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1.
探讨了核因子κB受体活化因子配基(Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand,RANKL)和不同浓度骨保护素(Os-teoprotegerin,OPG)对鸭破骨细胞(Osteoclasts,OC)生成和活化的影响.从7日龄内番鸭长骨骨髓分离破骨细胞,添加1,25-(OH)2D3进行诱导培养15 h后,更换含不同细胞因子的培养液(对照组:不加细胞因子;30 μg/LsRANKL组;30 μg/L sRANKL+10 μg/L OPG组;10μg/L OPG组;50 μg/L OPG组;100 μg/L OPG组),继续培养.倒王显微镜进行OC形态学观察,比较各组培养3 d后抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)阳性OC数量、培养7 d后扫描电镜观察象牙片吸收陷窝.结果表明:50 μg/L OPG组、100μg/L OPG组OC数均极显著少于10 μg/LOPG组(P<0.01);添加OPG组OC数均极显著少于30μg/L sRANKL组(P<0.01),象牙片吸收陷窝随OPG添加浓度的增加而减少,面积减小,陷窝深度变浅.RANKL能够促进OC的生成及活化,而OPG可与RANKL竞争性地结合RANK抑制OC的生成和活化,从而抑制OC的骨吸收.  相似文献   

2.
对直接从鸭骨髓腔机械分离的成熟破骨细胞（osteoclasts,OC）和由鸭骨髓来源单核细胞融合成的OC样多核巨细胞（multinucleatedgiantcells,MNGCs）进行培养,分别进行抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（tartrate-resistantacidphosphatase,TRAP）染色并计数,扫描电镜观察象牙片吸收陷窝,比较了2种方法获得0C的骨吸收功能。结果显示,2种方法均能分离培养出TRAP阳性且具有骨吸收功能的多核OC,但直接分离获得的成熟OC骨吸收功能更强。  相似文献   

3.
番鸭破骨细胞的培养及鉴定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
分离7日龄内番鸭长骨破骨细胞（osteoclast,OC）,倒置显微镜观察其活体形态。培养1、3、5、7d进行抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色（TRAP）,培养7d后进行骨吸收陷窝定量分析,观察番鸭OC数量、体外生存时间以及骨吸收功能。结果显示,倒置显微镜下观察,OC为多核巨细胞,有伪足并借助伪足的凹凸伸缩而改变形态、运动行走。玻片上OCTRAP染色阳性,培养7d的象牙片上产生明显吸收陷窝。直接分离OC的数量随培养时间延长而减少,单核细胞融合而成的OC数量随培养时间延长而增加;分离培养的鸭OC具有骨吸收活性,TRAP染色阳性。  相似文献   

4.
采集ICR小鼠骨髓单核细胞在体外培养过程中加入25.0 μg/L M-CSF+50.0 μg/L RANKL诱导形成破骨细胞,同时选择RAW264.7细胞培养过程中添加100.0 μg/L RANKL诱导分化为破骨细胞.通过检测抗酒石酸碱性磷酸酶(Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase,TRAP)染色阳性数及骨吸收陷窝,比较小鼠骨髓单核细胞和RAW264.7细胞株诱导形成的破骨细胞活性.结果显示,小鼠骨髓诱导的细胞TRAP阳性数显著低于RAW264.7细胞株(P＜0.05),而小鼠骨髓诱导的破骨细胞所形成骨吸收陷窝的面积显著大于RAW264.7细胞株(P＜0.05).结果表明,2种方法均可诱导形成具有典型特征的破骨细胞,骨髓单核细胞诱导形成的破骨细胞活性更强,但破骨细胞的数量和纯度明显低于RAW264.7细胞株.  相似文献   

5.
为了研究1,25(OH)2D3对体外诱导培养鸡胚破骨细胞的作用,从18日龄鸡胚长骨(股骨和胫骨)分离骨髓细胞进行培养,在培养过程中分别添加10-7,10-8和10-9mol/L的1,25(OH)2D3。通过倒置显微镜观察其活体形态,对培养1,3,5,7 d的破骨细胞进行抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色(TRAP)鉴定,培养7 d后进行骨吸收陷窝和功能分析。结果显示,10-8mol/L组除第1天和其他各组差异不显著以外,第3,5,7天诱导所生成的破骨细胞的数量都显著高于10-7和10-9mol/L这2组(P0.05),极显著高于对照组(P0.01)。经扫描电镜观察,无论是吸收陷窝面积还是陷窝吸收程度,10-8mol/L组均显著高于其2组;对照组无明显陷窝。由此可知,1,25(OH)2D3能诱导鸡胚骨髓细胞形成破骨细胞,且浓度为10-8mol/L时效果最好,所诱导的破骨细胞活性较高。  相似文献   

