共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
为了解自噬相关基因Atg2在克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkia)先天免疫中的作用,本研究克隆了克氏原螯虾Atg2 (PcAtg2)基因全长序列。生物信息学分析显示,PcAtg2蛋白编码序列全长为9 966 bp,推测其编码2 189个氨基酸。组织定量表达分布显示,PcAtg2在克氏原螯虾的各个组织中均有表达,其中在肝胰腺中表达最高,在眼柄中表达最低。在白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)感染实验中,PcAtg2基因表达量在不同组织中均呈现显著上调趋势。RNA干扰(RNAi)实验显示,PcAtg2基因沉默后,WSSV在克氏原螯虾体内的增殖明显被抑制,同时,自噬相关基因的表达量上调。透射电镜分析结果显示,在WSSV感染后,PcAtg2基因沉默组中克氏原螯虾肝胰腺组织中的自噬小体多于对照组。本研究结果可为了解克氏原螯虾应对WSSV胁迫下的调控机制提供理论参考。 相似文献
2.
以投喂患白斑综合征病毒病(WSSV)的南美白对虾组织的方法人工感染健康的克氏原螯虾,利用PCR检测实验克氏原螯虾的感染情况;同时比较健康的克氏原螯虾和感染病毒的克氏原螯虾体内ATPase活性.结果显示:白斑综合征病毒可以感染克氏原螯虾,受感染的克氏原螯虾体内病毒含量与其死亡呈正相关;健康的克氏原螯虾和感染病毒的克氏原螯虾体内的ATPase活性分别为7.337 U/mgprot和4.212 U/mgprot,有极其显著的差异. 相似文献
3.
湖北省潜江地区克氏原螯虾白斑综合征PCR诊断及组织病理学观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年来在湖北省范围内人工养殖的克氏原螯虾暴发了严重的疾病,其中白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)已成为危害克氏原螯虾健康养殖的重要病原。2016年5月湖北省潜江市养殖区暴发了一种传染性疾病,为探究此次疾病病因和流行规律,将染病虾进行临床症状观察、对病料进行PCR检测、系统发育树分析、人工感染和组织病理学观察。结果显示,发病克氏原螯虾临床症状主要表现为摄食减少,活力下降,反应迟钝;组织病理学观察结果显示,克氏原螯虾的肝胰腺、肠、肌肉、鳃组织均出现不同程度变性和坏死以及炎性细胞浸润等典型病理学变化,与WSSV感染克氏原螯虾出现的病变相似;PCR检测患病克氏原螯虾样品,结果显示WSSV呈阳性,阳性检出率为55.56%(15/27),未检测到斑节对虾杆状病毒(MBV)和传染性皮下及造血组织坏死病毒(IHHNV);检测产物测序并进行系统发育树分析,结果显示,该基因序列与WSSV的EG3株(KR083866.1)核苷酸序列同源性为100%。将病虾的肝胰腺、肠和肌肉组织投喂健康克氏原螯虾,投喂组均表现为急性死亡(累积死亡率为100%),并出现与自然发病虾相同的症状。WSSV的巢式PCR检测结果显示,人工感染病虾为WSSV阳性。根据以上显示,本次养殖克氏原螯虾大规模死亡的病原是WSSV。 相似文献
4.
