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1.
本试验旨在研究母猪妊娠后期和哺乳期饲粮中添加过氧化氢酶(CAT)对母猪繁殖性能、抗氧化能力、饲粮养分消化率以及仔猪生长性能和抗氧化能力的影响。试验选取二元杂交(长白×大白)经产母猪160头,按母猪预产期、胎次体重、体况相近均衡分布的原则随机分为4组(对照组和试验A、B、C组),饲粮中CAT添加量分别为0、50、100、150U/kg,每组40头,每头母猪为1个重复,试验周期从妊娠第90天开始至仔猪断奶。结果表明:与对照组相比,饲粮中添加CAT对总产仔头数、活仔数、健仔数、初生窝重有提高但未达到显著水平(P>0.05);在母猪饲粮中添加CAT对降低哺乳仔猪腹泻率效果显著(P<0.05);在母猪妊娠第104天,与对照组相比,试验B和C组中血清总抗氧化能力(T AOC)分别提高60.03%和53.70%(P<0.05);试验B组中血清CAT活性较对照组、试验A和C组都有显著提高(P<0.05)。在母猪哺乳第14天,与对照组相比,试验B组中血清CAT活性显著提高(P<0.05);与对照组相比,试验B组初乳中T AOC提高119.10%(P<0.05);试验B和C组的初乳CAT活性较对照组分别提高86.24%和76.95%(P<0.05);各试验组在粗蛋白质消化率上与对照组相比差异均为显著(P<0.05);各试验组在粗脂肪消化率上与对照组相比差异均为显著(P<0.05)。综上,在母猪饲粮中添加CAT可以一定程度上提高母猪总产仔数、母猪妊娠第104天及哺乳第14天血清中T AOC、CAT活性、初乳中T AOC、CAT活性,母猪抗氧化能力在饲粮中添加100U/kgCAT时提升最明显;在母猪饲粮中添加CAT可以显著提高粗脂肪和粗蛋白质消化率。  相似文献   

2.
本试验旨在研究饲粮不同蛋白质水平下添加合成氨基酸对夏季哺乳母猪生产性能及氮排泄的影响.选择120头长白×约克杂交母猪,随机分成3个蛋白质水平组(19.5%、18.5%和17.5%,均添加由赖氨酸、色氨酸、蛋氨酸、缬氨酸和苏氨酸组成的合成氨基酸),每组40个重复,每个重复1头,饲养到仔猪断奶.结果表明:1)18.5%组仔猪断奶窝重和窝增重显著高于17.5%组(P<0.05),与19.5%组差异不显著(P>0.05).蛋白质水平对母猪日均采食量、背膘损失及断奶后发情间隔影响不显著(P>0.05);2)18.5%组血浆尿素氮水平显著低于17.5%组(P<0.05),与19.5%组差异不显著(P>0.05);18.5%组血浆部分氨基酸浓度显著低于17.5%组和19.5%组(P<0.05),乳中部分氨基酸浓度显著高于19.5%组和17.5%组(P<0.05);3)各组氮表观消化率无显著差异(P>0.05);蛋白质水平每降低1个百分点,粪氮排泄减少6.0%.由结果可知,夏季高温环境下(平均温度为29.5℃),哺乳母猪饲粮添加5种合成氨基酸,蛋白质水平为18.5%时哺乳母猪生产性能最佳.  相似文献   

3.
选用体重、体况和背膘厚相近的健康荣昌猪经产分娩母猪24头,随机分为4个处理,分别饲喂可消化赖氨酸(DLys)水平为0.70%、0.80%、0.90%和1.0%的等能、等氨基酸模式的玉米-豆粕-麦麸型日粮。通过考察其繁育性能和血清生化指标,确定荣昌猪哺乳母猪适宜的DLys水平。结果表明:①饲粮可消化赖氨酸水平显著影响哺乳母猪发情间隔和哺乳仔猪的窝增重(P<0.05),而对母猪哺乳期失重和采食量影响不显著(P>0.05);②饲粮可消化赖氨酸水平对哺乳母猪血清尿素氮和甘油三酯具有显著影响(P<0.05);其他血液指标则不受饲粮赖氨酸水平的影响。由此可知,泌乳母猪饲粮适宜的可消化赖氨酸和粗蛋白水平分别为0.8%和15.2%。  相似文献   

