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不同养殖密度对南美白对虾生长的影响 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
根据单因素试验方法研究不同养殖密度对南美白对虾生长的影响。本试验设置养殖密度分别为75尾/m2、150尾/m2、300尾/m2、450尾/m2、900尾/m2五种梯度,选择同一批体格健壮、活力强,体长均为4.2 cm左右的虾苗,在同种环境因素下,用网笼悬挂于同一池中养殖40 d,结果表明：①不同密度对南美白对虾体长、体重的增长有显著影响（F〉F0.05=3.478）,并且前一、二组在体长、体重的增长速度上明显优于后三组,各组之间体长增长最大提高4.2%,体重增长最大提高9%;②不同密度对南美白对虾的成活率也有显著影响,各不同实验组的成活率分别为93.7%、94.7%、84.7%、77%、69%,随密度增加,成活率呈下降趋势,各组间成活率最大相差25.7%。通过研究得到结果,150尾/m2是工厂化养殖一个较为合理的养殖密度。 相似文献
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南美白对虾淡水养殖试验报告 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采取人工调兑淡水盐度，定点投喂颗粒饲料，调节水质及病害预防措施，在667m^2淡水池塘中养殖南美白对虾，经107天的饲养管理，共产南美白对虾160．2kg，平均体长达13．5cm/尾，体重20g/尾，成活率达到80．1％，共获利润5732．5元，投入产出比1：2．47。 相似文献
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商品虾饲养是南美白对虾养殖的主要目的。为推广南美白对虾养殖及其养殖技术 ,提高养殖水平和经济效益 ,促进经济可持续发展 ,特制定本标准 (试行 )。1 主要内容本技术标准规定了淡水池塘主养南美白对虾的池塘条件、放养前的准备工作、虾苗放养、饲养管理及捕捞等。2 适用范围本标准适用于内陆淡水池塘主养生产南美白对虾 (商品虾 )。3 经济指标3 .1 每 667m2 产南美白对虾 1 50kg以上 ,鲜鱼 40～ 60kg。3 .2 南美白对虾出池规格 1 5～ 2 5g/尾。3 .3 南美白对虾养殖商品率为 95%以上。4 池塘条件4.1 面积和水深 面积 1 3 0 0～ 50… 相似文献
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南美白对虾混养中华鳖试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着南美白对虾养殖发展规模急剧扩大,我县淡水南美白对虾面积达到1333.3hm2,产值达到1.3亿元,南美白对虾产业已经成为我县七大龙型产业又一大产业。但是我县的南美白对虾养殖池塘大多数是低洼、盐碱地改造成的池塘,大多数池塘的塘龄在七、八年以上,在高温期间出现因放养密度过高、池塘底质老化等原因引起病害的发生,经济效益呈下滑趋势,因此,为了减少养殖风险,积极进行生态养殖模式探索,以求达到高效生态养殖的目的。2006年6月,我们在高塘岛乡开展了南美白对虾混养中华鳖试验,取得了较好的经济效益,现将试验情况总结如下。1材料与方法1.1池塘条件及准备4只池塘总面积1.67hm2,单塘面积0.33～0.47hm2,水深0.8～1m,每只池塘配套1.5kW水车式增氧机2台;池塘周围用高40cm左右的黑塑料膜拦围作为防逃设施;水源无工业污染,水质富营养化程度较高,高温期间易出现水源不足;苗种放养前,池塘经清淤、曝晒、生石灰消毒清塘。1.2苗种放养2006年6月2日投放规格为0.8cm左右虾苗120万尾,由宁海购进;6月28日投放规格为300g/只的本地幼鳖208只;7月5日投放规格为50g/只的幼鳖162只。投放幼鳖行动活泼... 相似文献
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为探究养殖密度和盐度对南美白对虾标粗过程生长性状的影响,为南美白对虾标粗技术管理提供依据,设置不同的养殖密度(3万、5万、7万、8万、9万、10万和12万尾/m3)和盐度(咸化、淡化),分别在室内水泥池和玻璃钢养殖桶内进行了虾苗标粗过程的试验,主要指标包括虾苗全长、个体变异程度、成活率和生长速度等。结果显示,养殖密度对南美白对虾标粗过程中的生长性状具有显著影响(P 0. 05),当养殖密度为7万～8万尾/m3时,虾苗体长日增长率可达0. 05 cm/d以上;盐度对标粗过程中南美白对虾的体长日增长率也具有显著影响(P 0. 05),对照组、咸化组和淡化组的体长日增长率分别为0. 043、0. 042和0. 036 cm/d,其他生长性状则没有显著性差异(P 0. 05)。结果表明,养殖密度为7万～8万尾/m3时可获得最经济、最大限度利用标粗池的效果;虾苗淡化时的生长速度低于正常盐度和咸化时的生长速度。 相似文献
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本试验研究了经调配的地下卤水在不同盐度下,不同Ca2+浓度对南美白对虾生长的影响.通过对比盐度在10‰和20‰,在水温28℃,K+浓度在180 mg/L时的同等条件下,不同的Ca2+浓度对南美白对虾养殖的影响试验.结果表明,不同盐度相同Ca2+浓度,南美白对虾的成活率及产量差距不大;Ca2+浓度在250～330 mg/L时,南美白对虾成活率最高达95％以上,产量达15.8 kg/m2以上,达到工厂化生产要求.从养殖成活率、产量、节约成本等综合因素考虑,Ca2+浓度为250 mg/L时为本次试验的最佳添加浓度. 相似文献
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南美蓝对虾 ( Penaeus stylirostris)原产于拉丁美洲太平洋沿岸水域 ,它具有生长速度快、适应盐度范围广、人工繁殖较南美白对虾容易、抗病毒能力较强 ,易于集约化饲养等优点。 2 0 0 1年 4～ 5月 ,福建省漳州市出现了大规模的南美白对虾流行性虾病 ,其中海水养殖的南美白对虾发病率达60 %以上 ,兑淡养殖的南美白对虾发病率也在30 %以上 ,严重制约对虾养殖业的发展。为了探索南美蓝对虾的兑淡养殖技术 ,我场于今年 6月 5日开始进行南美蓝对虾和南美白对虾混养试验 ,并取得较好的经济效益 ,平均单产为 2 34kg/1 0 0 0 m2。一、池塘条件利用… 相似文献
