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玉米精量播种监测系统的设计与试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对玉米精播机作业时常会发生导种管堵塞、地轮排种轴机械传动系统故障及种箱排空造成的漏播等现象,基于单片机技术设计了一套玉米精量播种监测系统,包括整体结构与排种监测传感器电路,完成了相关参数设置。该系统实现了对玉米精播机的播种量、播种速度、播种面积、地轮转速、排种轴转速、种箱料位及机具升降状态等指标的实时监测和漏播故障诊断功能,支持对精播机作业数据远程实时监控管理功能。试验结果表明:玉米精量播种监测系统单粒测量精度约为98.8%,能够实现作业过程的实时监测及远程监管功能。 相似文献
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正确使用操作小麦精播机,搞好维护保养,及时排除故障,对保持其良好技术状态,确保小麦精播质量,实现小麦增产是很重要的。现将小麦精播机操作要领及故障排除方法介绍如下。1操作要领(1)作业前,要对小麦精播机进行全面检修、调整,经过试运转,各部机构运转正常后,方可投入播种作业。(2)作业时,在确认播种地块、选用品种符合农艺要求后,调准播种量,包括总播量和各行播量,定好播种深度。作业中,要随时注意检查排种量的准确度,发现问题及时解决。(3)要直线前进,匀速作业,时速最高不得超过精播机性能指标的规定。作业过程中,尽量避免停车,以防种子… 相似文献
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正确作用操作小麦精播机,及时排除故障,对保持其良好技术状态,确保小麦精播质量,实现小麦增产是很重要的。现将小麦精播机使用操作要领及常见故障排除方法介绍如下：一、使用操作要领１作业前,要对小麦精播机进行全面检查、保养和调整,经过试运转,各部机构运转正常后,方可投入作业。２作业时,在确认播种地块,选用品种符合农艺要求后,调整准确播种量,包括总播量和各行播种量,定好播种深度。在作业中,要随时注意检查排种量准确度,发现问题及时解决。３拖拉机要直线行驶,匀速作业,时速最高不得超过精播机性能指标的规定… 相似文献
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2BMF-3型麦茬地免耕精播机防堵装置的设计与试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
免耕精播机是保护性耕作技术应用较为广泛的农业播种机具之一。为此,针对2BMF-3型号的免耕精播机,通过整机结构及工作原理分析,对其防堵装置进行设计,改善防堵装置的刀片形状、与土壤接触的深度及作业时的运转速度等参数,得出最佳的防堵设计技术参数,保证精播机整体在播种的过程中,取得最优的播种效果。将该设计应用于实际生产中进行验证,结果表明:该装置的设计达到了预期要求。该型式免耕精播机关键防堵部位的设计及生产试验研究,可为其他麦茬地秋季作物播种的机械自动化生产设备和装置的开发、改进及相关技术领域的技能深入发展应用提供一定的参考。 相似文献
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孙绪英 《农业装备与车辆工程》1999,(5)
正确使用小麦精播机,及时排除故障,对保持其良好技术状态,确保小麦精播质量,实现小麦增产量是很重要的。现将小麦精播机操作要领及故障排除介绍如下：一、操作要领１．作业前．要对小麦精播机进行全面检修、调整,经过试运转,各部机构运转正常后,方可投入作业。２．作业时,在确认播种地块、选用品种符合农艺要求后,调准播种量,包括总播量和各行播量,定好播种深度。在作业中,要随时注意检查排种量准确度,发现问题及时解决。３．要直线前进,匀速作业,时速最高不得超过精播机性能指标的规定。作业中,尽量避免停车;以防种子堆集… 相似文献
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基于单片机与DGUS显示的精密播种机监测系统研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对当前玉米播种机作业过程存在工况失检、警示不够直接等问题,开发了基于单片机控制和DGUS屏显示的智能检测系统。该系统主要由MSP430单片机、DGUS显示器,以及种箱存量监测模块、播量监控模块、作业面积统计模块等组成,可以实时监视种箱内种子的余量、实时监测并显示播种量和播种面积,且具有出现漏播及时报警等功能。试验结果表明:该智能检测系统可以完成排种器播量与作业面积的在线统计及种箱种子余量的影像监测,且随着作业距离的增加,播种量与作业面积的监测误差趋于减少,满足现有播种机作业的技术要求,基本能实现对漏播现象的稳定可靠报警。 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
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瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
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在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
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Gunter Wriedt Marijn van der Velde Alberto Aloe Fayçal Bouraoui 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(5):771-789
We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications. 相似文献
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在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。 相似文献
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车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。 相似文献