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西南区野生狗牙根遗传多样性的ISSR标记与地理来源分析 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
利用72条ISSR引物对西南区42份野生狗牙根和3份栽培品种的遗传多样性进行研究,发现仅11条引物能产生清晰扩增产物。在45份供试材料中,11个ISSR标记共产生82条扩增片段,每条引物能产生5~10条,平均为7.45条。在这82条扩增片段中,有58条具有多态性,占70.9%,平均每个ISSR标记能产生5.27条多态性片段。ISSR标记揭示的西南区45份材料间的遗传相似系数变化范围为0.69~0.98,其中42份野生狗牙根间的遗传相似系数变化范围为0.77~0.98,表明西南区野生狗牙根具有较丰富的遗传多样性,与栽培品种有较大的遗传异质性。利用UPGMA聚类分析表明,ISSR标记能够将西南区45份材料区分开。供试材料可聚为4类,其中栽培品种单独聚成1类,野生材料聚为3类。基于地理距离和遗传距离的相关分析显示,西南区野生狗牙根材料间的遗传关系与其地理来源间没有严格的一致性关系。 相似文献
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野生狗牙根种质资源的AFLP遗传多样性分析 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
利用AFLP标记对采自非洲以及中国四川、重庆、云南、贵州和西藏五省区的共44份野生狗牙根材料进行遗传多样性分析。10对引物共扩增出462个条带,其中多态性条带有452条,多态性条带比率为97.64%,材料间的遗传相似系数(GS)范围为0.64~0.95,平均GS值为0.76。根据研究结果进行聚类分析和主成分分析,可将供试材料分成五大类,分类结果与材料的地理分布大致相符,呈一定的地域性分布规律。由此可见,丰富的地理生态条件造就了狗牙根资源丰富的遗传多样性和明显的地域性分布规律。 相似文献
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以1份美国进口马蹄金(Dichondra repens)品种为对照,用RAPD和SRAP两种分子标记方法研究20份野生马蹄金种质资源的遗传多样性。结果发现,20条RAPD引物扩增出多态性条带130条,多态性比率为68.78％;22对SRAP引物扩增出175条多态性条带,多态性比率为72.31％,表明20份野生马蹄金之间具有较丰富的遗传多样性。聚类结果表明,RAPD标记将供试材料聚为两大类群,SRAP标记也将材料划分为两大类。两种标记下,供试材料呈现出较好的地域性分布规律,地理来源相近的材料能大致聚为一类,部分同聚为一类的材料在形态上也具有相似性。两种标记方法相关系数r0.01=0.910,二者存在极显著正相关,表明应用这两种技术对马蹄金遗传多样性与亲缘关系的分析具有较高的一致性和可信度。 相似文献
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苜蓿种质资源遗传关系的ISSR分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用ISSR分子标记技术研究了来自国内外的30份苜蓿(Medicago L.)材料的遗传多样性,为其遗传改良和分子标记辅助育种提供依据。结果表明:10个ISSR引物共扩增出112条带,其中59条带是多态性谱带,多态性比率平均值为74.5%,平均每个引物扩增出11.2条带。用POPEGENE 32软件分析多态性指数和有效等位基因数的平均值分别为0.3727和1.4280,遗传多样性水平较高。利用扩增结果进行遗传距离分析,构建了分子树状图,可以把30份材料划分为3个类群,第1类包括准格尔、敖汉、肇东等19份种质材料;金达苜蓿单独划分为1类;第3类包括和平、德宝等10份种质材料。 相似文献
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云南野生和逸生苜蓿资源POD和EST同工酶分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了摸清云南苜蓿(Medicago L.)资源的遗传多样性,采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶不连续垂直板电泳系统,对30份云南野生和逸生苜蓿材料过氧化物酶(POD)和酯酶(EST)同工酶酶谱进行了分析。结果表明:供试材料的2种同工酶酶带数均为10条,多态位点百分数均达到100%。除二倍体材料外,其余材料均具有多条相同的共有谱带,有着丰富的多态性,但POD和EST酶谱存在明显差异;供试材料的POD和EST遗传距离均在0.00~1.00之间,其中1号、3号和4号二倍体苜蓿,与其他逸生材料遗传距离较大,亲缘关系较远;其余均为紫花苜蓿(M.sativa L.),POD和EST的遗传距离分别在0.00~0.56和0.00~0.33之间。采用类平均法(UPGMA)Nei氏距离进行聚类分析,表明30份供试材料亲缘关系的远近与地理分布呈一定的相关性。这将为云南苜蓿资源遗传关系的研究提供基础数据。 相似文献
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《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2017,(5)
本研究以早熟禾属的60份早熟禾种质资源为材料,参照加拿大哥伦比亚大学提供的100条ISSR引物对其进行PCR扩增,从中筛选出30条多态性丰富、条带清晰稳定、重复性较好的且适合于早熟禾ISSR分析的引物。30条ISSR引物共扩增出135条带,其中多态性条带为56条,多态率为41.5%。本试验筛选出的核心引物可为早熟禾种质资源遗传多样性及育种的研究奠定理论依据。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献