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1.
木聚糖酶水平与肉鸡生产性能的关系 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
通过饲养试验来考察木聚糖酶对肉鸡生产性能的影响,确定木聚糖酶与饲料原料的定量关系。试验采用2个单因子试验设计,分别以玉米-豆粕型和小麦-豆粕型饲粮为基础饲粮,在每种基础饲粮中添加4个水平的木聚糖酶构成处理试验饲粮,试验共8个处理组,每个处理组6个重复,每个重复20只鸡。试验结果表明:玉米-豆粕型饲粮中添加木聚糖酶有提高肉鸡生长性能的趋势;小麦-豆粕型饲粮中添加木聚糖酶显著提高了肉鸡生产性能;玉米、小麦、豆粕的适宜木聚糖酶添加量分别为1500、3000、1500IU/kg。 相似文献
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本试验研究小麦-豆粕型日粮中添加不同组合的非淀粉多糖酶对肉鸡生产及营养物质消化代谢的影响。选用1日龄AA肉鸡360羽,随机分为6组,分别饲喂小麦型高能饲粮、小麦型低能饲粮和添加不同酶制剂组合的小麦低能饲粮,每组4个重复,每重复15只鸡。结果表明:小麦型低能日粮中添加木聚糖酶对肉鸡生产性能及表观代谢能没有显著影响;添加木聚糖酶+葡聚糖酶、木聚糖酶+葡聚糖酶+甘露聚糖酶、木聚糖酶+葡聚糖酶+甘露聚糖酶+纤维素酶组合均可显著改善低能饲养肉鸡日增重和饲料利用率、提高其表观代谢能(P0.05),其中以添加木聚糖酶+葡聚糖酶+甘露聚糖酶组合和木聚糖酶+葡聚糖酶+甘露聚糖酶+纤维素酶组合两组对肉鸡生产的效果最好,但不同酶制剂组合间无显著差异(P0.05)。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2017,(15)
为了研究木聚糖酶对AA肉鸡脂代谢及相关基因表达的影响,试验采用出生重相近的AA肉仔鸡480只,公母各半,随机分为3组,每组8个重复,每个重复20只鸡,对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,W组日粮用60%的小麦替代AA肉鸡日粮中玉米,WE组在W组日粮的基础上添加0.1%的发酵木聚糖酶,试验期为49 d,之后分别检测了AA肉鸡的腹脂率、血液生化指标以及腹脂和肌肉的脂肪型脂肪酸结合蛋白(A-FABP)和脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)基因的表达情况。结果表明:W组、WE组28,49日龄肉鸡的腹脂率显著降低(P0.05);W组49日龄葡萄糖(GLU)水平显著降低(P0.05),WE组肉鸡GLU、总胆固醇(CHO)、三酰甘油(TG)水平变化不显著(P0.05);W组肉鸡腹脂FAS基因和A-FABP基因的表达显著降低(P0.05),49日龄时W组肉鸡胸肌FAS、A-FABP基因表达显著降低(P0.05)。说明小麦日粮添加木聚糖酶可调节肉鸡脂代谢相关基因表达,降低肉鸡腹脂率,提高经济效益。 相似文献
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木聚糖酶对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
768羽1日龄AA肉仔鸡,随机分为6个处理,每个处理分8个重复,每个重复16羽肉仔鸡(公母各半)。6个处理分别为玉米-豆粕型日粮添加木聚糖酶0和1000IU/kg处理组,小麦-玉米-豆粕型日粮添加木聚糖酶0,500,1000和1500IU/kg处理组。试验采用4层立体网上养殖(使用上面3层),饲养周期为1～6周龄(前期和中期)。研究玉米和小麦基础日粮中单独使用木聚糖酶对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响。结果表明:玉米-豆粕型日粮中添加1000IU/kg的木聚糖酶对肉仔鸡前期和后期的生长性能无显著影响(P>0.05),但有改善的趋势;小麦-玉米-豆粕型日粮中添加木聚糖酶提高了肉仔鸡的采食量,改善了肉仔鸡的饲料转化效率(P<0.05);小麦-玉米-豆粕型日粮中3个木聚糖酶添加水平之间对肉仔鸡生产性能无显著影响,同样对肠道食糜黏度无影响,提示在本研究条件下500IU/kg木聚糖酶能满足分解木聚糖的需要;尽管小麦-玉米-豆粕型添加木聚糖酶改善了动物生产性能,但仍显著低于玉米-豆粕型日粮,提示在生产实践中单独添加一种酶的作用是有限的。 相似文献