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池塘养殖斑节对虾生长、发育与性成熟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解不同养殖条件下斑节对虾的生长、外生殖器发育、性腺发育及性成熟之间的关系,对其养殖进行跟踪调查研究.结果显示:①斑节对虾雌雄外生殖器官发育和头胸甲长呈线性关系;②不同养殖环境条件下,斑节对虾性成熟生物学最小型个体无显著差异.雄性精荚出现的生物学最小型个体为头胸甲长3.1 cm,体长11.1 cm,体质量20.0 g;雄性性成熟个体的头胸甲长3.7 cm,体长13.0 cm,体质量37.0 g.池养雌性斑节对虾的性成熟生物学最小型个体以纳精囊的发育完全(可与雄虾交配)为标志,其最小性成熟个体的头胸甲长4.3 cm、体长15.1 cm、体质量53.0 g,雌性性成熟个体为头胸甲长5.0 cm,体长17.0 cm,体质量75.0 g以上;③池塘养殖斑节对虾性成熟与日龄和养殖环境相关.鱼塭雄虾精荚出现的最早时间为日龄120 d前后,其性成熟日龄约为160 d;池塘养殖雄虾精荚出现的最早时间为日龄150 d前后,其性成熟日龄约为260 d.鱼媪雌虾最早交配发生在日龄165 d前后,性成熟日龄205～236 d,池养雌虾最早交配发生在日龄240～ 280 d,性成熟日龄295～360 d以上. 相似文献
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Penaeus merguiensis was cultured through three generations in laboratory recirculation systems. Populations of 24–76 prawns produced, on average, 2–15 batches of 44 000 eggs per month throughout a 16-month period. Survival to metamorphosis was over 50% and post-larvae reached a size (0.15 g live weight) suitable for stocking in “grow-out” tanks 50–60 days after being spawned. In the subsequent 16 weeks prawns reached 5–7 g live weight with 24–58% survival. 相似文献
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对辽宁、盘锦二界沟镇养殖场池养对虾在6月25日至9月10日间的体长和体重变化进行了同步观测,依据观测结果建立了池养中国对虾体长与体重的回归方程和体长、体重的生长速度方程及加速度方程。结果显示:(1)北方人工养殖的中国对虾其体长与体重的关系式为W=0.02634IL~(2.6327),对虾肥满度大于自然水体增殖,但略差于南方;(2)北方人工养殖的中国对虾其体重生长拐点为48d,比自然增殖的对虾体重生长拐点相比提早7d,比南方池养中国对虾迟后6d;(3)北方人工养殖的中国对虾其体长拐点为20d,比体重拐点提前近一个月,即人工养殖的中国对虾其体长优先于体重生长。体长生长较体重生长提前结束;(4)北方池养的中国对虾极限体重为18.678g,极限体长为12.1cm,与南方池养和自然水域放流的中国对虾的极限体重和极限体长间存在很在并异,放速密度、水温期等是重要的影响因素。以上结果对优化北方中国对虾的池养提供了参考。 相似文献
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Omkar V. Byadgi K. M. Shankar B. T. Naveen Kumar Rajreddy Patil Iqlas Ahmed 《Aquaculture International》2014,22(2):887-900
A study was conducted on the stability of monoclonal antibody (MAb) in the hepatopancreas and hemolymph of Penaeus monodon and its effect on protection against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) upon challenge. MAb C-5 raised against WSSV was purified and coated onto a commercial shrimp feed at dosages of 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg feed. The feed was fed to P. monodon and stability of the MAb in hepatopancreas and hemolymph was determined by immunodot and Western blot. Immunodot results indicated the presence of MAb for 2 h post-feeding in hepatopancreas and hemolymph which was dose-dependent. MAb was also detected in hemolymph by Western blot up to 1 h post-feeding. Shrimp fed with MAb were challenged with WSSV by oral and injection methods. In shrimp fed with 15 mg antibody/kg feed (0.45 μg MAb/g shrimp/day) WSSV infection significantly delayed both in oral and injection challenges with a survival of 65 and 70 % (p < 0.05), respectively, during 15 days post-challenge. MAb was stable in shrimp for passive immunization against WSSV and could be a potential tool for prophylaxis against the virus. 相似文献