6.
为了探讨肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)/鼠重组白介素-1α(IL-1α)是否能独立于RANKL/RANK/ OPG机制之外直接刺激破骨细胞(OC)的形成和活化.提取4周龄C57雌性小鼠脾细胞,加入鼠巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(M-CSF)TNF-α(±IL-1α)进行体外培养,同时加入骨保护素(OPG)和可溶性NF-κB受体活化子配体(sRANKL)以区别RANKL/RANK/OPG机制.通过OC形态学观察、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)染色、骨吸收陷窝方法鉴定OC的形成和活化水平.结果显示:TNF-α(±IL-1α)能诱导睥细胞融合产生TRAP阳性的多核细胞并在象牙片上产生吸收陷窝,加入OPG不能阻断其诱导破骨细胞形成和产生骨吸收陷窝.结果表明:在MCSF存在的情况下,TNF-α以一种独立于RANKL/RANK/OPG之外的机制诱导破骨细胞的形成和活化,而且IL-1α能显著促进TNF-α的诱导作用(P＜0.05).  相似文献   

7.
本试验旨在观察磷对体外培养番鸭破骨细胞(OC)生存、生成以及骨吸收功能的影响.分离1日龄番鸭长骨骨髓细胞,培养过程中分别加入不同比例的NaH2PO4、10-8 mol/L 1,25-(OH)2D3二因子、不同浓度的NaH2PO4单因子.倒置显微镜观察细胞形态,更换含磷培养液后6 h、12 h、18 h、24 h、30 h和7 d进行抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色(TRAP),分别进行OC计数、形态观察;培养30 h内吖啶橙染色,观察OC凋亡情况,7 d后扫描电镜观察象牙片吸收陷窝情况.结果表明:在同一时间点,添加磷培养液均能抑制1,25-(OH)2D3诱导产生OC,并抑制OC的骨吸收活性,抑制程度与磷浓度成正比,3、5和7 mmol/L组OC数量均极显著少于对照组(P＜0.01);5 mmol/L组OC数量极显著少于3 mmol/L组(P＜0.01);5 mmol/L组与7 mmol/L组差异不显著;更换含磷液培养12、18、24和30 h,均可见磷含量达3 mmol/L时OC数量均极显著少于对照组(P＜0.01),磷浓度相同组,OC数量随着培养时间的延长而减少.添加磷培养液能够抑制体外诱导培养OC的生成及骨吸收活性,抑制体外培养成熟OC的生存.  相似文献   

8.
从1～7日龄番鸭长骨骨髓分离破骨细胞（Osteoclasts，OC）进行培养，培养过程中添加不同摩尔浓度比例的钙磷双因子（CCa：Cp为2：1、1：1、1：2）。倒置显微镜观察细胞形态，于培养第1、3天进行抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色（TRAP），培养7d后扫描电镜观察象牙片吸收陷窝，研究不同钙磷比例对番鸭OC生成及骨吸收功能的影响。结果显示，培养第3天时试验组TRAP阳性细胞多于对照组，差异极显著（P〈0．01）。试验组中除CCa：Cp=1：1组与CCa：Cp=2：1组之间无显著差异外（P〉0．05），其余各组间差异均极显著（P〈0．01）。扫描电镜观察，象牙片吸收陷窝程度与钙磷比例大小（CCA：Cp为2：1、1：1、1：2）成反比。证实合适比例的钙、磷（CCa：CP=2：1）通过抑制OC生成和活化，抑制OC的骨吸收活性。  相似文献   

9.
本研究以18、21、24胚龄和27胚龄的鸭胚为实验对象,研究鸭胚胎后期腿肌成肌细胞增殖和肌纤维发育的特点。采用BrdU标记鸭胚,用免疫荧光法检测腿肌成肌细胞的增殖情况,同时制作石蜡切片进行H-E染色,照相并观察腿肌肌纤维发育规律。结果表明:鸭胚后期腿肌发育明显,全胚重以47.91%的平均速率增长,而腿肌以78.21%的平均速率增长;4个阶段的肌纤维直径、横切面积和单位面积内肌纤维根数均差异显著(P<0.05),而单位面积细胞核数、BrdU标记率差异不显著(P>0.05),但以21胚龄时BrdU标记率最高。研究结果显示,鸭胚胎后期腿肌成肌细胞增殖速率稳定、不断融入肌纤维,导致肌纤维肥大并快速发育,且21胚龄左右是鸭胚胎期腿肌发育的高峰时期。  相似文献   

10.
为获得大量有活力的鸡破骨细胞(Osteoclast,OC),本试验选取18日龄鸡胚,从长骨中提取骨髓细胞,用胰酶消化,40%和70%的percoll梯度离心分离骨髓间质细胞。在此基础上,用60 ng/mL核因子κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)、50 ng/mL巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(M-CSF)诱导培养。采用抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)染色、骨吸收陷窝以及标志性蛋白TRAP、基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)、组织蛋白酶K检测鉴定破骨细胞。结果显示,诱导后的TRAP阳性细胞剧增,TRAP、MMP-9和组织蛋白酶K蛋白表达极显著上调,可在牛骨上形成大量的骨吸收陷窝。研究表明,该方法是一种快速、实用、高效的鸡破骨细胞分离培养技术。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

18.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

19.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

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