4.
本试验旨在研究母猪饲粮添加β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸(HMB)对母猪繁殖性能及仔猪生长性能和免疫功能的影响。选取20头3～6胎次、妊娠74 d的"长×大"母猪,随机分成2组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头母猪,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在对照组基础饲粮中添加2 000 mg/kg HMB。试验从母猪妊娠第74天开始,至仔猪21日龄断奶结束。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组仔猪初生个体重显著提高14.1%(P<0.05),仔猪7、21日龄窝重分别显著提高16.6%、11.7%(P<0.05),仔猪初生至7日龄、初生至21日龄窝增重分别显著提高28.3%和12.5%(P<0.05);与对照组相比,试验组母猪在妊娠第98天和分娩当天血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量分别提高35.3%(P<0.01)、13.0%(P>0.05),免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量分别提高34.7%(P<0.05)、12.6%(P>0.05);与对照组相比,试验组母猪初乳中IgG含量显著提高19.0%(P<0.05),分娩后第14天常乳中IgM含量显著提高21.4%(P<0.05);与对照组相比,试验组仔猪7日龄血浆IgG、IgM含量分别显著提高11.4%和40.1%(P<0.05)。上述结果提示,母猪妊娠后期及哺乳期饲粮中连续添加2 000 mg/kg HMB,可显著提高仔猪初生重和哺乳期增重,改善母猪及仔猪免疫功能。  相似文献   

5.
用10%膨化双低菜籽配制的高能哺乳母猪料可使哺乳母猪泌乳力显著提高,有效降低母猪哺乳期体重损失。膨化双低菜籽型饲粮组仔猪窝增重比普通饲粮组显著提高10.4%,优于膨化大豆型饲粮组;仔猪平均日增重、断奶体重均高于普通饲粮组,且略优于膨化大豆型饲粮组;母猪耗料/仔猪窝增重比普通饲粮改善15.6%,优于膨化大豆型饲粮组,具有经济优势。产仔哺乳期母猪体重损失较普通饲粮组低38.1%,差异显著(P<0.05),且略优于膨化大豆型饲粮组。对母猪再发情时间无不利影响,可提高综合经济效益。  相似文献   

6.
《养猪》2020,(3)
试验旨在研究饲粮添加中草药对哺乳母猪繁殖性能和仔猪腹泻的影响。选取32头预产期相近的长大二元杂种妊娠母猪,按随机区组的方法分成对照组和试验组,每组16个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组母猪饲喂基础饲粮,试验组母猪饲喂在基础饲粮中添加2%中草药的饲粮,试验期37 d。结果表明,与对照组相比,试验组母猪日均泌乳量、产活仔数、断奶窝重、窝增重分别显著提高13.30%(P0.05)、21.24%(P0.05)、12.48%(P0.05)、7.62%(P0.05),初生窝重也有提高,但差异不显著(P0.05),断奶至发情间隔天数和仔猪腹泻率分别显著下降10.50%(P0.05)和27.94%(P0.05)。  相似文献   

7.
为了解不同比例低蛋白氨基酸平衡日粮对断奶仔猪生长性能及氮平衡的影响,试验将96头初始体重9.8 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪随机分成4个处理,每个处理分别饲喂含不同蛋白水平的玉米-豆粕型饲粮(20%CP、19%CP、18%CP和17%CP),通过补充合成氨基酸,使各处理组的氨基酸与要求相一致。正式试验期为28 d,测定断奶仔猪生长性能、氮平衡指标。结果表明,日粮蛋白水平降至18%时,不会影响断奶仔猪生长性能,且显著降低尿氮、粪氮和总氮排放量(P<0.01);但随着日粮蛋白水平进一步降至17%时,显著降低仔猪平均日增重(P<0.01),显著增加料重比(P<0.01);18%CP组与17%CP组总氮排放量、氮表观利用率、氮表观生物学效价差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明添加合成氨基酸满足断奶仔猪需要,将日粮蛋白水平降至18%,不仅不会影响仔猪生长性能,而且还会降低氮排放,减少环境污染。  相似文献   

