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1.
饲粮烟酸添加水平对生长獭兔生长性能、毛皮品质、血脂代谢及血清抗氧化指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在探讨饲粮烟酸添加水平对3~5月龄生长獭兔生长性能、毛皮品质、血脂代谢及血清抗氧化指标的影响。选取平均体重为(1 860±144)g的3月龄獭兔160只,随机分成4组,每组40个重复,每个重复1只獭兔。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂添加50、100和200 mg/kg烟酸的试验饲粮,预试期7 d,正试期53 d。结果表明:饲粮烟酸添加水平对平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比无显著影响(P0.05)。饲粮烟酸添加水平对毛皮重量、毛皮面积、被毛长度无显著影响(P0.05),对毛皮厚度有显著影响(P0.05)。饲粮烟酸添加水平对血浆雌二醇及血清总蛋白、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量无显著影响(P0.05),对血清胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、游离脂肪酸含量有极显著影响(P0.01)。饲粮烟酸添加水平对血清谷胱甘肽过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性及丙二醛含量无显著影响(P0.05)。综合本试验结果,3~5月龄生长獭兔饲粮适宜烟酸添加水平为100 mg/kg(饲粮烟酸实测含量为111.54 mg/kg)。 相似文献
2.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中核黄素添加水平对生长獭兔肉品质、毛囊发育和免疫性能的影响。选择体重相近的3月龄獭兔160只,随机分为4组,每组40个重复,每个重复1只兔。各组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0(对照)、3、6和12 mg/kg核黄素的饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期53 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,饲粮中添加6、12 mg/kg核黄素显著降低了獭兔肌肉的滴水损失(P0.05),饲粮中添加3、6、12 mg/kg核黄素显著提高了獭兔皮肤中总毛囊密度(P0.05),饲粮中添加3、6 mg/kg核黄素显著提高了獭兔皮肤中初级毛囊密度(P0.05),饲粮中添加6、12 mg/kg核黄素显著提高了獭兔皮肤中次级毛囊密度(P0.05),饲粮中添加3、6 mg/kg核黄素显著降低了獭兔皮肤中次级毛囊密度/初级毛囊密度(P0.05)。饲粮中核黄素添加水平对獭兔的胸腺重、胸腺指数及血清免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白A、白细胞介素-2含量影响显著(P0.05),且均随着饲粮中核黄素添加水平的升高呈先增加后降低的趋势,并均在6 mg/kg添加组中达到最大值,显著高于对照组(P0.05)。由此可见,3~5月龄生长獭兔饲粮中核黄素适宜添加水平为6 mg/kg(实际测定饲粮中核黄素水平为8.35 mg/kg)。 相似文献
3.
饲粮铜添加水平对生长獭兔生长性能、毛皮品质、肌肉品质及氮代谢的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究饲粮铜添加水平对生长獭兔生长性能、毛皮品质、肌肉品质及氮代谢的影响。选取200只体况相近的1月龄健康獭兔,随机分为5组(每组40个重复,每个重复1只),分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0、5、15、45、135 mg/kg铜的试验饲粮,试验饲粮中铜含量的实测值分别为8.19、13.59、23.78、54.08、143.68 mg/kg。预试期7 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:饲粮铜添加水平对平均日增重、平均日采食量有极显著影响(P0.01),对料重比没有显著影响(P0.05)。当饲粮铜添加水平为15 mg/kg时,平均日增重及平均日采食量均达到最高值。饲粮铜添加水平对毛皮重量有显著影响(P0.05),对毛皮面积及毛皮厚度没有显著影响(P0.05)。