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尼古拉斯火鸡是一种大型白羽宽胸火鸡品种,由美国Nicholas火鸡育种公司育成,具有增重快,屠宰率、出肉率极高等优点,是一种优良的肉用草食家禽。我所于一九八三年从北京市种禽公司种火鸡场引进尼古拉斯火鸡种蛋,自行孵化、试养。为了弄清火鸡在我省自然环境和饲养管理条件下的生物学特性和生产性能,为进一步发展火鸡生产提供依据,我们曾对火鸡的21项血液生 相似文献
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玉米──豆粕型日粮一般都缺乏核黄素。BASF公司的家禽营养学家NelsonWard博士研究指出，NRC推荐的核黄素需要量已不适应用现代化育种手段培育出的肉用仔鸡和火鸡，也不符合现代化饲养条件下的肉仔鸡和火鸡对核黄素的需求量。高能量日粮、高生长速度和长期处于应激临界状态下的肉用仔鸡和火鸡对日粮中的核黄素需要量要比NRC推荐的需要量高。另外，垫草中硼的蓄积也刺激肉用仔鸡和火鸡对核黄素的需要。NelsonWard博士研究表明,核黄素的缺乏能降低皮肤胶原蛋白含量，导致结缔组织疏松，降低皮肤张力，伤口愈合缓慢。肉用仔鸡、火鸡需要… 相似文献
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布特火鸡新城疫母源抗体水平动态监测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
布特火鸡是由英国布特(BUT)公司在90年代末期培育成功的肉用型品种。辽宁丹东地区于1999年引进该品种，并由我院动物科学系立项研究。鸡新城疫(ND)是火鸡与鸡的共患烈性传染病，但两者的母源抗体水平动态变化规律不尽相同。掌握火鸡的母源抗体水平动态变化规律，避开母源抗体水平对疫苗的干扰作用，是确保接种免疫成功的重要条件。目前鸡、鸵鸟的母源抗体水平动态监测已有报道，但火鸡的母源抗体变化规律仍是空白。笔者于2002年6月开始对我院种禽基地饲养的英国布特火鸡初生至成年的母源抗体水平进行研究，为制定肉用火鸡新城疫免疫程序提供了参考依据，现将测定结果报告如下。 相似文献
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附红细胞体病是附红细胞体寄生在动物红细胞表面及血浆中而引起的一种血液原虫病 ,可引起发热、贫血、消瘦、黄疸症状 ,其病原体是附红细胞体 ,属于立克次氏体目 ,无浆体科 ,附红细胞体属。 2 0 0 3年 2月 3日我市郭氏猪场在 2 1 0头体重为 1 0 -1 5kg的肉用仔猪中有 1 8头仔猪发生了一种以高热、皮肤发红 ,贫血、黄疸为特征的疾病。根据临床症状、剖检变化及实验室检验等综合诊断 ,确诊为猪附红细胞体病 ,现报告如下 :1 发病情况2 0 0 3年 2月 3日我市郭氏猪场在 2 1 0头体重为 1 0 -1 5kg的肉用仔猪中有 1 8头猪发病。其临床症状表现为高… 相似文献
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采用鲜血压滴标本法结合末梢血液涂片染色法,检测120只犬感染附红细胞体的情况,结果显示80只犬呈阳性感染,阳性率为66%。对其中30只发病症状明显的阳性患犬进行血液生理指标测定,患犬表现出不同程度的红细胞总数、红细胞压积、血红蛋白下降;总胆红素、谷丙转氨酶与谷草转氨酶升高。患犬发病时以高热、贫血、黄疸为主要症状,部分患犬继发消化道或呼吸道症状。 相似文献
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Analysis of muscle elements, water, and total lipids from healthy dogs and Labrador retrievers with hereditary muscular dystrophy 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
J R Mehta K G Braund R E McKerrell M Toivio-Kinnucan 《American journal of veterinary research》1989,50(5):640-644
Skeletal muscles from healthy dogs and Labrador Retrievers with hereditary muscular dystrophy were examined morphologically and histochemically and were analyzed biochemically for Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Cl-, total muscle water, and total neutral lipid content. Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used for elemental quantitation of hydrochloric acid tissue extracts. Muscle samples from dystrophic dogs contained substantially increased concentrations of Na+, Ca2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, and Cl-, and a considerable reduction in the content of K+ and Mg2+ compared with samples from healthy dogs. Total muscle water and total fat content was higher in muscles from dystrophic dogs. Most muscle samples from dystrophic dogs had a type-2 fiber deficiency and an increase in number of fibers with internalized nuclei. 相似文献
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R D Pearce J W Callahan A Novak P B Little J T Clarke 《The British veterinary journal》1990,146(3):270-280
