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随着人民生活水平的不断提高,饲养宠物的数量和种类越来越多.同时人畜共患病、SARS等给我们带来的恐慌以及宠物粪便污染等社会问题也不容忽视.从公共卫生的观点看,人畜共患病大多数由动物传染给人类[1].所以由宠物引起的人畜共患病应该引起人们高度的警惕.为此,我们调查了目前太原市及其周边地区的宠物饲养数量、种类及其人畜共患病的发病情况并加以分析,为城市宠物饲养管理与宠物主人及其周围人群提供参考. 相似文献
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随着宠物养殖量的增加,宠物疫病也越来越受到人们的关注。宠物源性人兽共患病不仅危害宠物养殖业的健康发展,而且严重危害了人类健康甚至于生命安全。早期诊断对有效预防和控制宠物源性人畜共患病有重要意义。酶联免疫吸附试验具有操作简单、快速、敏感性高、特异性强等优点,在宠物疫病检测中发挥的作用越来越大。本文对酶联免疫吸附试验在犬源性人兽共患病中的狂犬病、弓形虫病、布鲁氏茵病和钩端螺旋体病检测上的应用与研究进展进行综述,旨在促进该技术在宠物疾病检测方面的应用与推广。 相似文献
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宋敏杰 《河南畜牧兽医(综合版)》2020,(2):39-40
近些年来,随着社会经济的快速发展和人民生活水平的不断提升,我国宠物事业得到了可持续发展的重要契机与良好的社会环境。宠物越来越频繁地出现在人们的生活中,随之而来的宠物源性人畜共患病也相应增多,宠物疫病的控制已经成为社会共同关注的话题。 相似文献
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宠物检疫的现状及对策 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
近年来 ,随着人民生活水平的提高 ,饲养宠物越来越普遍 ,种类也不断增加。在数量上占绝对优势的主要是鱼、鸟、猫、犬等。其中与人类关系较密切 ,易引发人畜共患病的主要是犬和猫。1 目前我国宠物饲养的现状随着饲养业的发展 ,宠物市场也在不断扩展。目前 ,我国狗和猫的饲养量分别超过 2亿只和 1亿只 ,而这些动物作为宠物饲养时与人的关系特别密切 ,因此狗、猫传播人畜共患病的问题应予以高度的关注。2 可在人与宠物之间传播的常见病在家养宠物中 ,主要是狗、猫与人之间存在可相互传播的人畜共患病。目前已为人们所知的狗、猫的人畜共患病… 相似文献
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宠物源性人畜共患病的诊断与防治 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
宠物作为人类的朋友,与人类密切接触,宠物相关的人畜共患传染病不可避免地威胁着人类的健康,宠物疫病的控制已成为国际社会共同关注的问题之一.世界上已发现的人畜共患病有200多种,其中与宠物犬、猫有直接或间接关系的达70多种. 相似文献
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Approximately 63% of US households have at least one pet, a large percentage of which are considered family members. Pet owners can derive substantial physical and psychological benefits from interaction with companion animals. However, pet ownership is not without risks; zoonotic diseases are increasingly drawing the attention of healthcare professionals, policy makers and the general public. While zoonoses of 'traditional' pets are widely recognized and their prevention and treatment factors are generally known, the growing popularity of 'non-traditional' pets has the potential to facilitate human exposure to novel zoonoses. However, the greatest risk of zoonoses probably arises from animals taken directly from the wild to serve as pets. Non-governmental organizations, state veterinary associations and others have been calling for increased regulation of animal imports, some proposing that all 'exotics' be banned from the pet trade. Because zoonotic diseases of companion animals are influenced by interacting factors of ecological, technical, socio-economic, and political origin, efforts to minimize their impact need be multi-dimensional, simultaneously addressing both the ecological and socio-political drivers of disease emergence and transmission. This study is intended to serve as a primer for animal care professionals seeking to engage with policy makers and the pet industry on the prevention of companion animal zoonoses. We provide background on the human-animal bond, risks of zoonoses associated with groups of companion animals, and the public policy context, as well as identify the factors needed to build a comprehensive approach to companion animal zoonoses risk management. Also included are examples of innovative, non-regulatory initiatives designed to limit the spread and impact of companion animal zoonoses, including a reptile salmonella poster, the National Reptile Improvement Plan, Habitattitude campaign, Pet Zoonoses Committee, and a wildlife disease surveillance initiative known as Project TripWire. 相似文献
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Davies Mubika Pfukenyi S. L. Chipunga L. Dinginya E. Matenga 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(2):247-252
A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was carried out in Harare to assess pet ownership and public awareness with regard to pet zoonoses. The questionnaire was designed to obtain information on pet ownership, health and welfare of pets, pet owners’ knowledge and awareness of pet zoonoses with particular emphasis on hookworms and roundworms. The results demonstrated that the proportion of pet owners who knew helminths as zoonoses in dogs (21.3%) and cats (1.1%) was low compared to rabies (95.7%) with ancylostomosis (4.3%) and toxocariosis (2.1%) being the specific parasitic zoonoses known to occur in dogs and toxoplasmosis (2.1%) in cats. More than 50% of the pet owners indicated that veterinarians never discussed the potential hazards of zoonoses or discussed it only when asked and 33% indicated that veterinarians initiated discussion of the subject whenever zoonoses were diagnosed in pets. Over 90% of the pet owners indicated that veterinarians should discuss zoonoses with them. Further investigations are necessary to determine the current prevalence of intestinal nematode infections in dogs and cats in the various regions of the country. 相似文献