5 mg/kg组的毛皮重量显著高于45、135 mg/kg组(P0.05),但与15 mg/kg组差异不显著(P0.05)。饲粮铜添加水平对肌肉滴水损失有极显著影响(P0.01),对肌肉p H45 min和黄度值有显著影响(P0.05),对肌肉剪切力及亮度、红度值均无显著影响(P0.05)。当饲粮铜添加水平为15 mg/kg时滴水损失有最小值,p H45 min有最大值。饲粮铜添加水平对食入氮、尿氮、沉积氮、氮利用率及氮生物利用率有极显著影响(P0.01),对粪氮、氮表观消化率有显著影响(P0.05)。综合本试验测定指标,生长獭兔饲粮适宜的铜添加水平为15 mg/kg(饲粮中铜含量的实测值为23.78 mg/kg)。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加泛酸对生长獭兔肝脏脂肪代谢的影响。试验选用体重相似的断奶獭兔160只,随机分为4组,每组40个重复,每个重复1只。对照组獭兔饲喂基础饲粮,试验组獭兔分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加10、20和40 mg/kg泛酸的饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期56 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,饲粮中添加40 mg/kg泛酸显著降低了生长獭兔肩胛、胃周和肾周脂肪沉积率(P0.05);饲粮中添加10~20 mg/kg泛酸显著降低了生长獭兔肝脏中脂滴的含量(P0.05)。饲粮中泛酸添加水平对生长獭兔血浆中总胆固醇和白蛋白的含量无显著影响(P0.05);随着饲粮中泛酸添加水平的升高,生长獭兔血浆中甘油三酯的含量先降低后趋于稳定,20、40 mg/kg添加组显著低于对照组(P0.05);与对照组相比,饲粮中添加20~40 mg/kg泛酸显著升高了生长獭兔血浆中极低密度脂蛋白的含量(P0.05)。与对照组相比,饲粮中添加40 mg/kg泛酸显著增加了肝脏中激素敏感脂酶(HSL)和骨骼肌中脂肪酸转运蛋白(FATP)基因的表达量(P0.05);饲粮中添加20~40 mg/kg泛酸显著增加了肝脏中肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶1(CPT1)基因的表达量(P0.05);饲粮中添加10~40 mg/kg泛酸显著增加了肝脏中脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)基因和骨骼肌中CPT1基因的表达量(P0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加泛酸影响生长獭兔肝脏内脂肪代谢,泛酸添加水平为40 mg/kg时可降低肝脏内脂肪的沉积,并能降低机体脂肪沉积率,增加骨骼肌对脂肪酸的摄取和利用。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮魔芋甘露寡糖(KON-MOS)添加水平对生长獭兔生长性能、毛皮质量、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。选取平均体重为(0.84±0.07)kg的断奶獭兔120只,随机分为5组(每组24个重复,每个重复1只)。其中,Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ~Ⅴ组为试验组,分别饲喂KON-MOS添加水平为50、100、150、200 mg/kg的试验饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期60d。结果表明:1)饲粮KON-MOS添加水平对生长獭兔的平均日增重、料重比有显著影响(P0.05)。以Ⅲ组平均日增重最高,显著高于对照组(P0.05);以Ⅲ组料重比最低,显著低于对照组(P0.05)。饲粮KON-MOS添加水平对生长獭兔的腹泻率和死亡率无显著影响(P0.05),但试验组两者均低于对照组。2)饲粮KON-MOS添加水平对生长獭兔的被毛密度、被毛长度和毛皮重量无显著影响(P0.05),对皮张面积有显著影响(P0.05)。Ⅲ组皮张面积显著大于对照组(P0.05),各试验组间差异不显著(P0.05)。3)饲粮KON-MOS添加水平对生长獭兔的全净膛率及半净膛率无显著影响(P0.05),但各试验组两者均高于对照组。4)饲粮KON-MOS添加水平对生长獭兔屠宰后45 min时和24 h时的p H、剪切力、蒸煮损失以及亮度(L*)、红度(a*)、黄度(b*)值均无显著影响(P0.05)。综合考虑本试验所测指标,生长獭兔饲粮中适宜的KON-MOS添加水平为100 mg/kg。 相似文献
6.
