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为了比较常用消毒剂对H7N9亚型流感病毒杀灭效果,依照2002年版《消毒技术规范》,评估过硫酸氢钾复合物粉、聚维酮碘溶液、戊二醛癸甲溴铵溶液、稀戊二醛溶液4种消毒剂在不同浓度下,与H7N9亚型流感病毒作用10 min、30 min和60 min的灭活效果。结果显示,0.2%(w/v)过硫酸氢钾复合物粉溶液作用10 min,0.5%(w/v)聚维酮碘溶液作用30 min,0.1%(v/v)戊二醛癸甲溴铵溶液作用30 min,或0.3%(v/v)稀戊二醛溶液作用30 min,均可将H7N9亚型流感病毒完全灭活。与推荐使用浓度相比,戊二醛癸甲溴铵溶液、稀戊二醛溶液、聚维酮碘可以有效灭活H7N9亚型流感病毒,而过硫酸氢钾复合物粉不能有效灭活H7N9亚型流感病毒。本研究对H7N9亚型流感病毒消毒剂的选用具有指导意义。 相似文献
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以过硫酸氢钾消毒剂为研究对象,以大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为受试菌,通过悬液定量杀菌试验,研究在不同温度、作用时间和干扰物存在条件下,过硫酸氢钾的杀菌作用。结果显示,有机干扰物不存在时,在设定温度下(37、25、4℃),浓度为312.5mg/L~1 250mg/L的过硫酸氢钾对受试菌(107 CFU/mL)作用5min,杀菌率为100%;浓度为2 500mg/L时,1min可完全杀灭受试菌。当有机物(牛血清白蛋白)在菌液中的终浓度为30g/L时,室温下作用10min,完全杀灭大肠埃希菌浓度为625mg/L,金黄色葡萄球菌为2 500mg/L。有机物含量为250g/L时,相同条件下对大肠埃希菌的杀菌率为99.99%,对金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌率为99.97%。研究结果为过硫酸氢钾作为消毒剂的有效使用提供了参考。 相似文献
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过硫酸氢钾复合盐颗粒现场消毒效果试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了评价过硫酸氢钾复合盐颗粒的现场消毒效果,探究最佳使用浓度,试验将过硫酸氢钾复合盐颗粒配成不同浓度的溶液,分别对牛舍、鸡舍进行地面消毒和空气消毒,并与进口的过硫酸氢钾复合粉进行消毒效果比较。结果表明:地面消毒中,过硫酸氢钾复合盐颗粒溶液高浓度(1∶100)消毒10 min,中浓度(1∶200)消毒30 min,杀菌率可达99%以上,与对照消毒剂过硫酸氢钾复合粉溶液(1∶200)消毒30 min效果相当;空气消毒中,过硫酸氢钾复合盐颗粒溶液高浓度(1∶100)和中浓度(1∶200)消毒10 min,杀菌率可达到99%以上,与对照消毒剂过硫酸氢钾复合粉溶液(1∶200)消毒10 min效果相当。说明使用过硫酸氢钾复合盐颗粒溶液对畜禽舍进行地面和空气消毒,在作用时间30 min以上时,溶液浓度为1∶100和1∶200的消毒效果好,杀菌率可达到99%以上,建议使用浓度为1∶200。 相似文献
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为确定过硫酸氢钾复合粉的有效期和包装运输条件,以电位滴定法和碘量法测定过硫酸氢钾复合粉中氯化钠和有效氯的含量,并分别用影响因素试验、加速试验和室温长期留样试验对过硫酸氢钾复合粉进行稳定性研究。影响因素试验结果表明过硫酸氢钾复合粉对湿度较敏感,6个月加速试验的结果显示双层铝箔纸可以作为合适的包装材料,室温留样1年后,样品各项检测指标均符合质量标准的规定。稳定性试验结果表明本品在密闭、遮光的贮存条件下性质稳定,室温下贮存期可暂定为2年。 相似文献
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消毒灭源是养殖生产中防止动物发生疫病的重要措施,因此,需要合理选择和使用消毒剂来确保消毒效率,提高畜禽场生物安全和动物福利.为了探讨过硫酸氢钾复合粉对细菌的杀灭效果的影响,以本实验室鉴定的奶牛乳房炎源金黄色葡萄球菌为受试菌,采用悬菌液定量杀灭试验,研究不同温度、作用时间对过硫酸氢钾复合粉杀菌效果的影响.结果显示,过硫酸氢钾复合粉浓度在1∶400、1∶800、1∶1600,4℃、20℃、30℃,5min作用下均能有效杀灭奶牛乳房炎源金黄色葡萄球菌,1min作用下杀灭率分别为98.6％、95.5％、92％;各种浓度组温度在4℃～30℃度和规定时间下,随着温度的上升杀灭率均有不同程度的提高.研究表明,提高消毒时间和温度有助于过硫酸氢钾复合粉对金黄色葡萄球菌的杀灭效果. 相似文献
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本文以海蚌育苗池海水中的溶藻弧菌作为研究对象,探讨过硫酸氢钾对溶藻弧菌的杀灭效果。通过单因素试验和3因素3水平正交试验探讨不同温度、不同过硫酸氢钾浓度、不同菌液浓度对抑制溶藻弧菌效果的影响。从单因素试验结果可知,当温度处于20～30℃、过硫酸氢钾浓度20～40 mg/L、菌液浓度105～107CFU/mL时,杀菌抑制效果显著;正交试验结果 显示,温度25℃、过硫酸氢钾浓度40 mg/L、菌液浓度105CFU/mL,是过硫酸氢钾溶液对溶藻弧菌杀灭效果最佳的条件;药物浓度11 mg/L时,灭菌率≧99%;药物浓度大于9 mg/L时,药物作用时间1～24 h的杀菌率差异均不显著,过硫酸氢钾药效可以维持24 h。 相似文献
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《广东畜牧兽医科技》2020,(4)
为有效防控疫情研制出移动式行人消毒通道,评价选用的消毒药剂对有害微生物的消杀作用,本试验采用培养方法等对过硫酸氢钾复合物、过氧乙酸等消毒药剂对大肠杆菌等病原菌、猪流行性腹泻病毒等常见猪禽病原进行消杀效果试验,采用急性经口毒性试验、急性眼刺激试验、皮肤刺激试验来评价消毒药的安全性。结果显示几种消毒药对供试病原有较好的杀灭效果,过硫酸氢钾制剂、过氧乙酸分别1∶100、1∶2000稀释后,5分钟即可杀灭所有试验病菌;过氧乙酸1∶104、过硫酸氢钾1∶105稀释能杀死病毒载体Vero细胞;过氧乙酸1∶250经过1 min即能杀死猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV);1∶2000可以有效杀灭新城疫病毒(NDV)和传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV);结果还显示对人具有良好的安全性。本试验提示设立移动式行人消毒通道对降低传播性感染风险具有重要意义。 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
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Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
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<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献