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该研究比较了不同碳源、氮源、无机盐对海洋红酵母菌（Rhodotorula sp.）RH1菌株发酵产量的影响,通过葡萄糖、蛋白胨、酵母膏和硫酸镁（MgSO4）4因素3水平的正交试验,确定了RH1菌株的最优培养基为蛋白胨10 g.L-1,酵母膏15 g.L-1,葡萄糖20 g.L-1,MgSO40.25 g.L-1,磷酸二氢钾（KH2PO4）0.25 g.L-1,氯化钠（NaCl）10 g.L-1。结果显示,该菌株最佳摇瓶发酵条件为接种量10%,初始pH 5.0,摇瓶装液量80 mL/500 mL三角瓶,培养温度28℃,经48 h培养,菌量可达10.46×108cfu.mL-1,比优化条件前提高23.9%。还进行了RH1菌株25 L发酵罐扩大培养试验,在接种量为8%、初始pH 5.0、搅拌速率350～400 r.min-1、通气量9 L.min-1、温度28℃的条件下,经28 h的培养,菌量可达33.6×108cfu.mL-1。预计通过连续补料的方式进行培养,有望进一步提高菌量。 相似文献
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益生菌D-1液体发酵工艺的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为提高菌体的得率和芽孢转化率,进行了菌株D1最佳培养条件参数和培养基优化的研究及测定此条件下的生长曲线。通过研究发酵温度、接种量、培养基初始pH、溶解氧等因素对菌株D1生长的影响,确定最佳培养条件为:培养温度30℃,培养基初始pH7.0,接种量5%(相对摇瓶装液量),装液量100mL/500mL。在发酵基础培养基成分保持不变的情况下改变氮源、碳源、生长因子、无机盐单因子进行单因子试验,采用L9(3)4正交表设计实验,进行培养基优化,确定最佳培养基配比为玉米淀粉2%,蛋白胨2.5%,NaH2PO40.8%,玉米浆1.5%,MgSO4·7H2O0.05%,3.08%MnSO4水溶液0.1%。在最佳培养条件下,用最优培养基测定了菌株D1的生长曲线,并确定了菌株D1的最佳种龄为18～20h,生产收获时间为26h。 相似文献
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人工培养条件下环境因子对微小小环藻生长的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在实验室培养条件下,研究了温度、光照、盐度、pH值和氮、磷、铁、硅等营养盐对微小小环藻(Cyclotella caspia)生长繁殖的影响。实验结果表明:微小小环藻生长的适宜温度为10～40℃,最适温度为30～35℃;适宜光照为500～10 000 lx,最适光照为2 000～8 000 lx;适宜盐度为2～85,最适盐度为25～50;适宜pH值为4～9,最适pH为8.0～8.5。筛选出微小小环藻培养液配方是每立方米海水加入(NH2)2CO-N 30g,NaH2PO4-P 1 g,FeC6H5O7-Fe 0.1 g,Na2SiO3-Si 25 g。 相似文献
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枯草芽孢杆菌的培养条件及对水质的净化作用 总被引：19，自引：3，他引：16
研究了枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis Cohn,1872)(菌株编号:LB-B3)的培养条件及其在净化对虾养殖池水样方面的效果。实验分别设置了9个不同的pH值梯度(pH 2～10)和6个不同接种量梯度(0.3%、0.5%、1%、3%、5%和7%),以吸光值(OD)为生长指标,进行了枯草芽孢杆菌培养条件的优化实验;同时又设置了5个不同接种浓度(0 CFU/mL、5.2×104CFU/mL、1.04×105CFU/mL、1.56×105CFU/mL和2.08×105CFU/mL)接种待处理水样,测定了96 h内化学耗氧量、亚硝酸氮、氨态氮和溶氧等4个水质指标的变化情况。结果表明:pH=7.0、接种量为7.0%时,OD值最大;枯草芽孢杆菌能显著净化水质,但使用后会暂时性增加耗氧。 相似文献
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由采集的草鱼体表细菌中，分离筛选到1株抗嗜水气单胞菌较强的菌株S190。通过对该菌株个体和群体形态特征观察、生理生化特征测定及16SrDNA序列分析，初步确定为Jeotgalicoccus psychrophilus S190。杯碟法拮抗试验表明，S190对嗜水气单胞菌有较强的抑制作用；最适作用条件为25℃、pH8．0。该菌株对葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和大肠杆菌也表现出一定程度的抑制作用。生物学特性研究表明：S190生长最适碳源为1％的糊精，氮源为0．01％的酵母粉，磷源为0．01mol／L的K2HPO4；培养温度25℃，pH10，NaCl浓度5％（m／V），接种量3％（V／V），装液量以250ml三角瓶装250ml生长最好。 相似文献
