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海南省部分热带灌木饲用价值评定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验旨在评定海南省部分热带灌木的饲用价值。试验通过常规化学成分分析和体外产气技术测定了18种热带灌木主要营养成分含量、体外产气量(GP)、体外干物质消化率(IVDMD)和代谢能(ME),并对营养成分与GP、IVDMD和ME进行相关性分析,采用多元线性回归分析得出相关的预测模型。结果表明,18种热带灌木干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、有机物(OM)、单宁(TT)含量及饲料相对值(RFV)、ME、IVDMD平均值分别为32.22%、14.14%、3.99%、38.83%、33.67%、91.48%、1.53%、1.14、8.24 MJ/kg、58.85%。另外,DM、CP、EE、ADF、NDF和TT与GP、IVDMD和ME显著相关(P<0.05)。综上所述,热带灌木CP、EE含量高,NDF、ADF含量适中,TT含量低,RFV、ME和IVDMD高,说明热带灌木对海南黑山羊具有较高的潜在饲用价值。同时,本试验提出了适用于热带灌木的GP、IVDMD和ME的营养成分预测模型。 相似文献
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《草业与畜牧》2017,(6)
为系统研究不同收获高度对苎麻饲草生产性能的影响和苎麻全株常规营养成分,对7份苎麻资源在40、60、80、100、120cm 5个处理水平下的饲草产量进行了测定,并对产量表现较好的3份材料进行常规营养成分粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、粗纤维(CF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、粗灰分(Ash)、钙(Ca)含量及体外消化率的分析。结果表明:在60、80cm两个处理水平下,苎麻全年鲜草产量达最高值,在此范围内收获作为饲用资源开发利用价值最大;苎麻营养成分中粗蛋白(CP)含量高达21%,营养价值高,粗纤维(CF)含量25%、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量36%和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量26%,含量适中,且体外消化率较高,为83%。综上,可以得出,苎麻具有较高的饲用价值,可以作为家禽家畜的饲草饲料资源开发利用。 相似文献
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测定了鹊肾树(Streblus asper Lour.)、倒吊笔(Wrightia pubescens R.Br.)、白背叶[Mallotus apelta(Lout.).Mull.Arg.]三种饲用灌木不同生长期营养成分舍量,采用体外产气技术评价了三种饲用灌木的体外产气特性,并分析发酵动力学参数与营养成分之间的相关关系.结果表明:三种饲用灌木粗蛋白质(CP)含量较高,酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量较低,体外干物质消化率(IVDMD)高,具有较高的饲用价值;理论最大产气量(a+b)和IVDMD与CP呈不显著负相关,与ADF呈显著负相关,与NDF呈极显著负相关,即碳水化合物(酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维)与粗蛋白质含量共同影响体外产气特性. 相似文献
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《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2016,(6)
比较分析了5种木薯茎叶(华南5号、7号、8号、9号和205号)的营养成分。结果表明,相比其他4种木薯茎叶,华南7号木薯茎叶干物质、热能、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和碳水化合物、Ca、P、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn的含量均较高,而粗灰分、粗纤维和单宁含量均偏低。说明7号木薯茎叶体外营养价值较高,可优先考虑作为饲料资源开发利用。 相似文献
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为明确乡土野生饲用灌木胡枝子的营养价值,对胡枝子花和叶的营养成分含量进行了测定。结果表明:胡枝子花富含17种氨基酸,总量8.76%,天冬氨酸含量最高,达1.19%;胡枝子花粗蛋白质含量16.95%,粗纤维含量17.50%,总黄酮含量3.80 g/kg,并含有钾、钙、铁、锌等多种矿物质元素;胡枝子花含有16种脂肪酸,总量734.50 g/kg,其中,α亚麻酸含量最高,达226.15 g/kg,其次是亚油酸,为202.05 g/kg。胡枝子叶粗蛋白含量高达15.30%,粗纤维和粗灰分含量分别为14.25%、6.50%,粗脂肪含量4.60%,钙含量1.24%。 相似文献
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本试验旨在评定热带园林植物废弃物的饲用价值。通过概略养分分析和体外产气试验，测定了热带地区常见的21种园林植物修剪废弃物的营养成分、体外产气量、体外干物质消化率和代谢能，再用层次分析法(Analytic hierarchy process, AHP)对饲用价值进行综合评价。结果显示：21种园林植物废弃物的主要营养成分差异显著，其中粗蛋白质(Crude protein, CP)含量以炮仗藤(Pyrostegia venusta)最高(19.84%),酸性洗涤纤维(Acid detergent fiber, ADF)含量以朱槿(Hibiscus rosa-sinensis)最低(12.41%),中性洗涤纤维(Neutral detergent fiber, NDF)含量以朱槿最低(9.25%);单宁(Tannin, TT)含量以蓝花草(Ruellia simplex)最低(0.35%),体外产气(In vitro gas production, GP)产量以朱槿最高(55.40 mL),体外干物质消化率(In vitro dry matter digestibility, IVDMD)以朱... 相似文献
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从天然牧地看 ,青藏大区具有高蛋白、高脂肪、高无氮浸出物、高灰分、高代谢能及低纤维 (即 5高 1低 )的特征 ;南方大区恰好相反 ,呈现为 5低 1高的特征 ;北方大区的各项营养成分含量居中。就人工牧地而言 ,粗蛋白含量亦为青藏大区较高 ,粗脂肪和粗灰分则以南方大区较高 ,而粗纤维、无氮浸出物和代谢能 3个大区相近。人工牧地与天然牧地比较 ,前者的粗蛋白、可消化蛋白、Ca和P的含量显著地高 ,营养比和粗脂肪明显地低 ,而 2类牧地的代谢能、粗纤维、无氮浸出物和粗灰分相近或略有差异。由此表明 ,人工牧地在营养价值方面优于天然牧地 ,原因主要在于其蛋白质含量较高、营养比较低。 相似文献
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为了评定参薯茎叶的饲用价值。对21个参薯品系茎叶的营养成分含量及单宁含量进行进行评价。结果表明参薯茎叶有着良好的营养水平和评价结果,干物质基础的含量平均值分别为:粗蛋白质19.55%、粗脂肪2.70%、粗纤维25.16%、粗灰分9.23%、酸性洗涤纤维33.76%、中性洗涤纤维50.73%、无氮浸出物43.36%、单宁0.66%。RFV和GI的均值为115.20和3.37,分别达到2级和3级饲料标准。其中粗蛋白质水平良好,均值高于甘薯蔓、柱花草和特级牧草标准;酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、粗脂肪含量与甘薯蔓和柱花草有着相近的含量水平,同时有着较低的单宁含量,居于适量的单宁含量标准(0.5%～5.5%)。研究显示参薯茎叶具有饲用的潜质,可以作为饲料开发利用。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究枸杞各部位营养成分,对枸杞果实、青果、果柄、叶、茎秆的常规营养成分及多糖、黄酮含量进行全面测定分析。结果表明:枸杞叶粗蛋白(27.8%)、黄酮(1.32%)含量最高,纤维含量不高,具有较高的饲用价值;枸杞青果具有较高的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、多糖及黄酮,粗纤维含量适中;枸杞果柄多糖、粗灰分含量最高,还有一定量的黄酮;枸杞枝条含有一定量粗蛋白的同时含有多糖及黄酮(含量高于果实中),但纤维含量较高。由此可见,枸杞青果、枸杞果柄及枸杞叶均有一定的饲用价值和抗氧化性,其中,枸杞果柄产量少,可主要用于抗氧化剂的研究,枸杞枝条纤维含量高,实践中需采取饲草常规调制技术降低纤维含量,进而充分利用。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献