Lysosomal beta-D-mannosidase (EC 3.2.1.25) was purified 6900-fold from normal goat kidney by serial Concanavalin A-Sepharose 4B and Red A dye ligand affinity chromatography, followed by anion exchange and molecular sieve high performance liquid chromatography. The relative molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated by molecular sieving to be 79,000 +/- 3000. The apparent Km for the synthetic substrate, 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-mannopyranoside, was 2.3-2.8 mM and the sharp, unimodal pH optimum was 5.5. Enzyme activity was inhibited by Hg2+, Zn2+, Ag+, Co2+ and the thiol reactive agent N-ethylmaleimide. The mannose derivatives p-nitrophenyl-beta-D- thiomannopyranoside and p-aminophenyl-beta-D-thiomannopyranoside inhibited enzyme activity and may be of use as immobilized ligands in future attempts to purify beta-D-mannosidase by specific affinity chromatography. 相似文献
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利用筛选培养基从不同豆制品作坊附近的土样中筛选出一株产α-半乳糖苷酶的菌株D-1,对其进行分子鉴定及所产的α-半乳糖苷酶进行酶学特性研究。研究表明,菌株D-1为Aspergillus niger,此菌株所产α-半乳糖苷酶的最适反应温度是55℃,在60℃以下热稳定性较好;最适反应pH值为5.0,在pH值3.0～5.5范围内稳定性较好,相对酶活>64.1%;Mg2+、Na+、Pb2+、K+、Mn2+、Co2+、Al3+对α-半乳糖苷酶均有不同程度的抑制作用,其中Cu2+和Fe3+的抑制作用较为明显,而Ca2+、EDTA(乙二胺四乙酸)、Zn2+对α-半乳糖苷酶有一定的促进作用。 相似文献
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盐胁迫对枸杞属两种植物幼苗离子吸收和分配的影响 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
以枸杞属2种植物(黑果枸杞和宁夏枸杞)幼苗为试验材料,采用不同浓度的NaCl溶液进行胁迫,对其不同器官中Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Si4+、Cl-6种离子的吸收与分配情况进行研究。结果表明,在盐胁迫下,黑果枸杞和宁夏枸杞各器官中的Na+和Cl-相对含量均显著高于对照,且随着盐浓度的增加,其含量也逐渐增加,尤以叶片中积累最多;K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Si4+在盐处理组各器官中的相对含量比对照降低或无差异。同时,各器官中的K+/Na+、Ca2+/Na+、Mg2+/Na+及Si4+/Na+均随盐浓度增加而呈逐渐下降的趋势。盐处理组中,黑果枸杞各器官中K+/Na+、Ca2+/Na+、Mg2+/Na+和Si4+/Na+离子比值均显著高于同浓度胁迫下的宁夏枸杞,且高盐胁迫下黑果枸杞各离子比值相对于对照下降的幅度远小于宁夏枸杞,说明黑果枸杞比宁夏枸杞有较强的耐盐能力。 相似文献
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Hess TM Kronfeld DS Williams CA Waldron JN Graham-Thiers PM Greiwe-Crandell K Lopes MA Harris PA 《American journal of veterinary research》2005,66(3):466-473
OBJECTIVE: To compare effects of oral supplementation with an experimental potassium-free sodium-abundant electrolyte mixture (EM-K) with that of oral supplementation with commercial potassium-rich mixtures (EM+K) on acid-base status and plasma ion concentrations in horses during an 80-km endurance ride. ANIMALS: 46 healthy horses. PROCEDURE: Blood samples were collected before the ride; at 21-, 37-, 56-, and 80-km inspection points; and during recovery (ie, 30-minute period after the ride). Consumed electrolytes were recorded. Blood was analyzed for pH, PvCO2, and Hct, and plasma was analyzed for Na+, K+, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+, lactate, albumin, phosphate, and total protein concentrations. Plasma concentrations of H+ and HCO3-, the strong ion difference (SID), and osmolarity were calculated. RESULTS: 34 (17 EM-K and 17 EM+K treated) horses finished the ride. Potassium intake was 33 g less and Na+ intake was 36 g greater for EM-K-treated horses, compared with EM+K-treated horses. With increasing distance, plasma osmolarity; H+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, phosphate, lactate, total protein, and albumin concentrations; and PvCO2 and Hct were increased in all horses. Plasma HCO3-, Ca2+, and Cl- concentrations were decreased. Plasma H+ concentration was significantly lower in EM-K-treated horses, compared with EM+K-treated horses. Plasma K+ concentrations at the 80-km inspection point and during recovery were significantly less in EM-K-treated horses, compared with EM+K-treated horses. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Increases in plasma H+ and K+ concentrations in this endurance ride were moderate and unlikely to contribute to signs of muscle fatigue and hyperexcitability in horses. 相似文献