8.
试验选用7～10日龄平均体重3.0～4.0kg的健康杜洛克哺乳仔猪20窝,每窝8头,母猪胎次为3～5胎。试验分为4个处理组,根据体重采用随机单位组的试验设计,即将每批7～10日龄体重相近的4窝仔猪分别放在4个处理内,形成一个单位组,每个处理5个重复,每个重复8头仔猪。分批进入预试,至14日龄正式进入试验。哺乳阶段(14～35日龄)在基础饲粮中分别添加0%、5%、10%、15%的乳酸菌素,断奶阶段(35～70日龄)在基础饲粮中分别相应添加0%、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%的乳酸菌素。试验结果,(1)在哺乳仔猪饲粮中添加乳酸菌素对仔猪的生产性能、粗纤维表观消化率、腹泻、粪pH和粪中大肠杆菌数量没有明显的影响。(2)在断奶仔猪饲粮中添加0.4%的乳酸菌素组与对照组相比可极显著提高断奶仔猪的日增重,料重比比对照组降低5.9%(P>0.05);显著提高粗纤维的表观消化率,其它各种养分的表观消化率有随着乳酸菌素添加量增加而提高的趋势;粪中大肠杆菌数量比对照组显著减少,粪pH比对照组下降0.2;抑制了仔猪的腹泻。(3)从整个仔猪阶段(14～70日龄)综合各方面的效果来看,哺乳仔猪饲粮中添加10%、断奶仔猪饲粮中添加0.4%的乳酸菌素可极显著提高日增重;提高粗纤维的表观消化率;明显降低粪中大肠杆菌数量,从而减少了仔猪腹泻的发生。  相似文献   

9.
试验主要研究在饲粮中添加葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)对母猪繁殖性能和哺乳仔猪生长性能的影响。试验选用18头体质量、胎次和体况相近的健康妊娠后期母猪,完全随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每重复1头母猪。其中Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础妊娠和哺乳饲粮;Ⅱ和Ⅲ组为试验组,在基础饲粮基础上添加GOD100和200 g/t饲料。试验从预产期前30 d(妊娠85 d)开始,到仔猪28 d断奶,共58 d。结果表明:试验组的平均每窝产仔数和出生窝质量相比对照组分别提高0.50及0.34头和1.40及0.97 kg,其中100 g/t加酶组出生窝质量与对照组相比显著提高(P0.05);试验组比对照组仔猪断奶均质量和平均日增质量显著提高,腹泻率显著降低(P0.05)。因此,在母猪饲粮中添加GOD可有效改善母猪繁殖性能和哺乳仔猪生长性能。  相似文献   

10.
为了研究植物乳杆菌对母猪、仔猪粪便微生物及饲料表观消化率的影响,试验选择2~4胎的大白母猪200头,随机分为2组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加250 g/kg植物乳杆菌。试验从母猪确认妊娠当天开始,至仔猪断奶后7天结束。结果表明:试验组母猪粪便中乳酸菌数量在妊娠第45天、第90天和哺乳第7天均显著高于对照组(P0.05);试验组母猪粪便中大肠杆菌数量均低于对照组,哺乳第7天时试验组与对照组之间差异显著(P0.05);试验组仔猪粪便中乳酸菌数量在断奶前第7天、断奶后第7天均显著高于对照组(P0.05),大肠杆菌数量均显著低于对照组(P0.05);试验组母猪在妊娠90天时,粗蛋白、磷和无氮浸出物的表观消化率均显著高于对照组(P0.05),哺乳第7天时干物质、粗蛋白、磷和无氮浸出物的表观消化率均显著高于对照组(P0.05);试验组仔猪在断奶前第7天时粗蛋白、粗纤维、磷和无氮浸出物的表观消化率均显著高于对照组(P0.05),断奶后第7天时干物质、粗蛋白、磷和无氮浸出物的表观消化率显著高于对照组(P0.05)。说明母猪、仔猪日粮中添加植物乳杆菌可提高其粪便中的乳酸菌数量,降低大肠杆菌数量,改善母猪饲料消化率及产后肠道微生态平衡,提高断奶仔猪饲料消化率,降低断奶应激,缓解断奶应激引起的仔猪生产性能及健康水平的下降。  相似文献   