近年来在湖北省范围内人工养殖的克氏原螯虾暴发了严重的疾病,其中白斑综合征病毒（WSSV）已成为危害克氏原螯虾健康养殖的重要病原。2016年5月湖北省潜江市养殖区暴发了一种传染性疾病,为探究此次疾病病因和流行规律,将染病虾进行临床症状观察、对病料进行PCR检测、系统发育树分析、人工感染和组织病理学观察。结果显示,发病克氏原螯虾临床症状主要表现为摄食减少,活力下降,反应迟钝;组织病理学观察结果显示,克氏原螯虾的肝胰腺、肠、肌肉、鳃组织均出现不同程度变性和坏死以及炎性细胞浸润等典型病理学变化,与WSSV感染克氏原螯虾出现的病变相似;PCR检测患病克氏原螯虾样品,结果显示WSSV呈阳性,阳性检出率为55.56%（15/27）,未检测到斑节对虾杆状病毒（MBV）和传染性皮下及造血组织坏死病毒（IHHNV）;检测产物测序并进行系统发育树分析,结果显示,该基因序列与WSSV的EG3株（KR083866.1）核苷酸序列同源性为100%。将病虾的肝胰腺、肠和肌肉组织投喂健康克氏原螯虾,投喂组均表现为急性死亡（累积死亡率为100%）,并出现与自然发病虾相同的症状。WSSV的巢式PCR检测结果显示,人工感染病虾为WSSV阳性。根据以上显示,本次养殖克氏原螯虾大规模死亡的病原是WSSV。 相似文献
5.
红螯光壳螯虾(Cherax quadricarinatus)酚氧化酶原基因的克隆与表达分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为深入了解红螯光壳螯虾酚氧化酶原(proPO)基因的非特异性免疫机制,利用RACE技术从红螯光壳螯虾血细胞中克隆到酚氧化酶原基因cqproPO,cqproPO基因cDNA全长为2 962 bp,开放阅读框为1 998 bp,编码665个氨基酸,其结构中含有两个铜离子结合位点,预测分子量为75.86 ku;同源性比对结果显示,红螯光壳螯虾CqproPO与克氏原螯虾酚氧化酶原的同源性最高为79％,其次是淡水螯虾74％、挪威龙虾69％、美国龙虾67％等;进化分析发现CqproPO与克氏原鳌虾、淡水螯虾、挪威龙虾、美国龙虾等的酚氧化酶原亲缘关系最近;Realtime-PCR实验结果表明,CqproPO在血细胞中表达水平最高,其次是肠、触角腺、鳃等;在肝胰腺中有适量表达;WSSV感染后红螯光壳螯虾CqproPO mRNA在血细胞、肝胰腺和鳃组织中具有不同的时空表达趋势,但感染组和免疫后感染组mRNA表达量分别在感染后12h和24 h达到最大值,且在3种组织中2个感染组的CqproPO表达量为对照组的1.3 ～2.55倍,显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),之后cqproPO基因的转录水平明显下降.免疫后再受病毒感染的虾,CqproPO mRNA的表达量在3种组织中总体高于感染组,感染7d后的免疫保护率达到51.86％,表明免疫增强剂可使机体的抗病毒能力增强,对防御WSSV感染具有一定的免疫保护作用. 相似文献
6.
为探明高温应激对克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkia)抗病力的影响,分别采用30℃和35℃水温进行高温应激试验,应激前和应激后3、6、12、24和48 h分别采集血淋巴样本,测定总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、溶菌酶(LYZ)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)以及碱性磷酸酶(ALP)等免疫相关酶类指标。并在上述高温应激下开展白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)人工感染实验,同时设置25℃为阳性和阴性对照组,于感染后3、6、12、24、48、72 h取鳃组织定量测定WSSV在组织中的载量,同时记录克氏原螯虾的发病和死亡情况,统计累积死亡率。结果显示,克氏原螯虾血淋巴中的T-SOD与LYZ含量在高温应激后都出现了显著性降低,而PPO、ACP和ALP的变化差异不大。在35℃饲养条件下,WSSV在克氏原螯虾体内的增殖受到抑制,实验虾发病慢,累积死亡率相对较低,但在30℃饲养条件下,WSSV在克氏原螯虾体内的增殖较常温(25℃)下更活跃,发病和死亡更快。结果表明,高温应激能导致克氏原螯虾机体非特异性免疫力降低,30℃时能加快克氏原螯虾感染WSSV的发病进程,而35℃时因病毒复制被抑制而导致疾病的发展受阻。 相似文献
7.