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The food-borne zoonoses are the most important zoonoses in England and Wales measured in terms of human morbidity and mortality and they include the most important emerging infections. Over the past decade there were over 100,000 laboratory reported cases of salmonellosis, about 1–5 per cent with serious extra-intestinal complications with 427 registered deaths; there were nearly 90,000 Campylobacter infections. In salmonellosis the sources and modes of spread of infection are largely known, but veterinary and human public health measures have so far failed to control the disease. In Campylobacter enteritis however, the source and spread in most of the reported cases are unknown and control is not yet possible. Amongst the remaining less common food-borne zoonoses, listeriosis and yersiniosis are most prominent. Both are increasing with food-borne outbreaks of both infections having been reported, but the origin of infection of most cases recorded in England and Wales is not known. Of the new food-borne or water-borne diseases the most common are giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis but in neither is it clear whether the infections are predominantly of human or animal origin. The place of haemorrhagic colitis and of S. zooepidemicus infection is not yet apparent, both may emerge as important zoonoses. Streptobacillary fever, on the other hand, seems unlikely to recur with normal hygienic standards of water and milk supply. Of the occupational zoonoses Q fever and leptospirosis are the most important. Although only 1,330 cases of Q fever were reported in 10 years, it is a severe disease; 123 of them had endocarditis. Leptospirosis probably increased in incidence and emerged as a new disease of farmers and others working with cattle. S. suis type 2, a ‘new’ disease, remained a rarity. Zoonoses acquired from pets made up only a small proportion of human zoonotic infections and the only apparent change was an increase in psittacosis, the reason for which is unknown. Lastly, among the zoonoses acquired from wild and captive animals the viral haemorrhagic fevers have emerged as an important hazard in hospitals and laboratories. 相似文献
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Zoonotic diseases of cats 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
J R August A S Loar 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》1984,14(5):1117-1151
As veterinarians, our responsibilities do not end with the care of our patients. The welfare of our clients and their families depends on our ability to detect and control potentially zoonotic diseases in their pets. Because some of these zoonoses can have devastating effects on the development of the unborn fetus or on family health in general, discussion about these diseases between veterinarian and client is often emotionally charged. Under such circumstances, the offering of inaccurate and erroneous information by the veterinarian can have drastic consequences. It is likely that other zoonotic diseases of domestic pets will be identified in the future, especially those that can cause opportunistic infections in debilitated and immunodeficient persons. In the meantime, the potential hazards of cat ownership can be significantly reduced through an increased understanding of feline diseases and an improved level of health care for our feline patients. 相似文献
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One Health in Practice: A Pilot Project for Integrated Care of Zoonotic Infections in Immunocompromised Children and Their Pets in Chile 
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下载免费PDF全文 A. Peña K. Abarca T. Weitzel J. Gallegos J. Cerda P. García J. López 《Zoonoses and public health》2016,63(5):403-409
Although pets provide physiological and psychological benefits to their owners, they are a potential source of zoonotic infections, especially for vulnerable individuals such as immunocompromised patients. During 1 year, we therefore performed a pilot project, which included 32 immunocompromised Chilean children and their family pets (35 dogs and 9 cats) with the aim of detecting, treating and preventing zoonotic infections. Children were examined by Infectious Diseases paediatricians and demographical and clinical information related to zoonotic infections were recorded. Pets were examined and sampled by veterinarians, who also administered missing routine vaccines and anti‐parasitics. During family visits, all members were informed and educated about zoonoses and a satisfaction survey was performed. Visits also included vector control and indoor residual spraying with pyrethroids. Children were re‐examined and re‐tested according to the findings of their pets, and all detected zoonotic infections were treated both in children and pets. Physical examination revealed abnormalities in 18 dogs (51.4%) and three cats (33.3%). Twenty‐eight (63.6%) of the pets were diagnosed with a zoonotic pathogen, and seven (15.9%) with a facultative pathogen. Most zoonotic agents were isolated from the pet's external ear and intestine. Bacteria with the highest pathogenic potential were Campylobacter jejuni and Brucella canis. In two children and their respective pets, the same zoonotic diseases were diagnosed (toxocariasis and giardiasis). Arthropods serving as potential vectors of zoonotic infections were found in 49% of dogs and 44% of cats. The pilot project was positively evaluated by the participating families. Our pilot project confirmed that pets are reservoir for various zoonotic agents in Chile and that the implementation of an integrated multidisciplinary programme was a valuable tool to prevent, diagnose and treat such zoonotic infections in vulnerable patients such as immunocompromised children. 相似文献
