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为评价球敌对鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫秦皇岛株的效力,选择68只海兰褐公雏随机分成阳性对照组,阴性对照组,球敌1组和球敌2组,每组17只鸡。在14日龄,除阴性对照组外,每只鸡接种1.2×105个柔嫩艾美耳球虫。结果表明,球敌1组和2组鸡的AC I分别为186.63和187.06,表明球敌属高效抗球虫药,且促生长作用显著,整个试验期内的增重分别比阳性对照组、阴性对照组提高65.16%(P<0.01)、55.20%(P<0.01),6.63%(P>0.05)、0.21%(P>0.05),并能显著缓解因球虫感染引起的H b含量的下降,提高胸腺和法氏囊指数。 相似文献
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五种抗球虫药物对鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫病的疗效观察 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
210只14日龄817肉杂鸡公雏随机均分为7组,每组30只,除白对照组外,每只鸡接种2×105个柔嫩艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊,同时选择百球杀二代、球痢速治、海南霉素、球虫宝,海南地克珠利5种常用抗球虫药,通过饮水给药的方式,观察其疗效,试验期为10 d。结果表明,百球杀二代的抗球虫指数(ACI)为197.7,属高效抗球虫药。抑制卵囊繁殖和减轻肠道病变效果以海南霉素组为显著,整个试验期内的增重分别比红对照组、白对照组、其他药物组均高。球痢速治、海南霉素、球虫宝的抗球虫指数(ACI)分别为184.6、174.9、165.2,均为中效抗球虫药。地克珠利的抗球虫指数(ACI)为142.9,判为低效抗球虫药。红对照组的法氏囊指数与其他各组之间差异不显著(P0.05),脾脏指数与白对照组差异不显著(P0.05),与百球杀二代组,汇鑫球痢速治组和海南霉素组差异极显著(P0.01),与球虫宝组和海南地克珠利组差异显著(P0.05)。 相似文献
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目的研究尼卡巴嗪和氨丙啉单独及配合应用对鸡球虫病的疗效。方法将15日龄鸡人工感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫,以鸡平均增重率、盲肠病变记分、粪便记分和抗球虫指数等指标为参数,综合评价尼卡巴嗪和氨丙啉单独及配合应用的抗球虫效果。结果尼卡巴嗪左旋咪唑 大蒜素 维生素K组抗球虫指数为189。氨丙啉 乙氧酰胺甲酯 乙胺嘧啶 磺胺喹啉组抗球虫指数为184.5,这两组药均具有良好的抗球虫效果。氨丙啉 乙氧酰胺苯甲酯组,氨丙啉 乙胺嘧啶组及氨丙啉药物对照组抗球虫指数分别为162.8,163.2,和160.5;尼卡巴嗪 乙氧酰胺苯甲酯组和单用尼卡巴嗪组抗球虫疗效较差,AC I分别为142.7和146.4。结论尼卡巴嗪配合左旋咪唑、大蒜和维生素K产生了增效作用;用氨丙啉配合乙氧酰胺苯甲酯、乙胺嘧啶和磺胺喹啉也可达到增效目的,经两药单用提高了疗效。 相似文献
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地克珠利、氨丙啉与左旋咪唑联合使用对Eimeria tenella的效力试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
目的研究地克珠利与氨丙啉、左旋咪唑的联合抗球虫效果。方法应用均匀设计法对地克珠利、氨丙啉和左旋咪唑的各6个不同剂量进行优化配伍,试验设立6个药物试验组,并设药物对照组、感染不给药组和不感染不给药组。除不感染不给药组外,其余全部试验鸡每只接种E.tenella孢子化卵囊1×105个,以抗球虫指数(AC I)判定药物的疗效。结果地克珠利5 mg/kg+氨丙啉240 mg/kg+左旋咪唑1.5 mg/kg组的雏鸡存活率为100%,相对增重率97.5%,病变值15.5,其AC I 181.97;而地克珠利2 mg/kg组的AC I仅为79.35;其余各组AC I均在150~170之间。结论本试验中以地克珠利5 mg/kg+氨丙啉240 mg/kg+左旋咪唑1.5 mg/kg为最佳抗球虫药物组。 相似文献
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为评价球敌对鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫秦皇岛株的效力,选择68只海兰褐公雏随机分成阳性对照组,阴性对照组,球敌1组(0.2mL/L水)和球敌2组(0.4mL/L水),每组17只鸡.在14日龄,除阴性对照组外,每只鸡接种1.2×105个柔嫩艾美耳球虫.结果表明,球敌1组和2组鸡的ACI分别为186.63和187.06,表明球敌属高效抗球虫药,且促生长作用显著,整个试验期内的增重分别比阳性对照组、阴性对照组提高65.16%(P＜0.01)、55.20%(P＜0.01),6.63%(P＞0.05)、0.21%(P＞0.05),并能显著缓解因球虫感染引起的Hb含量的下降,提高胸腺和法氏囊指数. 相似文献
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本试验比较了8种常用抗球虫药地克珠利(1毫克/千克饲料)、球痢灵(125毫克/千克饲料)、克球多(125毫克/千克饲料)、常山酮(3毫克/千克饲料)、盐霉素(60毫克/千克饲料)、拉沙洛菌素(75毫克/千克饲料)、氨丙啉(125毫克/千克饲料)、马杜霉素(5毫克/千克饲料)对鸡人工感染2.4×105个混合球虫卵囊的作用效果。结果表明:地克珠利抗球虫指数(ACI)为184.9,抗球虫效果优秀;盐霉素抗球虫指数(ACI)为164.4,抗球虫效果良好,克球多、常山酮、拉沙洛菌素、氨丙啉、马杜霉素的抗球虫指数分别为146.4、123.4、151.6、140.6、158.1,抗球虫效果中等;球痢灵抗球虫指数(ACI)为102.9,无效。 相似文献
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本试验选取中药白头翁、苦参、大黄炭、草果等8味中药组成球康Ⅲ和球康Ⅳ两个复方,进行人工抗柔嫩艾美尔球虫感染的疗效试验。试验共设6组：即中药球康Ⅲ组、球康Ⅳ组、磺胺喹□啉组、氨丙啉药物对照组、感染不给药对照组（红组）和不感染不给药对照组（白组）。结果表明：除白组外,其余各组鸡均不同程度表现出临床症状,见少量血便,病鸡精神沉郁,羽毛松乱,采食量减少等,且抗球虫指数分别是中药球康Ⅲ组为166.9、球康Ⅳ组为161.6、磺胺喹□啉组为169.1、氨丙啉组为168.6、红组为36.8、白组为200。其中中药球康Ⅲ组比球康Ⅳ组的抗球虫效果明显,并与磺胺喹□啉组、氨丙啉组的的抗球虫效果接近,表明中药对球虫病显示了较好的防治效果。 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献