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1.
建立了检测猪尿中7种α2-受体激动剂的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。试样经调节pH,乙酸乙酯提取并浓缩、净化后,经液相色谱-串联质谱测定,外标法定量。结果表明,7种α2-受体激动剂在1~80μg /L浓度范围内均呈良好线性关系,相关系数均大于0.99。7种目标化合物检测限为0.1 μg /L,定量限为0.3 μg /L。在1～20 μg /kg添加浓度范围内回收率为60%～110%,相对标准偏差小于15%。该方法方便快捷,定性准确,可为猪尿中该类兽药残留的日常监控提供方便、快捷的检测方法支持。  相似文献   

2.
建立检测饲料中16种β-受体激动剂的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC/MS/MS)分析方法。样品经酸性甲醇提取,浓缩后用甲醇:0.1%甲酸(20:80)溶解进样,经超高效液相色谱-串联质谱在多反应检测(MRM)模式下测定。结果显示:16种β-受体激动剂基质添加标准曲线在50～1 000μg/kg质量浓度范围内线性良好。在50～1 000μg/kg添加水平下,16种β-受体激动剂的加标回收率在65%～105%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于10%(n=6);该方法对动物饲料16种β-受体激动剂的定量限为0.05 mg/kg(信噪比>10),检出限为0.01 mg/kg(信噪比>3)。  相似文献   

3.
试验建立一种检测畜禽粪便中25种β-受体激动剂的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)分析方法。样品经酸性乙腈提取,加C18粉净化,浓缩后用0.2%甲酸溶解进样,经液相色谱-串联质谱进行多反应检测。结果显示,在1~100μg/kg质量浓度范围内25种β-受体激动剂基质添加标准曲线线性良好。在5~50μg/kg添加水平条件下,猪和鸡粪便中25种β-受体激动剂类药物加标回收率为71.0%~103.0%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均低于15.0%;试验方法的定量限和检出限分别为5和1μg/kg。  相似文献   

4.
超高效液相色谱串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)检测猪肉中克伦特罗、莱克多巴胺、沙丁胺醇3种β-受体激动剂残留方法.选用盐酸葡萄糖醛苷酶/芳基硫酸酯酶水解,混合型阳离子交换固相萃取净化,以0.1%甲酸水溶液-0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液-甲醇为流动相,超高效液相色谱串联质谱法检测,在1.0、5.0、10μg/kg浓度添加水平,空白肌肉组织中3种药物添加平均回收率范围84~95%,标准偏差3.6~8.1%.该方法检测限为0.1μg/kg,定量限为0.3μg/kg,具有准确敏感特性.  相似文献   

5.
本试验旨在建立猪肝、牛肉、羊肉中5种β-受体激动剂残留的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)快速检测方法。样品用80%的乙腈提取,经过PRiME HLB固相萃取柱一步净化,氮吹浓缩,最后用10%甲醇复溶。以10 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液-10 mmol/L乙酸铵甲醇溶液(pH=5)作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用多反应监测模式进行测定,内标法定量。5种β-受体激动剂浓度在0.5～50.0 ng/mL呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数(R2)在0.999 63～0.999 96。5种β-受体激动剂浓度为0.5、1.0、5.0μg/kg时,在猪肝中回收率为93.7%～106.1%,牛肉中回收率为95.2%～104.0%,羊肉中回收率为95.1%～106.0%。通过试验得出该方法具有较好的准确度和重复性。按照特征离子色谱峰信噪比(S/N)=3得出,5种β-受体激动剂检出限为0.01～0.04μg/kg,定量限为0.02～0.15μg/kg。本法操作简便,灵敏度高,准确度好,适合大批量畜产品中β-受体激动剂残留的检测分析。  相似文献   

6.
本试验建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱（HPLC-MS/MS）检测猪肉中克伦特罗、沙丁胺醇、莱克多巴胺残留的方法。样品中的药物残留采用0.2mol/L pH5.2的乙酸铵缓冲液提取,加入β-葡萄糖醛酸酶/芳基硫酸酯酶进行酶解,提取液经混合型阳离子交换柱进行净化,液相色谱-串联质谱测定,内标法定量。克伦特罗0.05μg/kg;莱可多巴胺、沙丁胺醇0.2μg/kg。回收率均大于88%。  相似文献   

7.
研究首次建立饲料中替扎尼定、赛拉嗪、美托咪啶、胍那苄、利美尼定、胍法新和可乐定这7种常见的α_2受体激动剂的液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法。饲料样品经0.2%甲酸甲醇提取液(10∶90)提取,MCX固相萃取柱净化后,采用液相色谱-串联质谱法检测,外标法定量。该方法在0.5~100 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好,方法最低检出限为0.01 mg/kg,定量限为0.05 mg/kg,7种α_2受体激动剂在不同饲料中呈现良好的回收率。该方法灵敏度高、选择性好,可作为饲料中α_2受体激动剂的确证方法。  相似文献   

8.
建立了检测六种动物组织中盐酸氯丙嗪残留的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC/MS/MS)分析方法。样品经碱性乙醚提取,浓缩后用甲醇溶解,经超高液相色谱-串联质谱在多反应检测(MRM)模式下测定。在3 min以内完成盐酸氯丙嗪的定量分析。结果显示盐酸氯丙嗪标准曲线在0.2~100μg/L浓度范围内线性良好,标准溶液中D3-氯丙嗪内标浓度为固定值5μg/L。线性相关系数(r)为0.999 8;在0.5、1、5、10μg/kg添加水平下,盐酸氯丙嗪的加标回收率在83%~104%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于10%(n=6);本方法对六种动物组织中盐酸氯丙嗪的定量限为0.5μg/kg(S/N10),检出限为0.2μg/kg(S/N3)。  相似文献   

9.
试验采用QuEChERS前处理方法结合超高效液相色谱串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）建立牧草中22种农药残留分析检测方法。结果表明,22种农药在0.5～20μg/L范围内线性关系良好（R2＞0.994）,检出限（LODs）为0.01～0.2μg/kg,定量限（LOQs）为0.02～0.5μg/kg。在2.5、5、10μg/kg三个不同浓度水平下,回收率为73.7%～107.1%,相对标准偏差为0.7%～9.8%。该方法线性关系良好,检出限低,回收率高,适用于牧草中22种农药的定性定量分析。 [关键词]牧草|超高效液相色谱串联质谱|QuEChERS|农药残留  相似文献   

10.
张鑫 《中国兽药杂志》2015,49(12):36-42
研究并优化了七种不同动物源食品中四环素、土霉素、金霉素、多西环素残留的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法。选用Na2EDTA-Mc Ilvaine缓冲溶液作为提取液,超声提取七种动物源食品中四环素类残留,C18固相萃取小柱净化,脱溶剂后用甲醇水溶解,在超高效液相色谱-串联质谱上进行检测。结果显示,猪肉、鸡肉、鸡蛋、鱼肉、牛奶中四环素类药物残留的最低定量限(LOQ)为10μg/kg,猪肾、猪肝最低定量限(LOQ)为20μg/kg,在定量限到2倍最大残留限量(MRL)的添加范围内,回收率为75%±25%,RSD10%,可以满足农业部235号公告的要求。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

18.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

19.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

20.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

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