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Gravid females of Penaeus semisulcatus and Metapenaeus stebbingi were collected off Bardawil Lagoon and spawned in the laboratory within 2 days. Rearing to post larvae took about 2 weeks and when they were 5–6 weeks old (0.01 g) they were transferred to out-door ponds. P. semisulcatus reached a maximum weight of 47.7 g (females) and 25.8 g (males). 相似文献
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蛋白水平对不同斑节对虾家系生长与消化酶活性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探究饲料蛋白水平与不同斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)家系生长和消化酶之间的关系,研究了3种蛋白水平(34%、38%、42%)的饲料对16个斑节对虾家系的生长性状以及胃和肝脏消化酶活性的影响。经过56 d的养殖实验,结果表明:(1)随着蛋白水平的升高,所有斑节对虾家系的特定生长率均有所增加,F1、F2、F4、F7、F12、F13、F15等7个家系的特定生长率在34%、38%、42%3种蛋白水平组未见显著性差异(P>0.05),其余家系在3种或者其中的2种饲料之间有显著性差异(P<0.05);(2)斑节对虾特定生长率在家系和饲料蛋白质水平这两个因素间交互作用不显著(P=0.974);(3)所有斑节对虾家系的蛋白酶活性均随着饲料蛋白含量的增加而增加,淀粉酶活性有所下降,但规律不明显;(4)13个斑节对虾家系的肝脏蛋白酶活性、14个家系的胃蛋白酶活性均与家系特定生长率有着极显著的相关性(P<0.01),淀粉酶活性和特定生长率的相关性远小于蛋白酶活性。 相似文献
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Grasian Immanuel Madasamy Sivagnanavelmurugan Varatharajan Balasubramanian Arunachalam Palavesam 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(10):e545-e553
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of a hot water extract of brown seaweeds Sargassum duplicatum and Sargassum wightii on the growth and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) resistance in shrimp Penaeus monodon postlarvae (PL). Artemia nauplii (instar II) were enriched with both seaweed extracts at various concentrations (250, 500 and 750 mg L?1) and fed to the respective P. monodon (PL15–35) group for 20 days. A control group was also maintained without seaweed extract supplementation. The weight gain of the experimental groups was significantly higher (0.274–0.323 g) than the control group (0.261 g). Similarly, the specific growth rate was also significantly higher (16.27–17.06%) in the experimental groups than in the control group (16.03%). After 20 days of the feeding experiment, the shrimp PL were challenged with WSSV for 21 days. During the challenge test, the control shrimp displayed 100% mortality within 8 days. In contrast, the mortality percentage of the highest concentration (750 mg L?1) of seaweed extract enriched Artemia nauplii fed shrimp was 54–79%. Comparatively, low mortality was observed in S. wightii extract‐enriched Artemia nauplii fed shrimp. The polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated the concentration‐dependent infection of WSSV in P. monodon PL. 相似文献
