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《中国畜牧杂志》2016,(9)
为探究不同冷冻速率对鸡囊胚细胞冷冻效果的影响,使用胚胎冷冻仪分步冷冻,比较不同步骤中不同冷冻速率冷冻后,细胞二乙酸荧光素(FDA)染色活率(简称活率)和培养24 h后细胞贴壁率(简称贴壁率)。结果表明:第1步冷冻,-0.7℃/min组活率最高(0.846),但与-0.5℃和~1℃/min组差异不显著(P0.05)。-1℃/min组贴壁率最高(59.1%),且与各组间差异均极显著(P0.01)。第2步冷冻,投入液氮前不同温度,-75℃组活率最高(0.530),但与-35℃、-55℃组差异不显著(P0.05);-35℃组贴壁率最高(36.6%),且与各组间差异极显著(P0.01)。因此,鸡BCs使用胚胎冷冻仪进行分步冷冻,以-1℃/min的速率降温至-7℃保持10 min,继续以同样速率降温至-35℃投入液氮保存,解冻后不仅可以获得较好的活率,而且培养后可以获得较高的贴壁率。 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医学报》2015,(10)
旨在研究高效鸡囊胚细胞(Blastodermal cells,BCs)冷冻保存技术,为利用BCs保存禽类雌性遗传资源以及胚胎干细胞研究奠定基础。采用解冻后二乙酰荧光素(Fluorescein diacetate,FDA)染色以及培养24h后细胞贴壁率双重检测BCs活力方法,比较二甲基亚砜(DMSO)不同浓度、不同冷冻与解冻速率等对BCs的冷冻保存效果。结果表明:(1)DMSO不同浓度,20%组解冻后活力最高(0.58),与15%组差异不显著(P0.05),但与5%、10%和25%组差异极显著(P0.01);细胞复苏后贴壁率,20%组最高(30.5%),与15%组差异不显著(P0.05),与25%组差异显著(P0.05),与5%和10%组差异极显著(P0.01)。(2)冷冻速率,使用三步法冷冻,以-1℃·min-1的速率降温至-7℃,保持10min,继续降温分别至-15、-35、-55、-75℃后,投入液氮中保存,-75℃组解冻后活力最高(0.53),但与-35℃、-55℃组差异不显著(P0.05);贴壁率,各组间差异极显著(P0.01),其中-35℃组最高(36.6%)。(3)37℃水浴解冻,10s、1min、2min、3min解冻后,各组间活力差异不显著(P0.05),其中10s组最高(0.60),解冻后贴壁率,37℃水浴1min组结果最好(43.9%),与水浴2min组差异不显著(P0.05),但与水浴10s组差异显著(P0.05),与水浴3min组差异极显著(P0.01)。50℃水浴5s、20s、40s、1min解冻,5s组活力最高(0.70),与20s组差异显著(P0.05),与40s、1min组差异极显著(P0.01),解冻后贴壁率,各组间差异均极显著(P0.01),其中50℃水浴5s组最高(36.9%),50℃水浴1min组最低(5.6%)。综上表明,鸡BCs使用DMSO浓度为20%的冷冻保护剂进行细管冷冻,以-1℃·min-1的速率降温至-7℃保持10min,继续以此速率降温至-35℃后,投入液氮保存,37℃水浴1~2min解冻,BCs通过FDA染色与体外培养贴壁率双重检测均可获得较好效果。 相似文献
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为了探究芝麻酚对猪精液冷冻保存效果的影响,用手握法采集成年杜洛克公猪精液,预处理后添加不同浓度芝麻酚(0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20和0.25g/L)的冷冻稀释液进行稀释,冷冻-解冻后检测猪精子活率、质膜完整性(低渗肿胀试验)、线粒体活性、顶体完整性、DNA完整性以及超氧化歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)活性等。结果显示:当芝麻酚添加浓度为0.20g/L时,解冻后精子活率、线粒体活性、质膜完整率和顶体完整率为最高,相比较于对照组,分别提高了12.67%、19.07%、18.78%和14.09%(P0.05);MDA含量最低为2.04nmol/mL(P0.05);SOD和GSH-Px酶活最高为73.04U/mL和237.59U/I(P0.05)。当芝麻酚添加浓度为0.25g/L时,DNA完整性最高为72.46%(P0.05)。当芝麻酚添加浓度为0.15g/L时,CAT酶活最高为3.44U/mL(P0.05)。结果表明:与对照组相比较,在猪精液冷冻稀释液中添加适当浓度的芝麻酚能显著提高解冻后猪精子活率、功能完整性和抗氧化能力(P0.05),且当芝麻酚的浓度为0.2g/L时对猪精子冷冻保存效果最好。研究结果表明,芝麻酚作为一种天然抗氧化剂,对猪精子冷冻保存具有良好的效果。 相似文献