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Experiments were carried out with six sheep of the Slovak Merino breed, weighing 22-28 kg. For 28 days the animals were given 4 mg inorganic Hg2+ in the feed per animal/day. In contrast with the controls, the following residual mercury concentrations were determined in the single organs and tissues: liver 1.580 +/- 0.326 mg.kg-1 Hg2+ and 0.091 +/- 0.014 mg.kg-1 Hg2+, respectively muscle 0.064 +/- 0.009 mg.kg-1 Hg2+, and 0.026 +/- 0.006 mg.kg-1 Hg2+, resp. spleen 0.142 +/- 0.025 mg.kg-1 Hg2+, and 0.022 +/- 0.010 mg.kg-1 Hg2+, resp. kidney 9.054 +/- 3.794 mg.kg-1 Hg2+, and 0.128 +/- 0.080 mg.kg-1 Hg2+, resp. (Fig. 1), abomasal contents 0.309 +/- 0.069 mg.kg-1 Hg2+, and 0.021 +/- 0.007 mg.kg-1 Hg2+, resp. large intestinal contents 0.267 +/- 0.058 mg.kg-1 Hg2+, and 0.043 +/- 0.004 mg.kg-1 Hg2+, resp. The results suggest that the long-term ingestion of mercury with feed leads to a pronounced Hg accumulation in the kidneys and liver. Much lower levels were observed in the muscle tissue and spleen. The affinity of mercury to the kidney and liver is probably related to the preferential bonds of organic mercury compounds to the SH- groups of the plasma proteins in these organs. It is the bond to the sulphydryl groups of proteins that results in the inhibition of proteosynthesis and thus enzyme and antibody inhibition. Under the conditions of continuing chemical contamination of the environment, a permanent supply of low concentrations of heavy metals the animal organism is observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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Genetic differences in natural vs hormone-induced ovulation rates were compared in immature female mice from five lines that had undergone long-term single-trait and antagonistic index selection for litter size and(or) 6-wk BW. Lines used were control (K); high litter size (L+); high BW (W+); low litter size and high BW (L-W+); and high litter size and low BW (L+W-). Natural ovulation rate at a mean age of 34.3 d and hormone-induced (5 IU of pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin followed 2 d later by 5 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin) superovulation rate at a fixed age of 31 d were obtained. Total number of eggs ovulated was affected by line (P less than .001), treatment (P less than .001), and line x treatment interaction (P less than .001). Line differences were subsequently tested within treatment because of the significant line x treatment interaction. Line differences were important (P less than .001) for natural ovulation, hormone-induced ovulation, and response to hormones. Mean natural ovulation rates for