本试验旨在研究饲粮肌醇添加水平对2~4月龄生长獭兔生长性能、毛皮质量、免疫器官指数和营养物质利用率的影响。选取体重相近的2月龄生长獭兔88只,随机分成4组,每组22个重复,每个重复1只。Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组为试验组,分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加25、50、75 mg/kg肌醇的试验饲粮。试验期为60 d。结果表明:1)饲粮肌醇添加水平对生长獭兔平均日增重和料重比无显著影响(P0.05)。2)饲粮肌醇添加水平对生长獭兔毛皮面积、毛皮重量无显著影响(P0.05),但对被毛密度、被毛长度有显著或极显著影响(P0.05或P0.01)。被毛长度以Ⅲ组最长,显著长于Ⅰ组(P0.05),但与Ⅳ组无显著差异(P0.05);被毛密度以Ⅳ组最大,极显著大于Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组(P0.01),显著大于Ⅱ组(P0.05)。3)饲粮肌醇添加水平对生长獭兔脾脏指数无显著影响(P0.05),胸腺指数随着肌醇添加水平的提高呈升高趋势(P0.05)。4)饲粮肌醇添加水平对生长獭兔粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维利用率无显著影响(P0.05),但对干物质、总能、粗蛋白质利用率有显著或极显著影响(P0.05或P0.01)。其中,干物质利用率以Ⅳ组最高,显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05);Ⅱ组的总能利用率显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05),Ⅳ组的总能利用率极显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.01);Ⅱ组和Ⅳ组的粗蛋白质利用率显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05),Ⅲ组的粗蛋白质利用率极显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.01)。综合以上测定指标,在生长獭兔饲粮中适宜的肌醇添加水平为75 mg/kg。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮锌添加水平对生长獭兔生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质、毛皮质量及氮代谢的影响。选用初始体重相近、健康状况良好的3月龄獭兔160只,随机分为4个组,每组40个重复,每个重复1只。各组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0、40、80、120 mg/kg锌(以硫酸锌的形式)的试验饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期49 d。结果表明:1)饲粮锌添加水平对生长獭兔的末期体重(FBW)、平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)和料重比(F/G)均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)饲粮锌添加水平对生长獭兔的全净膛率、背腰肌率以及肌肉品质指标中的pH、肉色的亮度和红度值均无显著影响(P>0.05),对前腿肌率和肌肉黄度值有显著影响(P<0.05),对后腿肌率和失水率有极显著影响(P<0.01)。3)饲粮锌添加水平对生长獭兔的毛皮重量无显著影响(P>0.05),对皮张面积有极显著影响(P<0.01),对皮板厚度和被毛长度均有显著影响(P<0.05)。4)饲粮锌添加水平对生长獭兔的尿氮(UN)、沉积氮(RN)、氮利用率(NUR)和氮生物学效价(NBV)均有显著影响(P<0.05)。综合本试验测定指标,3～5月龄生长獭兔饲粮适宜的锌添加水平为40 mg/kg(饲粮中锌的实测值为49.4 mg/kg)。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平的啤酒酵母对生长獭兔生长性能、毛皮质量、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。选取120只(30±2)日龄、体重相近的健康白色獭兔(公母各占1/2),按性别和体重分成4组,每组30个重复,每个重复1只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组为试验组,分别饲喂在基础饲粮中以5、10、15 kg/t的啤酒酵母等量替代豆粕的试验饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加啤酒酵母对生长獭兔的平均日增重和料重比有改善趋势(P0.05),且平均日增重和料重比均在添加水平为10 kg/t时达到最优。2)与对照组相比,饲粮添加啤酒酵母对生长獭兔的被毛密度、被毛长度、皮张面积和毛皮重量有提高趋势,但差异不显著(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮添加啤酒酵母显著提高生长獭兔胴体重(P0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮添加啤酒酵母对生长獭兔肌肉的剪切力、pH_(45min)以及滴水损失均无显著影响(P0.05)。综合考虑本试验所测指标,生长獭兔饲粮中适宜的啤酒酵母添加水平为10 kg/t。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮碘添加水平对1~4周龄五龙鹅生长性能、屠宰性能和血清抗氧化指标的影响,以确定五龙鹅饲粮中碘的适宜添加水平。试验选用1日龄五龙鹅216只,随机分为6个组,每组3个重复,每个重复12只。Ⅰ组(对照组)饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ~Ⅵ组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.2、0.4、0.8、1.6、3.2 mg/kg碘的试验饲粮。试验期为4周。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.4 mg/kg碘能显著提高鹅的平均日增重和平均日采食量(P0.05),显著降低料重比(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.4 mg/kg碘极显著提高了半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率(P0.01),显著提高了屠宰率、腿肌率(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.4 mg/kg碘极显著提高了血清总抗氧化能力及总超氧化物歧化酶活性(P0.01),显著提高了血清过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性(P0.05),显著降低了血清丙二醛含量(P0.05)。由此可见,本试验条件下,饲粮中添加适宜水平的碘对1~4周龄五龙鹅生长性能、屠宰性能和血清抗氧化指标有显著影响。五龙鹅饲粮中碘的适宜添加水平为0.4 mg/kg。 相似文献
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《饲料研究》2018,(6)
试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平黄芪多糖(Astragalus polysaccharides,APS)对獭兔生长性能、血清生理生化及免疫指标的影响。选择60日龄、体重1.35 kg左右的健康獭兔75只,随机分为5组,每组15个重复,每个重复1只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲粮在基础饲粮中分别添加200、400、800和1600 mg/kg的APS,试验期30 d。结果表明:400和1600 mg/kg APS组獭兔的总采食量、总增重和平均日增重均显著或极显著高于对照组(P 0.05,或P 0.01),其中1600 mg/kg APS添加组的总采食量和平均日采食量在各组中最高,而400 mg/kg APS添加组的总增重和平均日增重在各组中最高。饲粮中添加400 mg/kg APS极显著提高了獭兔血清中总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白的含量(P 0.01),而其他APS添加水平则极显著降低了血清中乳酸脱氢酶和谷草转氨酶的活性(P 0.01)。200、400、800 mg/kg APS组的血清总蛋白含量均极显著高于对照组(P 0.01),其中800和1600 mg/kg APS组的血清白蛋白含量及白蛋白/球蛋白数值也极显著高于对照组(P0.01),而1600 mg/kg APS组的血清球蛋白含量则极显著低于对照组(P 0.01)。由此可见,饲粮中添加适宜水平APS能够改善獭兔的生长性能及血清生化和免疫指标。在本试验条件下,综合各项指标显示,400 mg/kg APS为獭兔饲粮中的最适添加水平。 相似文献
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Nadine Pa?lack Barbara Mainzer Monika Lahrssen-Wiederholt Helmut Schafft Richard Palavinskas Angele Breithaupt Jürgen Zentek 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(1):57-66
