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为了探究PEG对不同谷子品种种子活力的影响,从而筛选出提高种子活力最适宜的聚乙二醇(PEG)浓度。本次试验选用6个不同浓度0%(CK)、5%、10%、15%、20%、25%的PEG8000对2个谷子品种‘公矮5号’和‘嫩选17’浸种24 h处理,清洗晾干后进行发芽试验,统计发芽率、发芽势及计算发芽指数同时测量根长、芽长。结果表明：‘公矮5号’和‘嫩选17’经过不同浓度PEG处理后,其发芽能力和活力均得到了显著提高。发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数与CK相比,均达显著水平,且以15% PEG处理对种子活力的提高最为显著。通过二因素方差分析,根长在品种间及浓度间均达到极显著差异,芽长在品种间不显著,浓度间极显著。‘公矮5号’在15% PEG处理下根长、芽长与CK相比提高了0.65 cm、1.25 cm。‘嫩选17’在15% PEG处理下根长、芽长与CK相比提高2.26 cm、0.42 cm。 相似文献
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恶性入侵植物土荆芥浸提液对大豆种子的化感作用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用单因子试验方法,以土荆芥植株的浸提液对大豆种子进行处理,探讨土荆芥浸提液对大豆种子萌发及其化感作用。结果表明:随着土荆芥浸提液浓度的增加,大豆种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数均显著降低。不同浓度土荆芥浸提液对大豆种子发芽进程有明显影响,随着浸提液浓度的增加,大豆种子首日发芽数减少,达到发芽高峰的天数延迟,达到发芽高峰当天的发芽数下降,过程曲线图由急升急降逐渐变缓。不同浓度土荆芥浸提液处理对大豆种子萌发表现为化感抑制效应,且低浓度抑制作用较小,随浓度增加,抑制作用增强。 相似文献
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银胶菊根际土壤化感作用的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究银胶菊根际土壤浸提液对蔬菜种子和幼苗的化感作用。采用水浸提法制备不同浓度的银胶菊根际土壤浸提液,用生物测定法测定其对上海青、甜菜、苋菜种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感效应。银胶菊不同浓度土壤浸提液对3种植物种子萌发总体具有抑制作用,但对甜菜的GI表现为促进作用,同一浓度的土壤浸提液对3种植物种子发芽率的抑制作用大小顺序为苋菜>上海青>甜菜。与对照相比,幼苗根长和苗高发生明显变化;游离脯氨酸含量均高于对照,且随浸提液处理浓度的增加呈现升高趋势,而可溶性糖含量变化的趋势不一致。银胶菊根际土壤浸提液具有一定的的化感效应,且对不同植物及不同生长特性的化感效应具有选择性。 相似文献
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研究了不同浓度的皱叶酸模水提液(5,10,20,40 g/L)对3个蔬菜品种(小白菜、上海青、油麦菜)种子萌发、幼苗生长的化感作用。结果表明:皱叶酸模对蔬菜化感效应的总体趋势为:随着水提液浓度升高,对蔬菜生长的抑制作用越强;用20 g/L的浸提液处理,主要形态和生化指标都表明蔬菜的生长受到了显著抑制或破坏;在小于10 g/L的浓度范围内,皱叶酸模的化感作用能够提高低活力种子的萌发率,但降低了种子的发芽速度,且化感作用受受体品种差异和种子自身活力的影响而表现不一致;随着化感物质浓度升高,蔬菜幼苗生长受皱叶酸模化感作用的影响为:对根长的影响大于对苗高的影响。 相似文献
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南方红豆杉种子浸提液对油菜种子萌发与幼苗生长的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
摘要：本文研究了南方红豆杉种子的种皮和胚乳（含胚）的不同浓度甲醇浸提液对油菜种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。研究结果发现：种皮和胚乳不同浓度的提取液对油菜种子的萌发、幼苗的生长均存在一定的抑制作用。随着浸提液浓度的升高,油菜种子萌发率、幼苗的根长和茎长均逐渐下降。在相同的浓度中,油菜种子在胚乳浸提液中的萌发率比种皮浸提液低,油菜幼苗的根长在种皮浸提液中比胚乳浸提液中短。方差分析结果表明,不同处理组之间幼苗的根长存在显著的差异。结果表明红豆杉种皮和胚乳均有抑制物质存在,胚乳浸提液对油菜种子的萌发抑制作用较强,而种皮浸提液对油菜根长抑制作用强。 相似文献
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以泽漆为供试植物,以其地上部不同浓度水提液为化感物质,分别以萝卜(Raphanus sativus L.)、白菜(Chenopodium album L.)和甘蓝(Brassica oleracea Linnaeus var.capitata L.)种子为受体,采用培养皿滤纸法进行化感试验,结果表明:泽漆地上部水提液对萝卜、白菜和甘蓝种子的发芽率、发芽指数、根长、苗高和鲜重的影响存在差异,高浓度泽漆浸提液对3种蔬菜种子的发芽率和发芽指数均有显著的抑制作用,泽漆地上部分水浸提液对萝卜幼苗的根长和苗高有着“低促高抑”的影响,对白菜和甘蓝的根长表现为抑制作用,但对其苗高有促进作用,对3种蔬菜的鲜重均表现为促进作用. 相似文献
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以饲用长叶车前(Plantago lanceolata L.)为试验材料,研究其不同浓度的水浸提液对一年生黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum Lamk.)种子发芽的影响。结果表明:长叶车前水浸提液对一年生黑麦草种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数及活力指数均有一定化感作用,0.1%、0.5%、1%的长叶车前浸提液处理种子与对照组发芽率、活力指数无显著差异,萌芽时间推迟;5%的长叶车前浸提液对一年生黑麦草种子萌发有显著的抑制作用,发芽率相比对照组较低。试验初步表明,长叶车前对一年生黑麦草存在高浓度抑制的化感作用。 相似文献
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《种子》2019,(7)
以不同浓度的根际土壤浸提液(0.25、0.5、1 mg·mL~(-1))对马尾松种子及一年生幼苗进行处理,研究马尾松苗木根际土壤浸提液对自身种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感作用。结果表明:马尾松根际土壤浸提液对其种子萌发的抑制作用为活力指数发芽指数发芽率;对种子的胚根长、胚轴长、鲜重和干重的化感效应顺序为胚根长胚轴长鲜重干重。浸提液浓度在0.25～0.5 mg·mL~(-1)范围内时,对幼苗的苗高、地径和生物量均表现为化感促进作用,超过其临界值就开始表现为抑制作用;随着根际土壤浸提液浓度增加,幼苗体内丙二醛(MDA)含量增加,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)的活性降低。综合分析认为:种子萌发和幼苗生长对高浓度的根际土壤浸提液更为敏感。 相似文献
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Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
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G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
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Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
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Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
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D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
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Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
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E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
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[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
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Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
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Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献