K, L+, W+, L-W+, and L+W- were 14.1, 19.8, 15.1, 13.6, and 16.4, respectively. Selection changed ovulation rate by 40, 16, 7, and -4% in the L+, L+W-, W+ and L-W+ lines, respectively (P less than .01). Hormone-induced ovulation rates in K, L+, W+, L-W+, and L+W- were 32.3, 24.6, 19.6, 20.9, and 22.1, respectively. Exogenous hormones increased ovulation by 18.2, 4.8, 4.6, 7.3, and 5.7 ova for K, L+, W+, L-W+, and L+W-, respectively (P less than .001). Lines with lower natural ovulation rates had higher responses to superovulation. Increased ovulation rate due to treatment ranged from 24.3% in L+ to 129% in K. These results indicate significant differences among lines in ovarian response to exogenous hormones. 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Little information exists on the immunological effects of transport or the use of supplements to minimise transport stress. OBJECTIVES: To establish baseline ranges and evaluate immunophenotypic and functional changes associated with transport and a nutritional 'adaptogen' supplement. METHODS: Horses received either supplement (n = 10) or placebos (n = 9) during the 30 day study. After 28 days in stalls, 12 horses (6 supplement; 6 placebo) were transported for 24 h, then unloaded and recovered. Venous blood samples were collected on Days 1, 14 and 28 to establish baselines, and on Days 28, 29 and 30 to examine changes during transport and recovery. RESULTS: Transport prompted elevations (P<0.05) in cortisol concentration, neutrophil count and white blood cell counts, while lymphocyte subpopulation counts (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD21+) decreased (P<0.05). Normal phenotypic lymphocyte profiles returned within 24 h of recovery. Supplement effects on immunophenotype (CD21+ and CD8+) were observed in stabled horses (P<0.05), but not in transported horses. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide insights into the immunological mechanisms associated with long-term transport. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: The existence of a small window of immunological uncertainty follows long-term transportation, enhancing the potential risk of infectious disease in susceptible individuals. 相似文献
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为探讨Na+,K+-ATP酶在小型猪特异性麻醉颉颃剂催醒过程中的作用,144只Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组和试验组,对照组和试验组再分为早期催醒组、中期催醒组和晚期催醒组.用分光光度法测定不同脑区Na+,K+-ATP酶活性.结果显示,大鼠在不同时期注射小型猪特异性麻醉颉颃剂后,大鼠不同脑区的Na+,K+-ATP酶活性均被激活,且Na+,K+-ATP酶活性的这种变化趋势与大鼠行为学的变化相一致.表明小型猪特异性麻醉颉颃剂催醒作用可能与激活大脑皮层和海马等脑区的Na+,K+-ATP酶活性相关. 相似文献
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为研究金黄色葡萄球菌胞外分泌蛋白的核酸酶活性,本研究复苏培养金黄色葡萄球菌后取培养上清液,采用透析得到金黄色葡萄球菌胞外分泌蛋白,结果显示获得的该蛋白浓度为48.5μg/mL。采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳法、琼脂扩散法和琼脂培养法检测金黄色葡萄球菌胞外分泌蛋白的核酸酶活性,利用琼脂糖凝胶电泳法探究温度、pH、金属离子对核酸酶活性的影响。结果显示,金黄色葡萄球菌胞外分泌蛋白表现出降解λDNA的核酸酶活性,且最适温度和pH值分别为50℃和9.0,在低温和酸性条件下核酸酶的活性较弱,但胞外核酸酶对70℃以上的耐受性较差。不同浓度的Ba^2+、Mg^2+和Zn^2+对胞外分泌蛋白的核酸酶活性无影响;低浓度(0.01 mmol/L^1 mmol/L)的Ca^2+、Ni^2+、Cu^2+和Mn^4+可以促进胞外核酸酶切割λDNA的活性;高浓度的Na^+、K^+和Fe^3+可以提高胞外核酸酶切割λDNA的活性;添加Co^2+(0.01 mmol/L^10 mmol/L)可以促进胞外分泌蛋白的核酸酶活性。本研究证实了金黄色葡萄球菌胞外分泌蛋白的核酸酶活性,为进一步研究胞外分泌蛋白在金黄色葡萄球菌和宿主互作中的确切作用奠定了基础。 相似文献