
This study assessed whether administering porcine brain hydrolysate (PBH) ameliorates the impairment of spatial cognition learning ability in amyloid β (Aβ)‐infused rats. PBH was prepared using organic solvents (i.e., acetone and ethanol). Enzyme hydrolysates were derived from these PBH and the sequence of the Aβ peptide for infusion was selected. The results indicated the PBH, in particular EP (porcine brain extract with ethanol and protease N), demonstrated the potentials to reduce damage of neurodegenerative disorders in vitro and in vivo. The principal findings of this study indicate that PBH has prolyl endopeptidase inhibitory activity in vitro. Moreover, administering EP to Aβ(1–40)‐infused rats significantly improves their performance on reference, spatial performance, and working memory tests during water maze tasks; concurrent proportional decreases are also observed in malondialdehyde levels, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and Aβ accumulation levels in brain tissues. The PBH was suggested to ameliorate learning deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease by inhibition of lipid peroxidation in the brain of Aβ infused rat. 相似文献
17.
木蝴蝶提取物制备及其抗菌抗炎活性的研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
本试验对木蝴蝶提取物的制备设计了6种提取方法,分别是水提取、微波提取、60%丙酮提取及95%、70%和45%乙醇提取,采用体外抑菌试验(药敏试验和最小抑菌浓度试验)来研究木蝴蝶的抗菌活性,进行了木蝴蝶急性毒性试验和最大耐受量试验,通过二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀试验来观察木蝴蝶的抗炎活性。结果表明,木蝴蝶的6种提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和鸡大肠杆菌都有抑菌效果,其中95%乙醇的提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和鸡大肠杆菌呈高度敏感。木蝴蝶水提取物对小鼠安全无毒,其毒性小,最大耐受量为150 g/kg体重。木蝴蝶水提取物使小鼠耳肿胀度降低,表现出较好的抗炎作用,同时木蝴蝶水提取物使小鼠胸腺指数和脾脏指数降低,表明其对小鼠免疫功能有一定的抑制作用。 相似文献
18.
19.
改性蒙脱石对黄曲霉毒素B_1和玉米赤霉烯酮的吸附研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在探究4种不同改性蒙脱石对黄曲霉B1(AFB1)和玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)的体外吸附性能。采用体外吸附试验,在霉菌毒素污染的喷浆玉米皮中添加4种改性蒙脱石,检测AFB1和ZEN的浓度变化,以探究不同种类及不同添加比例改性蒙脱石对AFB1和ZEN的吸附作用。结果表明:4种改性蒙脱石对AFB1和ZEN均有显著吸附作用,其中膨润土经十八烷基三甲基氯化铵改性制备的复合改性蒙脱石II型对AFB1和ZEN的吸附效果最好,在添加量为1%时,对AFB1和ZEN的吸附率分别为62.60%和43.38%。在本体外试验条件下,4种改性蒙脱石对喷浆玉米皮中AFB1和ZEN均具有吸附作用,可以降低喷浆玉米皮中的霉菌毒素含量,为改性蒙脱石在饲料脱毒剂的使用提供参考。 相似文献