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1.
Changes in the levels of plasma vitellogenin (Vg), estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) were examined following gonadal development induced by carp gonadotropin treatment (cGTH) of freshwater
female yellow and silver eels (Anguilla anguilla L.). The animals received injections of cGTH (250 μg kg−1 body weight) or saline vehicle three times a week, for 6 to 8 weeks. No effect of vehicle was observed. Steroidogenic activity
of the ovary was stimulated by cGTH treatment as shown by the increase in circulating steroid levels in both stages. However,
the responses of T, E2 and Vg differed according to the stage of development of eels. At the yellow stage, the initial steroid plasma levels were
undetectable (< 0.01 ng ml−1) before treatment and ovarian steroidogenic activity was slightly stimulated following cGTH treatment; steroid levels reached
their highest values after 3 weeks and 6 weeks of treatment for E2 (0.62 ± 0.13 ng ml−1 and T (0.33 ± 0.30 ng ml−1), respectively. The cGTH treatment slightly increased plasma Vg levels (0.2–0.7 μg ml−1 during the experiment compared with the initial values of the group. At the silver stage, the initial steroid levels were
detectable (0.7 ng ml−1 for E2 and 0.1 ng ml−1 for T); cGTH treatment did not significantly increase plasma E2 level which remained at initial levels. Nevertheless, plasma T levels dramatically increased from 0.1 to 3 ng ml−1 and peaked after 1 or 2 weeks of cGTH treatment; a rapid increase in plasma Vg levels occurred, reaching its highest value
at 5 mg ml−1 after 3 weeks of treatment. Thus, the steroid kinetic profiles in relation to the appearance of Vg in the plasma following
cGTH treatment was closely related to androgen levels and there was a strong vitellogenic response induced by chronic cGTH
treatment. In order to test if androgens could be implicated in the vitellogenic response, we evaluated the potencies of various
androgens (testosterone and 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol)in vivo andin vitro, associated with E2 to induce the production of Vg.In vitro experiments showed that Vg synthesis was induced by high doses (10−6 to 10−5 M) of androgen in the eel. Tamoxifen totally inhibited the action of androgens suggesting that androgens were acting through
binding to the E2 receptor.In vivo, androgens given alone at 50 μg kg−1 3 times a week for 1 months had no significant effect on plasma Vg levels. In addition, E2-androgen cotreatment showed that the presence of androgen did not modify the vitellogenic response induced by E2. 相似文献
2.
Y. Zohar A. Goren M. Tosky G. Pagelson D. Leibovitz Y. Koch 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1989,7(1-6):59-67
Thein vivo andin vitro potency of native and modified forms of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) to release gonadotropin (GtH) was studied inSparus aurata and correlated with their relative susceptibility to degradation by cytosolic-bound enzymes of the pituitary, kidney, and
liver. Salmon (s) GnRH and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) are equipotent whereas analogs of these peptides ((D-Arg6-Pro9NET)-sGnRH, (D-Ala6-Pro9NET)-LHRH, (D-Trp6)-LHRH) are superactive in inducingin vivo GtH release (at 10 μg/kg body weight). In anin vitro superfusion system of pituitary fragments all analogs are equipotent to the native peptides (at 10−10 to 2.5 × 10−7M). sGnRH and LHRH are rapidly degraded by cytosolic peptidases of the pituitary, liver, and kidney. The preferred site of
cleavage is the Tyr5-Gly6 bond. Substitution of the position 6 glycine by D-amino acids renders the 5–6 bond resistant to degradation and shifts the
main site of cleavage to the Pro9-Gly10NH2 bond. Substitution at position 6 (as above) and at position 10 with Pro9NET results in analogs that are resistant to degradation. We propose that enzymatic cleavage terminates GnRH bioactivityin vivo and thus increased resistance to degradation is a major determinant of GnRH analog superactivity. 相似文献
3.
The effect of waterborne selenite levels on selenium accumulated by different developmental stages of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) was studied using75SeO
3
=
as a tracer. All stages readily accumulated selenium at both high and low concentrations, but the rate of accumulation increased
as the trout developed from the egg to the juvenile feeding stage. The low rate of selenium accumulation by embryos seemed
to be related more to a lack of gills than to the presence of a chorion. The bioconcentration factor (the ratio of tissue-to-water
concentrations) declined in all groups with increased waterborne selenium levels; accumulation rates appeared limited by cell
permeability. At low levels of waterborne selenium (0.4μg/l), the total accumulated was small relative to existing body burdens and unlikely to contribute significantly to the nutritional
requirement for selenium. High levels (45.6μg/l), however, caused considerable selenium accumulation and may be sufficient to overcome the effects of low dietary selenium. 相似文献
4.