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在绒山羊冷冻精液稀释液中分别添加0mmol/L、2.5mmol/L、5.0mmol/L、7.5mmol/L和10.0mmol/L五个梯度的谷氨酰胺,以确定冷冻效果最好的谷氨酰胺添加浓度,优化绒山羊冷冻稀释液配方。结果表明:添加5.0mmol/L谷氨酰胺组精子的活率、顶体完整率和生存指数均极显著或显著地高于其他试验组(P0.01,P0.05),而畸形率极显著或显著低于其他试验组(P0.01,P0.05);在脂质过氧化反应和抗氧化酶活性方面,添加5.0 mmol/L组MDA浓度极显著低于其他试验组(P0.01),而CAT活性极显著高于其他试验组(P0.01)。总之,在稀释液中添加5.0mmol/L谷氨酰胺,在冷冻—解冻过程中能起到很好的保护精子的作用。 相似文献
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在LEY冷冻稀释液基础上分别添加不同浓度维生素C(0、5、10、20、40、60 mmol/mL)、维生素E(0、0.2、0.5、1.0、2.5、5.0 mg/mL)、SOD(0、100、200、400、600 IU/mL)、CAT(0、50、100、200、300 IU/mL)、GSH(0、1、5、10 mmol/mL)等抗氧化剂,检测冷冻-解冻后精子活力、活率、质膜完整率、顶体完整率、平衡后和解冻后精子MDA含量,以观察5种抗氧化剂对猪精液冷冻保存效果的影响。结果表明:在冷冻稀释液中联合添加100 IU/mLSOD和200 IU/mL CAT明显提高冷冻-解冻后精子活力、活率、质膜完整率和顶体完整率(P<0.01)。 相似文献
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《中国兽医学报》2016,(6):1065-1070
采用滤纸环法分离鸡囊胚细胞(blastodermal cells,BCs),冷冻复苏后使用二乙酰荧光素(fluorescein diacetate,FDA)测定细胞活率,以及培养24h测定细胞贴壁率简称"贴壁率法",探究2种方法在不同冷冻程序优化试验中对细胞冷冻损伤的评价效果。结果显示,FDA染色法与贴壁率法在冷冻保护剂浓度优化、冷冻及解冻速率优化试验中对细胞冷冻损伤的评价结果差异不显著(P0.05),相关性很好,但也有一定差异;不同冷冻剂浓度优化试验中,5%DMSO冷冻保护液有细胞活率,但无贴壁现象;投入液氮温度对比试验中,-35℃以后,随着投入温度的降低,细胞活率略微升高,但贴壁率呈较明显的下降趋势。因此,2种方法均适合鸡BCs冷冻损伤评价,但贴壁率法能给出更多关于细胞状况的信息,评价结果更加真实可靠。 相似文献
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通过比较不同冷冻保存方法和冷冻保护剂对小鼠耳皮肤成纤维细胞冷冻-解冻复苏后细胞存活率、48h贴壁率和细胞生长曲线的影响,筛选适宜的小鼠耳皮肤成纤维细胞冷冻保存方法和冷冻保护剂。结果表明,以100mL/L二甲基亚砜(DMSO)作为冷冻保护剂进行小鼠耳皮肤成纤维细胞冷冻保存时,方法3处理组解冻复苏后细胞存活率和培养48h细胞贴壁率均高于方法2处理组(P>0.05),并分别极显著高于方法1和方法4。采用方法3进行冷冻保存时,以100mL/L DMSO作为冷冻剂的细胞贴壁率显著高于100mL/L甘油(GL)组(P<0.05),且冷冻解冻后的细胞呈现正常的分裂增殖生长模式。因此,宜选择100mL/L胎牛血清(FBS)+100mL/L DMSO+DMEM作为冷冻保护液,采用方法3进行小鼠耳皮肤成纤维细胞的冷冻保存。 相似文献
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试验比较了在冷冻稀释液中添加不同浓度海藻糖(0.025,0.05,0.1 mol/L)以及添加10 mg/L维生素C对猪精液冷冻保存效果的影响.结果:(1)添加0.025 mol/L海藻糖组的精子冻后活率与复苏率分别跟对照组相比无显著差异(P>0.05),但添加浓度为0.05,0.1 mol/L的海藻糖组的精子活率和复苏率显著低于对照组(P<0.05).(2)在猪精液冷冻保存稀释液中,添加维生素C组的精子冻后活率和复苏率极显著高于对照组(P<0.01).表明在猪精液冷冻液中,添加0.025,0.05,0.1 mol/L 3种不同浓度的海藻糖对猪精液没有起到保护作用,其中后两者对之有降低的作用;而添加10 mg/L维生素C可取得较好的冷冻保存效果. 相似文献
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N-乙酰半胱氨酸和L-半胱氨酸对冻融后猪精液品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分别在猪精液冷冻稀释液中添加N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)和NAC+L-半胱氨酸(LC)混合物,经冷冻解冻后,对精液品质和膜脂质过氧化反应的程度进行生物学检测。结果在冷冻稀释液中添加1 mmol/L的NAC和1 mmol/L NAC+0.1 mg/mL LC能显著地提高解冻后精子的活率和顶体完整率,降低精子的低渗膨胀率(P<0.05)。NAC和LC+NAC对膜脂质过氧化反应没有影响(P>0.05)。在猪精液冷冻稀释液中添加LC+NAC比只添加NAC更为理想。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献