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本文报告了在不使用任何药物的基础上,采用环保型的“福寿牌”饲料、生物过滤池,有益微生物EM和PsB及科学的日常管理,南美白对虾经过75d的养殖,平均体长达10．3cm,平均体重达10．2G,每平方米水面平均产量0．668kg,饲料系数为0．9,投入产出比为1．253。 相似文献
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Vijay Kumar Reddy Surasani S. B. Patange 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):330-337
Inhibition of melanosis was studied in farmed tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) treated with different concentrations of sulfite-based formulations. Treatments, applied by dipping for 0.5 h, were carried out immediately following the harvest. Melanosis, sensory quality, and the level of SO2 residues in the muscle were determined in a selection of the most effective treatments. The minimum dose to avoid melanosis and keep quality for at least 10 days was found to be 30 g kg?1. With all the treatments, the statutory limit of 0.3 g kg?1 SO2 in the edible part was not exceeded by any of the samples analyzed. 相似文献
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Evaluation of the Dietary Zinc Requirement of Penaeus vannamei and Effects of Phytic Acid on Zinc and Phosphorus Bioavailability 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
D. Allen Davis Addison L. Lawrence Delbert M. Gatlin III 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1993,24(1):40-47
Experiments were conducted to determine the dietary zinc requirement of Penaeus vannomri and evaluate the effects of phytate on zinc bioavailability. Prior to initiation of the growth trial, 20-day-old P. vonnamei postlarvae (mean weight 0.0032 g) were fed a casein-gelatin based semi-purified diet lacking zinc supplementation but containing 18 mg Zn/kg diet for one week. Subsequently, juveniles (mean weight 0.058 g) were fed one of seven diets containing either supplemental zinc (0, 15, 30, 60 mg/kg diet) without phytate or supplemental zinc (0, 60, 200 mg/kg diet) with 1.5% phytate for 33 days. Weight gain was greatest in shrimp fed 15 mg supplemental Zn/kg diet. In the absence of dietary phytate, zinc concentrations in the hepatopancreas of shrimp were maximized when zinc was supplemented at levels greater than or equal to 15 mg Zn/kg diet (33 mg total Zn/ kg). Supplementation of 1.5% phytate to the diet did not have a significant effect on growth or zinc concentrations in the carapace; however, it did depress zinc levels in the hepatopancreas. Supplementation of 200 mg Zn/kg diet was required to overcome the depressed bioavailability of zinc caused by the presence of dietary phytate and return zinc levels of the hepatopancreas to that observed when phytate was not present. Based on apparent digestibility values phytate phosphorus was unavailable to the shrimp and the presence of phytate depressed the bioavailability of phosphorus and zinc. 相似文献