11.
This study evaluated the effects of supplementing sow diets with oregano essential oils (OEO) during gestation and lactation on sow colostrum and milk composition and on the growth pattern and immune status of suckling pigs. A total of 70 second-parity sows were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 gestation dietary treatments within 24 h after service: control (CON) or CON + 250 mg/kg of OEO (OREG). In lactation, sows were again assigned to either the CON or OREG dietary treatment. Thus, the lactation treatments were CON-CON, CON-OREG, OREG-CON, and OREG-OREG. Colostrum and blood samples were collected from 6 sows per lactation dietary treatment. Thymus lymphocyte (T lymphocyte) subpopulations (γδ, cluster of differentiation 8, and 32 cluster of differentiation 4) were enumerated in blood and mammary secretions along with IGF-1, IgG, and IgA concentrations. Piglet growth rate were determined from 18, 17, 17, and 18 litters from the CON-CON, CON-OREG, OREG-CON, and OREG-OREG lactation dietary treatments, respectively. Growth rates were determined in 630 piglets, and piglets were individually identified and weighed on 1, 5, 9, 12, 16, and 19 d of age. Oregano essential oil supplementation during gestation or lactation had no effect (P > 0.05) on GE, CP, GE:CP, GE:fat, and IGF-1 in sow milk. Reductions of the fat percentage in milk on d 7 (P < 0.05) and d 14 (P = 0.07) were found in sows supplemented with OEO during lactation compared with those in the CON treatment. Milk from sows supplemented with OEO during lactation had the greatest number of T lymphocytes compared with those in the lactation CON treatment on d 14 of lactation (P < 0.01). The number of T lymphocytes in milk was greater for sows in the CON-OREG treatment compared with those other treatments on d 14 of lactation (P < 0.05). Energy intake was greater on d 1 to 5 in piglets from sows fed OEO during gestation than those from sows in the CON treatment (P < 0.05). A trend (P = 0.10) for greater milk intake was observed in piglets from sows supplemented with OEO during gestation compared with those from sows in the CON treatment. Similarly, a tendency for an increase in ADG on d 1 to 5 was found in piglets from sows supplemented with OEO during gestation compared with those from sows in the CON treatment (P = 0.10). Insulin-like growth factor-1 at birth and on d 7 and 14 of lactation did not differ among piglets from sows assigned to the different dietary treatments. Oregano essential oil supplementation of sow diets did not affect (P > 0.05) immunoglobulin concentrations in piglets after suckling. Supplementing sow diets with OEO during gestation or lactation did not affect (P > 0.05) the T lymphocytes, percentage of T-lymphocyte subpopulations, and natural killer cell activity of piglets during lactation. Supplementing sow diets with 250 mg/kg of OEO during gestation and lactation did not affect the growth potential of and immune responses in suckling piglets.  相似文献   

12.
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different ratios of n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in sow diets on the performance of lactating sows and their piglets at low digestible energy intakes.Twenty-one pregnant Landrace sows were assigned to one of three diets from day 108 of gestation until weaning (26 to 29 d),containing n-6∶n-3 PUFA ratios of 3∶1,8∶1 and 11∶1.The effects on sow and litter production traits and on sow body condition were examined.There were no differences among treatments in daily feed intakes or in changes in sow weight and back-fat levels during lactation.Litter size,litter weight at birth and weaning and litter average daily weight gain were also unaffected by treatment.As expected,large differences were observed in n-6 and n-3 fatty acids in the colostrum and plasma of sows and piglets (P ＜ 0.01 ).The ratio of n-6∶n-3 PUFA the diet was positively correlated with those in colostrum,sow plasma and piglet plasma ( R2 =0.55,0.80 and 0.80,respectively).Sow plasma insulin and IGF-I levels at weaning were unaffected by the treatments.Plasma leptin ( P ＜ 0.05) concentrations were increased in sows fed the diet with a n-6∶ n-3 ratio of 8∶1.Immunoglobulin concentrations in colostrum were not altered by dietary treatment.Plasma IgG concentrations at d 14 were highest in piglets from sows fed the 8∶1 ratio of n-6∶n-3.Furthermore,this group had the highest IgA concentrations at day 21 of lactation compared with the other two groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ).In summary,our study demonstrated that at low digestible energy levels,altering the ratio of n-6∶n-3 PUFA in the diets for lactating sows affected immune components and the fatty acid composition of lactating sows and their piglets.Further studies are needed to examine whether higher levels of fat supplementation than those used in the present study ( 1.5％ ) can successfully enhance performance.  相似文献   