白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)在市售克氏原螯虾中携带情况调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年来白斑综合征成为制约克氏原螯虾养殖的重要病害。对市场销售的克氏原螯虾抽样调查,采用PCR仪检测白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)的携带情况,结果为:湖泊养殖的克氏原螯虾不携带WSSV,池塘单养的克氏原螯虾及江河野生克氏原螯虾携带WSSV。 相似文献
8.
分析了克氏原螯虾Procambarus clarkia人工感染白斑综合征病毒(White Spot Syndrome Virus,WSSV)后,其血细胞吞噬(Phagocytosis)活性,肝胰腺酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性的变化规律,其目的是为WSSV感染与螯虾的免疫防御反应等研究提供依据.分析结果显示,随着WSSV感染克氏原螯虾时间的延长,血细胞吞噬活性、肝胰腺酸性磷酸酶(ACP)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性也随之改变,其中血细胞吞噬活性的变化规律性比较明显,可作为WSSV感染的敏感指标,也可以用作间接指示克氏原螯虾健康状况的指标.而在不同的感染时间,克氏原螯虾肝胰腺ACP与AKP的活性波动较大,无明显的规律可循,难以作为WSSV感染的敏感指标. 相似文献
9.
养殖克氏原螯虾体内白斑综合征病毒的绝对定量分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
近年来克氏原螯虾的养殖受到WSSV的威胁,病毒在宿主组织中的绝对定量对于了解病毒的致病性具有重要意义,但克氏原螯虾组织中WSSV的绝对定量分布还有待研究。实验调查了湖北省5个主养区克氏原螯虾WSSV的感染率,结果表明80%以上克氏原螯虾都携带有WSSV。采用WSSV-VP28蛋白特异性抗体对克氏原螯虾提取蛋白进行Western Blot检测,在WSSV-PCR阳性样品中可检测到VP28特异性条带,在WSSV-PCR阴性样品中没有检测到相应条带。采用实验室建立的WSSV绝对定量PCR方法,对携带病毒的克氏原螯虾6个组织(鳃、胃、肠、血淋巴细胞、肝胰腺和心脏)进行检测。结果表明,在鳃、胃和肠可检测到较多病毒量(约108拷贝/mg),其次是血淋巴细胞(107拷贝/mg)、肝胰腺(106拷贝/mg),在心脏中病毒的含量最低(103拷贝/mg),表明病毒的复制存在组织特异性。结果显示WSSV主要存在于消化系统中,预示着克氏原螯虾可能主要在摄食过程中感染WSSV;不同地区克氏原螯虾组织病毒携带量表现出一定差异,预示着WSSV感染可能受到环境因素的影响。 相似文献
10.
注射白斑综合征病毒对克氏原螯虾酚氧化酶活力的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将白斑综合征病毒(white spot syndrome virus,WSSV)、嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila,Ah)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)(DH5α)用注射法接种克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii),在0~72 h之间定时检测克氏原螯虾血细胞和肝胰脏中酚氧化酶(Phenoloxidase,PO)活力变化。结果显示:(1)0.1 mg/m L和1 mg/m L胰蛋白酶处理样品后,样品间差异不显著。(2)加胰蛋白酶处理与未加胰蛋白酶相比,供试克氏原螯虾PO活力均升高。(3)未加胰蛋白酶与加胰蛋白酶表现出相似的特征,WSSV和Ah注射组与对照组相比均表现为,12~48 h PO活力显著高于对照组,并且在48 h达到最大值,72 h时基本恢复正常;注射DH5α组与对照组相比没有显著性变化。可见感染WSSV后,克氏原螯虾体内酚氧化酶活力发生了变化,由此推测,PO参与了螯虾体内抵御病毒的免疫反应。 相似文献
11.
Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
12.
13.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
14.
Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
15.
16.
Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
17.
Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
18.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
19.
Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
20.