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Gramiccia M 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,181(1):23-30
The leishmanioses are diseases caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, parasites infecting numerous mammal species, including humans, and transmitted by the bite of phlebotomine sand flies. They are a large group of diseases ranging over inter-tropical zones of America and Africa, and extend into temperate regions of Latin America, Europe and Asia. Pet animals are found infected with different Leishmania species but Leishmania infantum is the most widespread being dogs the main reservoir of zoonotic visceral leishmaniosis (ZVL). Dogs are very susceptible to this parasite and may suffer from a complex syndrome, canine leishmaniosis (CanL), one of the major zoonoses globally causing severe fatal disease in this animal. Infections in cats and horses have also been reported in areas where CanL is diagnosed. In Europe dogs and cats are common companion animals and their health is of great concern, therefore management of leishmaniosis in pets generally follows that of human ZVL. The recent spread of Leishmania infections in non-endemic territories has been monitored by means of canine surveys, which represent a suitable approach because of the dog's role as a sentinel host. New tools have been developed for the surveillance and control of ZVL. A number of insecticide-based preparations have been specifically registered for dog protection against sand fly bites, with elevated efficacy for both individual and mass protection. 相似文献
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S K Wong L H Feinstein P Heidmann 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1999,215(3):335-338
Zoonoses, diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans, can pose serious health risks to immunocompromised people. Although pets can carry zoonoses, owning and caring for animals can benefit human health. Information exists about preventing transmission of zoonoses, but not all physicians and veterinarians provide adequate and accurate information to immunocompromised pet owners. This disease prevention/health promotion project provides physicians and veterinarians with information, created specifically to share with patients and clients, about the health risks and benefits of pet ownership. Further, "Healthy Pets, Healthy People" encourages communication between veterinarians, physicians, clients, and patients and can serve as a model program for a nation-wide effort to aid health professionals in making recommendations about pet ownership for immunocompromised people. 相似文献
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The number of people who travel internationally with their pets is increasing. Consequently, veterinarians around the world are more likely to encounter parasitic diseases formerly restricted to certain geographical locations. The purpose of this report is to describe a case of tungiasis, a disease caused by the sand flea Tunga penetrans , in a dog imported from Brazil to Denmark. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of canine T. penetrans infestation in Scandinavia. 相似文献
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Reptiles are growing in popularity as pets.The colonization of reptiles and amphibians by parasites and the resulting disease conditions are the most common problems seen in captive animals.This review focuses on pentastomiasis and sparganosis, important parasitic zoonoses of reptiles and amphibians, respectively, and free living-amoebae. Humans are suitable accidental hosts for some pentastomid species (particularly Armillifer and Porocephalus). In geographical areas with special ethnics, such as in West and Central Africa, and East Asia, 8-45% of the human population can be affected. Usually the larvae are coincidentally found during abdominal surgeries. However, fatalities have been described. Extreme caution is necessary when handling infected reptiles. Ocular or cerebral sparganosis is not uncommonly found in humans in East Asia. This disease is caused by spargana, tapeworm larvae (plerocercoids) of Spirometra sp. The infection occurs when uncooked meat from reptiles or amphibians is applied to wounds or eyes and the parasites migrate directly to human tissue, or by consumption of contaminated food or water. As a consequence of the reptile's predatory behaviour, the full spectrum of endo- and ectoparasites from potential prey animals can be found as transiting parasites in the intestinal tract, e. g. Hymenolepis nana, Cryptosporidium (C.) muris, C parvum or Capillaria hepatica. Occasionally, free-living amoebae are also found in reptile faeces (Acanthamoeba, Naegleria, Hartmanella, Vahlkampfia or Echinamoeba sp.). 相似文献