13.
Twelve lactating sows were used to evaluate the effects of reducing dietary crude protein (CP) (14% vs. 12%) and increasing neutral detergent fibre (NDF) levels (18% vs. 22%) on litter performance, total tract apparent digestibility and manure composition in a 4 × 4 latin square arrangement during a 36‐day lactation period. Diets were isoenergetic (2.9 Mcal ME/kg) and had similar total lysine content (0.9%). In addition, a second aim was to compare a reference external marker method (Cr2O3) with an internal feed marker [acid‐insoluble ash (AIA)] for the calculation of apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients in lactating sows. The reduction of dietary CP level in lactating sows had no effect on either live‐weight or backfat thickness or apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients. However, the piglets' average daily gain (ADG) was reduced in low dietary CP diets, which suggests that sows reduced milk production due to an underestimation of certain essential amino acid requirements (e.g. valine). The increase of dietary NDF level did not affect sow and litter performance. Nevertheless, the total tract apparent digestibility of organic matter, CP and carbohydrates was reduced, and ether extract digestion was increased in high NDF compared to normal NDF diets equally balanced for ME and lysine content. The coefficients of total tract apparent digestibility of nutrients in lactating sows were greater when using AIA compared to Cr2O3 marker, regardless of dietary CP or NDF level, but their coefficients of variation were lower in the former than in the latter. In lactating sows, a trade‐off between litter performance and nutrient digestion is established when reducing dietary CP or increasing NDF levels while maintaining similar lysine content through synthetic amino acids and balancing metabolizable energy through dietary fat sources.  相似文献   

14.
Two hundred eighty-seven lactating Newsham sows and their litters were used to determine the effects of intensive indoor (n = 147) and intensive outdoor (n = 140) production systems on sow and litter productivity and behavior. All sows were of contemporary age and fed a completely balanced sorghum-based diet. Behavior data were collected by live observation on 40 sows and litters (20 indoor and 20 outdoor) using a 5-min scan sample over a 4-h period in the afternoon (1400 to 1800). The durations of lying (90.0 vs 72.1 +/- 2.76% of time observed) and drinking (4.42 vs 1.41 +/- 0.6% of time observed) were higher (P < 0.01) among indoor than among outdoor lactating sows. Nursing interval and feeding and sitting behaviors were not different (P > 0.05) between production systems. Piglets spent more (P < 0.05) time walking (10.1 vs 5.2 +/- 1.72% of time observed) and engaged in play activity (5.0 vs 1.7 +/- 1.26% of time observed) when housed outdoors than indoors. Outdoor piglets had more (P < 0.05) nursing behaviors directed toward the sow (27.5 vs 20.3 +/- 2.02% of time observed) but time spent in contact with the sow did not differ between environments (38.8 vs 39.2 +/- 2.78% of time observed). Treatments did not influence (P > 0.05) any of the sow or piglet production parameters. In conclusion, outdoor-kept Newsham sows and their piglets showed a richer behavioral repertoire, but the diverse environments did not influence production parameters.  相似文献   

15.
本试验旨在比较研究中药渣和发酵中药渣对泌乳母猪及其仔猪血浆生化参数和抗氧化能力的影响,为其在母猪饲粮配方中的应用提供依据。试验选用2~4胎次、预产期相近的二元母猪60头,随机分为3组,每组20头。3组在基础饲粮中分别添加2 kg/t米糠(对照组)、2 kg/t中药渣制剂(中药渣组)和2 kg/t发酵中药渣制剂(发酵中药渣组)。从产前21 d开始饲喂,到产后28 d结束。分别于母猪产后1、7、14和21 d,每组随机选取6头母猪,耳缘静脉采血;于仔猪7、14和21日龄,每组随机选取6头仔猪,前腔静脉采血。所采血样分离血浆,测定生化参数和抗氧化指标。结果表明:与对照组相比,中药渣组母猪产后7 d的血浆总蛋白(TP)和球蛋白(GLB)含量以及14 d的血浆GLB含量均显著降低(P0.05),产后1 d的血浆碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC),7 d的血浆丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和ALP活性,14 d的血浆ALT和ALP活性,21 d的血浆ALT活性均显著升高(P0.05);发酵中药渣组母猪产后1 d的血浆天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、CAT活性和T-AOC,14 d的血浆AST和ALP活性均显著升高(P0.05);中药渣组14日龄仔猪的血浆ALP活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量均显著降低(P0.05),14日龄的血浆T-AOC显著升高(P0.05);发酵中药渣组7日龄仔猪的血浆ALP活性和T-AOC均显著升高(P0.05),14日龄仔猪的血浆MDA含量显著降低(P0.05)。上述结果表明,母猪饲粮中添加中药渣或发酵中药渣可影响泌乳母猪及其仔猪的机体代谢,增强机体抗氧化能力。  相似文献   