This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), and lead (Pb) in canine liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla, and the association of these concentrations with age, gender, and occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Tissues from 50 dogs were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cu, Zn, and Mn levels were highest in the liver followed by the renal cortex and renal medulla. The highest Sr, Cd, and Se concentrations were measured in the renal cortex while lower levels were found in the renal medulla and liver. Female dogs had higher tissue concentrations of Sr (liver and renal medulla), Cd (liver), Zn (liver and renal cortex), Cr (liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla), and Pb (liver) than male animals. Except for Mn and Sb, age-dependent variations were observed for all element concentrations in the canine tissues. Hepatic Cd and Cr concentrations were higher in dogs with CKD. In conclusion, the present results provide new knowledge about the storage of specific elements in canine liver and kidneys, and can be considered important reference data for diagnostic methods and further investigations. 相似文献
13.
Breed differences for weight (CW), height (CH), and condition score (CS) were estimated from records (n = 12,188) of 2- to 6-yr-old cows (n = 744) from Cycle IV of the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center's Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program. Cows were produced from mating Angus and Hereford dams to Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Shorthorn, Galloway, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, and Salers sires. Samples of Angus and Hereford sires were 1) reference sires born from 1962 through 1970 and 2) 1980s sires born in 1980 through 1987. The mixed model included cow age, season of measurement and their interactions, year of birth, pregnancy-lactation code (PL), and breedgroup as fixed effects for CW and CS. Analyses of weight adjusted for condition score included CS as a linear covariate. The model for CH excluded PL. Random effects were additive genetic and permanent environmental effects associated with the cow. Differences among breed groups were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits and were maintained through maturity with few interchanges in ranking. The order of F1 cows for weight was as follows: Charolais (506 to 635 kg for different ages), Shorthorn and Salers, reciprocal Hereford-Angus (HA) with 1980s sires, Nellore, HA with reference sires, Galloway, Piedmontese, and Longhorn (412 to 525 kg for different ages). Order for height was as follows: Nellore (136 to 140 cm), Charolais, Shorthorn, Salers, HA with 1980s sires, Piedmontese, Longhorn, Galloway and HA with reference sires (126 to 128 cm). Hereford and Angus cows with reference sires were generally lighter than those with 1980s sires. In general, breed differences for height followed those for weight except that F1 Nellore cows were tallest, which may in part be due to Bos taurus-Bos indicus heterosis for size. 相似文献
14.
In experiment 1, 6 pregnant mares received a concentrate that contained a trace mineral premix that provided 14.3 mg Cu, 40 mg Zn, 28 mg Fe, 28 mg Mn, 0.08 mg Co, 0.16 mg I, and 0.16 mg Se/kg concentrate (group A). Seven mares received the same concentrate plus 502 mg Zn and 127 mg Cu once daily (group B). No differences (P > .05) in foal growth data, or Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum were observed. In experiment 2, 6 pregnant mares received the same concentrate as group A (group C), and 8 mares received the same concentrate fortified with 4× the trace mineral premix (group D). Group C mares had higher serum Zn concentration at 1 day (P < 0.01) and 56 days (P < 0.04). Group C mares had higher milk Fe concentration at 28 days (P < .01), and group D mares had higher milk Cu concentration at 56 days (P < .01). Group C foals had higher serum Cu concentration at 14 days (P < .03). The results from this study provide no evidence to indicate that supplementing late gestating and lactating mares with higher dietary trace mineral levels than those recommended currently by NRC has any influence on foal growth and development, or on the Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of the mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum. 相似文献
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16.