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为了研究低代谢能日粮添加木聚糖酶对AA肉仔鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响,试验将木聚糖酶添加于玉米-杂粕、小麦-豆粕为主的低代谢能日粮中饲喂AA肉仔鸡,测定木聚糖酶对其生长性能的影响;经玫瑰花环试验测定其对肉鸡细胞免疫功能的影响,借此分析评估肉仔鸡的免疫状态。结果表明:木聚糖酶能显著提高肉仔鸡的生长性能;也能使肉仔鸡外周血T淋巴细胞免疫力升高,尤其是小麦-豆粕日粮中添加木聚糖酶可以显著提高肉仔鸡的免疫功能。 相似文献
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试验选用1日龄商品代AA肉鸡混合健雏480只,随机分为4组,每处理120只,设4个重复,每重复30只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中添加200、400mg/kg和600mg/kg胆汁酸脂肪乳化剂,同时将3个试验组各试验期日粮中的油脂添加量分别减少30%,减少的油脂量用等量玉米替代,试验期49d。试验结果表明,在减少日粮油脂用量的情况下,添加胆汁酸脂肪乳化剂能有效提高肉鸡生产性能,添加600mg/kg胆汁酸脂肪乳化剂组肉鸡生产性能最高,平均日增重提高7.87%(P0.05),料重比降低7.00%(P0.05),经济效益提高22.33%。 相似文献
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为研究小麦型日粮中添加不同来源木聚糖酶对黄羽肉鸡屠宰性能和免疫功能的影响,选择22日龄体重相近的健康黄羽肉鸡375羽,随机分成3个处理,每处理5个重复,每重复25羽。对照组饲喂小麦型基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组分别饲喂在基础日粮中添加250 mL/t真菌性和细菌性木聚糖酶的试验日粮。试验期为28 d。结果表明,小麦型日粮中分别添加250mL/t真菌性和细菌性木聚糖酶显著提高了黄羽肉鸡腹脂率（P〈0.01）,而对全净膛率、胸肌率和腿肌率没有影响（P〉0.05）;显著提高了黄羽肉鸡法氏囊指数（P〈0.01）以及血清中T3（P〉0.05）、T4、IgA（P〈0.01）和IgM（P〈0.01）水平,且均表现出试验Ⅱ组〉试验Ⅰ组〉对照组的规律,但脾脏指数却相反。结果提示,两种来源木聚糖酶可提高黄羽肉鸡腹脂率和增强机体免疫功能,且细菌性木聚糖酶的提高幅度均高于真菌性木聚糖酶。 相似文献
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试验旨在探讨不同来源木聚糖酶对黄羽肉鸡生长性能的影响。将1日龄健康黄羽肉鸡540羽,随机分成3组,每组6个重复,每重复30羽,试验期42 d。对照组饲喂小麦-玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,试验A、B组分别饲喂基础日粮中添加200 g/t木霉产木聚糖酶和200 g/t细菌产木聚糖酶的试验日粮,木聚糖酶酶活均为30 000 IU/g。结果表明,与对照组相比,试验A、B组的平均日增重和粗脂肪、粗纤维、钙、磷的表观代谢率及日粮表观代谢能均显著提高（P < 0.05）,料重比显著降低（P < 0.05）,粗蛋白质表观代谢率分别提高了5.90%（P < 0.05）和3.54%（P > 0.05）。试验A、B组之间各测定指标没有显著差异（P > 0.05） 。上述结果表明日粮中添加200 g/t木霉产木聚糖酶或细菌产木聚糖酶均能提高养分代谢率,改善肉鸡生长性能,木霉产木聚糖酶的效果稍好于细菌产木聚糖酶。 相似文献
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木聚糖酶对肉中鸭生产性能及效益的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验选择12日龄奥白星肉中鸭360只,研究在小麦-豆粕型日粮中添加木聚糖酶(小麦酶制剂)对其生产性能的影响。试验采用单因素完全随机试验设计,将试验动物分成3组,即小麦-豆粕型饲粮组(负对照)、小麦-豆粕型加木聚糖酶组(负对照+酶)和玉米-豆粕型饲粮组(正对照),每处理组3个重复,每个重复40只,结果表明:饲粮中添加0.015%酶制剂组比小麦-豆粕型饲粮组日增重提高5.48%(P<0.05),同时,料肉比明显著降低(P<0.05),增重饲料成本降低了8.72%,差异显著(P<0.05);与玉米-豆粕型饲粮的处理相比日增重、日采食量、料肉比和增重饲料成本差异均不显著。说明在小麦-豆粕型饲粮中添加木聚糖酶(小麦酶制剂)具有一定的生产实用效果。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献