16.
Sixty-two multiparous Large White sows were used to determine the effect of dietary fiber level on lactation performance according to season under conditions of a humid tropical climate. This experiment was conducted in Guadeloupe (West French Indies, lat 16 degrees N, long 61 degrees W) between October 1999 and January 2001. Two seasons were distinguished a posteriori from climatic measurements parameters continuously recorded in the farrowing room. During the warm season, ambient temperature and relative humidity averaged 25 degrees C and 86.8%, respectively. The corresponding values for the hot season were 27.5 degrees C and 83.5%. Experimental diets fed during lactation were a control diet (C; 14% neutral detergent fiber) and a high-fiber diet (HF; 20% neutral detergent fiber) obtained by substitution of wheat middlings by wheat bran. The two diets were formulated to provide the same ratios between essential amino acids and lysine and between lysine and net energy. No interaction between season and diet composition was found for all criteria studied. Over the 28-d lactation, average daily feed intake (ADFI) was lower and body weight loss was higher (P < 0.001) during the hot season compared to the warm season (3,447 vs 4,907 g/d and 33 vs 17 kg, respectively). The number of stillborn piglets was higher (P < 0.05) during the hot season than during the warm season (2.0 vs 1.1 piglets, respectively). Litter growth rate and mean BW of piglets at weaning were reduced (P < 0.01) during the hot season vs the warm season (2.1 vs 2.3 kg/d and 7.7 vs 8.3 kg, respectively). The ADFI was similar for both diets and digestible energy (DE) intake tended to be lower (P = 0.06) with the HF diet (54.9 vs 59.3 MJ of DE/d for C sows) in relation with its lower DE concentration. The body weight loss was greater (P < 0.01) for HF sows than for C sows (30 vs 21 kg). Compared with the C diet, the HF diet increased (P < 0.05) litter growth rate and piglet body weight at weaning (2.3 vs 2.1 kg/d and 8.3 vs 7.7 kg/d for HF vs C, respectively). Season and diet composition did not affect the weaning-to-estrus interval. In conclusion, the hot season in humid tropical climates, which combines high levels of temperature and humidity, has a major negative effect on the performance of lactating sows.  相似文献   

17.
选用平均体重为(40±2)kg杜长大三元杂交去势公猪3头,按3×3的拉丁方进行试验设计,试验分3期,每期为7 d,采用全收粪法,研究不同蛋白质(CP)水平的氨基酸平衡日粮CP水平分别为14%、16%和18%)对氮、磷及能量代谢的影响。结果表明:不同蛋白质水平日粮处理间的氮表观消化率差异不显(著P>0.05),氮的沉积率以14%CP和16%CP组显著高于18%CP组(P<0.05),而14%CP和16%CP组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。粪氮排出量14%CP日粮组显著低于16%CP和18%CP日粮组(P<0.05),16%CP日粮组和18%CP日粮组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。随着日粮蛋白质水平下降,生长猪的氮排出量、粪氮和尿氮均减少,总排泄氮中尿氮的比例较大,而粪氮则较少。不同蛋白质水平日粮对磷和能量的消化利用无显著影响(P>0.05)。  相似文献   

18.
本试验旨在比较2种不同剂型酸化剂对哺乳母猪生产性能、初乳成分和肠道菌群结构的影响。试验选择30头体况相近、预产期接近的2~4胎长大二元杂交母猪,随机分成3个组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头母猪。在试验期间各组母猪分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)、基础饲粮+0.3%吸附型酸化剂(A组)、基础饲粮+0.1%微囊型酸化剂(B组)。预试期7 d(母猪分娩前7天)、正试期26 d(从母猪分娩开始至泌乳结束)。结果表明:与对照组相比,A组和B组母猪的泌乳期平均日采食量分别提高4.9%(P0.05)和5.3%(P0.05),仔猪断奶均重分别提高2.6%(P0.05)和7.4%(P0.05)。A组和B组的母猪初乳中乳脂、乳蛋白、尿氮素、免疫球蛋白G和免疫球蛋白A含量均高于对照组(P0.05),而乳糖含量则低于对照组(P0.05)。与对照组相比,B组母猪饲粮蛋白质消化率显著提高(P0.05),且粪便中大肠杆菌数量显著降低(P0.05);A组母猪粪便中大肠杆菌数量显著降低(P0.05)。由此可见,微囊型酸化剂在提高仔猪断奶重以及哺乳母猪饲粮蛋白质消化率和改善肠道菌群结构方面有一定功效,而吸附型酸化剂在改善哺乳母猪肠道菌群结构方面有一定功效。  相似文献   