The activities of Phase I and Phase II biotransformation enzymes in the livers of yearling coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch),
were measured biweekly from February until the release date from the hatchery in mid-June, in order to observe any alterations
in baseline levels during smoltification. Peak enzyme activities occurred in February and March and then declined through
to June. Total cytochrome P450 levels ranged from 0.024±0.009 to 0.095±0.010 nmol mg-1 microsomal protein, ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity ranged from 2.74±0.75 to 9.94±0.85 pmol min-1 mg-1 microsomal protein, and glutathione S-transferase activity ranged from 0.07±0.01 to 0.33±0.01 μmol min-1 mg-1 cytosolic protein during this period. Following an intraperitoneal injection of [3H]benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), elimination occurred
rapidly (>71% excreted into the bile within 24h) from February to June. Although the distribution of B[a]P in tissues changed
through the sampling period, the highest leels of B[a]P-derived radioactivity were found in the liver, bile and fat. Analysis
of the bile revealed that 55 to 63% of the radioactivity was Phase I metabolites, 16 to 24% glucuronide conjugates, 8% sulfate
conjugates, 7% other conjugates and 6% aqueous-soluble metabolites. These findings suggest that the transformation from freshwater
adapted coho ‘parr’ to ‘smolts’, can significantly alter biotransformation enzyme activities and the distribution and elimination
of xenobiotics such as benzo[a]pyrene in these fish.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
5.
H. Chiba M. Amano H. Yamada Y. Fujimoto D. Ojima K. Okuzawa T. Yamanome K. Yamamori M. Iwata 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2004,30(3-4):267-273
Effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on thyroxine (T4) release in vivo and in vitro were studied in barfin flounder Verasper moseri, masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou and goldfish Carassius auratus. Seabream GnRH (sbGnRH) at a dose of 200 ng/50 g body weight (BW) significantly increased plasma T4 levels 1 h after the in vivo injection in the barfin flounder, but thereafter the levels normalized. Salmon GnRH (sGnRH) significantly increased plasma
T4 levels l h after the injection with a significant return to initial levels in male masu salmon and male goldfish. In contrast,
sGnRH and cGnRH-II in barfin flounder, and cGnRH-II in male masu salmon and male goldfish were not effective in stimulating
T4 release. To clarify direct involvement of GnRH in T4 release, dissected lower jaw including scattered thyroid follicles was incubated with sbGnRH (1 μg/well) in barfin flounder,
and with two doses (0.1 and 1 μg/well) of sGnRH in masu salmon and goldfish in vitro. T4 concentrations of control were stable during 24 h. Incubation of lower jaw with high dose (1 μg/well) of GnRH significantly
(P<0.05) increased T4 concentrations of incubation medium at 1 h in all experimental fishes. These results indicate that direct stimulation of
T4 secretion by GnRH occurs widely in teleost fish. 相似文献
6.
Tilapia larvae were exposed to 0 (control), 50 (50-Cd) or 100 (100-Cd) μg l-1 cadmium for 4 days and then transferred to cadmium-free fresh water for 3 days of detoxification. Total length and weight,
calcium influx and total body calcium and cadmium content were examined at various times during detoxification. All the groups
grew normally with regards to total length and body weight. Within the first 12h of detoxification the 50- and 100-Cd exposed
groups released cadmium at the similar rate of about 24 ng mg-1 h-1 (or 140 ng larva-1 h-1). Later, however, this rate declined to only 4–16% of the initial level. Calcium influx in the control group showed a 10–26%
increase during the detoxification period. Calcium influx in the 50-Cd group increased by about 280% and reached it peak at
12h. Calcium influx in the 100-Cd group increased by 440% and did not peak until 24h after transfer. After peaking, the influxes
in both 50- and 100-Cd groups declined to the level of control at the end of the experiment. Calcium contents in 50- and 100-Cd
groups increased more rapidly than that in control group within first 24h of the detoxification period. However the rate of
increase in calcium content in three groups was the same after 24h. The changes in calcium influx appeared to be correlated
with those in calcium content, and these suggested that tilapia larvae regulate the mechanism of calcium balance to compensate
for the reduced calcium level in the body.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
7.
我国赤潮频发现象分析与海藻栽培生物修复作用 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11
In this paper, the history, main events and present status of red tide
(HAB, harmful algal blooms) along China coast in recent years were reviewed and presented. It showed that the HAB's frequency and scale, number of HAB spec
ies, percentage of toxic HAB events and the degree of damages to marine environment and economy have sharply increased in China since 1960's.