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取1龄草鱼(体长20～25 cm)肠道制成常规肠囊样本,分别使用Ringer's液、山本液、今村液以及1mmol/L亮氨酸(Leu)溶液和1
uci/ml H3-Leu溶液进行体外培养,并设定培养条件分别为培养温度20、25、30和37℃,培养时间5、10、30及60
min.测定在各条件下草鱼肠道碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性和Leu的吸收积累量.结果显示,1龄草鱼肠道离体培养最佳条件为培养液为山本液(NaCl
0.75%,KCl 0.02%,Ca-Cl2 0.02%,NaHCO3 0.002%),培养时间为5 min,培养温度为25℃.此时,草鱼肠道AKP活性为51.61金氏单位,对Leu的吸收速率为0.047
2μmol/(g· 相似文献
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《渔业科学进展》2017,(6)
芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp.)A4是一株具有溶甲藻能力的菌株,为探究营养条件与培养条件对A4生长的影响,明确在多因素共同作用下菌株的生长特性,先以单因素方法比较不同碳、氮营养因子对其生长的影响,再以Plackett-Burman方法综合比较碳源、氮源、pH、接种菌量、温度、转速、装液量等因子对其生长的协同影响效应。结果显示,A4菌对有机碳源玉米浆和有机氮源大豆蛋白利用效果最好,培养24 h后菌量分别达到3.58×10~8、3.19×10~8 CFU/ml。各因子的重要性排序依次为大豆蛋白、温度、玉米浆、转速、接种菌量、pH、装液量,且大豆蛋白和温度对A4菌的生长影响显著(P0.05)。研究表明,培养条件对菌株生长调控也有重要意义,在评估相关因素对菌株生长或生态功能的影响时,须将营养条件和培养条件协同分析。 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
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Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Qin-Cheng Huang Di‐Gen Qin Bei‐Ping Tan Tao Du Yuan-Zhi Yang Qi-hui Yang Shu‐Yan Chi Xiao-hui Dong 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(2):816-827
A 5 × 3 factorial growth trial was conducted to evaluate optimal dietary protein and lipid levels (dietary protein level, DP; dietary lipid level, DL) for juvenile Sillago sihama (S. sihama) (2.0 ± 0.02 g, initial weight). Fish were fed 15 diets containing 5 DPs (350, 400, 450, 500 and 550 g/kg) and 3 DLs (60, 90 and 120 g/kg) for 8 weeks. The interaction between proteins and lipids significantly influenced the feed conversion ratio, condition factor, body composition, antioxidant indices and lipase activity (p < .05). DP 450 g/kg showed the highest average final body weight. DPs 500 and 550 g/kg significantly decreased the protein efficiency ratio (p < .05). DL 120 g/kg showed the highest percentage weight gain. The low feed conversion ratio was found in diets P45L12, P55L9 and P55L12. Diet P45L12 showed high superoxide dismutase activities. DP 450 g/kg showed the lowest average malondialdehyde content. Lipase activity was increased by increasing DP (p < .05) with a fall at DP 550 g/kg. Under the present experimental conditions, the optimal DP for S. sihama was 450 g/kg under the DL 120 g/kg. 相似文献