《饲料工业》2019,(18):54-58
应用电感耦合等离子-质谱技术(ICP-MS),建立饲料中钠、镁、铬、锰、铁、铜、锌、砷、硒、镉和铅等元素的测定方法。对饲料样品的前处理方法、仪器工作参数和11种元素标准曲线进行优化;并以加标回收、分析方法比对和重复测试说明方法的准确性和精密性。方法在0～1 000 ng/ml范围内线性良好,仪器检出限为0.557 7～5.072 ng/ml,具有良好的精密度,其回收率在88.1%～104.4%之间,相对标准偏差小于5.0%。同时与原子吸收和原子荧光方法进行比对,测定结果相近。所建立的方法简单、快速,可替代原子吸收和原子荧光方法测定饲料中的11种金属元素,为饲料的质量控制提供理想的元素分析方法。 相似文献
17.
K Reifenberg M Stahl U L?sch 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1989,36(3):191-198
A simple two step procedure for the isolation of caprine, ovine, bovine, equine, canine, porcine and human peripheral blood granulocytes is described. After enrichment of granulocytes by centrifugation, contaminating erythrocytes are lysed hypotonically. Recovery, purity, and viability of the granulocyte suspensions are determined. FACScan analysis of the cell suspensions measuring cellular size by forward and sideward light scatter is compared with the corresponding analysis of whole blood leukocytes. Constituencies of the isolated cell suspensions and loss of granulocyte subpopulations through isolation procedure is discussed with regard to granulocyte function assays. 相似文献
18.
《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2017,26(2):295-306
The present context investigated the comparative study on the supplementation of antibiotic, probiotic, organic acid, vitamin C, and herbal extract after vaccination into drinking water and their effects on performance, carcass quality, blood biochemical parameters, immune system, and intestinal flora in broiler chicks for 42 days. A total of 420 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly assigned into 7 treatments with 3 replicates (pens) per treatment and 20 male chicks for each replicate (pen). The experimental treatments consisted of drinking water (control, without additive); drinking water + antibiotic sulfamet; drinking water + C-Vet-50; drinking water + antibiotic sulfamet + C-Vet-50; drinking water + probiotic Primalac; drinking water + butyric acid; and drinking water + extract of Echinacea purpurea Moench (coneflower). There were no differences observed among the treatments for feed intake, but during the whole experimental period, the highest body weight gain was found in the chicks fed with drinking water + antibiotic sulfamet + 50 cc vitamin C (P < 0.05). There were no differences (P > 0.05) observed among the treatments for feed conversion ratio (P > 0.05). Moreover, there were no differences reported among treatments for carcass characteristics at the end of the experiment. Among the treatments, drinking water + 50 cc vitamin C, and drinking water + extract of E. purpurea reduced (P < 0.05) the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoproteins. Drinking water + 50 cc vitamin C, drinking water + Primalac, and drinking water + extract of E. purpurea increased (P < 0.05) the lymphocytes count and decreased the heterophils count and heterophil:lymphocyte ratio. The highest Escherichia coli count and lowest Lactobacillus count in ileal content of the broilers were observed in the control group (P < 0.05). The additives used in this study may be incorporated in the drinking water of broiler chickens as growth promoters and for improved performance. A further, wider supplementation study is required to understand the performance, immune system, variation in the intestinal microbial counts, and any other possible alteration in the intestinal biota of the broilers. 相似文献
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《The Journal of small animal practice》1975,16(1-12):143-154
Circular excised skin wounds in the thoracic and metatarsal regions of the dog were studied. A similar sequence of events took place in the two regions although differences did occur due to the different reactions of the tissues which surrounded the wounds. None of the wound cavities became filled with exudate during the early stages of healing. In the thoracic wounds the cavities were largely filled by the swelling and inward movement of adipose tissue. Epithelium first grew on the wound surface in the sector of the wound that was situated in the direction of hair flow. The average time to complete epithelization was similar in both sets of wounds. A zone of alopecia developed around the wounds. 相似文献