19.
A total of 15 primiparous sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) and their litters were used in the current study to evaluate the efficacy of cellulase supplementation on the production performance of sows and piglets. Pigs were randomly allocated into one of three treatments with five replicates per treatment. The dietary treatments were as follows: (i) CON (corn‐soybean meal‐based control); (ii) EZ1 (CON + 0.05% cellulase); and (iii) EZ2 (CON + 0.10% cellulase). The supplementation of cellulase had no effect (P > 0.05) on body weight and feed intake of lactating sows. At weaning, back fat thickness loss decreased (P = 0.04) linearly in EZ1 and EZ2 treatments. The average daily gain (ADG) of piglets increased (linear P = 0.06, quadratic P = 0.04)) during days 14 to 21 as well as at days 21 to 25 (linear P = 0.03 and quadratic P = 0.01) with the increase in the level of supplemented enzyme. Dry matter and nitrogen digestibility increased (linear P = 0.01) in lactating sows fed EZ1 and EZ2 diet compared with CON. In conclusion, it is suggested that cellulase supplementation to corn‐soybean meal based diet exerts beneficial effects to sows in reducing their back fat thickness loss at weaning and also helps to improve nutrient digestibility. It also helped to improve the ADG of piglets.  相似文献   

20.
Twenty-four sows (12 nulliparous, 12 multiparous) were used to determine soluble fiber (SF) and insoluble fiber (ISF) effects on energy digestibility, N balance, and SF and ISF digestibility. Experimental diets included a corn-soybean meal control (C; 1.20% SF, 9.78% ISF), a 34% oat bran diet high in SF (HS; 3.02% SF, 10.11% ISF), a 12% wheat straw diet high in ISF (HIS; 1.11% SF, 17.86% ISF), and a 16% sugar beet pulp diet (HS + HIS; 2.32% SF, 16.08% ISF). Sows were assigned randomly to diets within parity group and individually fed to meet their energy requirements according to the NRC model assuming 10 pigs per litter and 40 kg of gestation gain. Total feces and urine were collected in 5-d periods at wk 5, 10, and 14 of gestation. There were no interactions between dietary treatments and parity group for any of the response criteria evaluated. Dietary energy digestibility was greatest (P < 0.01) for females fed C (87.9%) and HS (89.3%) diets compared with females fed diets high in ISF (HIS, 82.9; HS + HIS, 86.8%). Energy digestibility was not affected by stage of gestation. Dietary N digestibility was similar between C and HS (86.1 and 86.2%) but greater (P < 0.01) than HIS and HS + HIS (82.8 and 82.8%, respectively). Nitrogen digestibility declined (P < 0.05) as gestation progressed for sows fed HS only. Nitrogen retention as a percentage of N intake was not affected by diet (C, 51.8; HS, 44.0; HIS, 42.0; HS + HIS, 48.6). Soluble fiber digestibility was different (P < 0.01) among experimental diets (C, 85.8; HS, 89.5; HIS, 77.7; HS + HIS, 80.3%). Sows fed HS + HIS (61.8%) and HS (58.4%) had greater (P < 0.05) ISF digestibility than sows fed C (53.5%), whereas sows fed HIS (38.3%) had lower (P < 0.01) ISF digestibility than sows fed the other experimental diets. Greater digestibility of dietary energy (87.1 vs. 86.2%; P < 0.05), N (85.7 vs. 83.2%; P < 0.01), and ISF (54.5 vs. 51.2%; P < 0.06) was observed in multiparous vs. nulliparous sows. In conclusion, increased intake of ISF decreased energy digestibility, whereas increasing SF intake improved energy digestibility. Diet had no effect on N retention. Insoluble fiber digestibility improved when SF intake increased, suggesting that knowledge of specific dietary fiber components is necessary to accurately predict effects of dietary fiber on digestibility. Multiparous sows demonstrated a greater ability to digest fibrous diets than nulliparous sows.  相似文献   

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