Eutrophication was key factor for high occurrence of red tide. In this paper, main causes of frequent HAB occurrence along China coast was discussed. Many factors might influence the occurrence of red tide, which included weather, climate, coastal current, tidal current, water temperature, salinity, hydrodynamic and nutrient conditions, trace metals and the variation of biological environment. Numerous evidences from all over the world revealed the linkage between the increases in nutrient loading and the occurrences of high biomass blooms. Eutrophication was one of the important causes that involved in high occurrence of HAB. The main sources of nutrients potentially stimulating HABs included terrestrial runoff, aquaculture selfpollution, atmospheric deposition, sea projects and other pollution events in the ocean. Studies showed that the input from land contaminations and the selfpollution of marine aquaculture accelerated eutrophication in coastal waters and were also important impact factors on red tide. Researches suggested that nutrient composition could affect the species composition of phytoplankton as well as the development of some HABs. The changes in nutrient supply ratios, primarily N∶P, often resulted in shifts in red tide species composition. The correlation between cysts and formation of HAB was discussed from the viewpoi
nt of transformation of cyst and vegetative cell, the effects of trace elements and other organic substances on the occurrence of HAB were presented also. It indicated that the nutrient control could be an effective way to reduce the risk of red tide occurrence. Seaweed would play an important role for decreasing marine eutrophication. Among the different methods of red tide controlling studied, seaweed biomass has received much attention due to the cost saving, low sensitivity to environmental and impurity factors, the possible contaminant recovery from the biomaterial and its elevated adsorption capacity. Cultivated seaweeds have very high rates of productivity higher than that of seaweed in its natural habits and grow well in water bodies with higher nitrogen and other nutrients. Seaweeds are able to absorb large quantities of nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon dioxide, produce large quanti
ties of oxygen, and have excellent effect on decreasing eutrophication. Large amounts of C, N and P are accumulated into seaweed tissues as they accumulate considerable biomass over a period of months or years depending on the cultivation season. When seaweeds are harvested, nutrients are removed from the sea area. An investigation was carried out for inorganic nitrogen and inorganic phosphorus concentration at Lusi Coast, Qidong County, Jiangsu Province in China, where there were about 270 hm2 for Porphyra yezoensis cultivation with eutrophic sea water in recent years. While during Porphyra yezoensis cultivation, from Sep 2003 to May 2004, the concentration of ammonium nitrogen declined form 0.511-0.778 mg·L-1 to 0.006-0.057 mg·L-1, nitrite nitrogen concentration declined from 0.010-0.040 mg·L-1 to 0.001-0.009 mg·L-1, and nitrate nitrogen concentration declined from 0.466-0.549 mg·L-1 to 0.286-0.0568 mg·L-1, the average concentration of inorganic phosphorus declined from 0.024 mg·L-1 to 0.019 mg·L-1. Furthermore, during five hours, the concentration of ammonium nitrogen in the seawater declined form 220.88 μmol·L-1 to 8.59 μmol·L-1 by cultivated Gracilaria lemanaiformis, and the concentration of ammonium nitrogen declined form 213.84 μmol·L-1 to zero by cultivated Enteromorpha clathrata. Other bioremediation mechanisms of seaweed inhibiting the red tide microalgae such as nutrients competition and allelopathic effects were also discussed. 相似文献
8.
Steffen S. Madsen 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1990,8(1):45-52
The effect of cortisol on osmoregulatory parameters was studied in rainbow trout, (Salmo gairdneri), kept in freshwater (FW) and/or transferred to seawater (SW). Repeated injections of 20 μg cortisol/g fish stimulated gill
and gut Na+/K+-ATPase activity and reduced plasma Na+ and Cl− levels after 2 weeks of treatment in FW-adapted fish. Cortisol doses of 0.05 and 1.0 μg/g were without effect. Repeated injections
of 10 μg cortisol/g stimulated gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity and reduced plasma Na+ and Cl− levels in fish in FW, and significantly improved ion regulation after their transfer to 28SW. Higher doses of cortisol (10
and 20 μg/g) induced hyperglycemia, whereas low doses (0.05 and 1.0 μg/g were without effect or induced hypoglycemia. Plasma
glucose levels decreased in cortisol-treated fish transferred to SW, whereas transient hyperglycemia was seen in the control
fish. 相似文献
9.
细角螺的繁殖生态条件及繁殖习性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Hemifusus ternatanus(Gmelin), a gastropoda living in the deep water areas of undertide,as well as a delicious seafood, was distributed mainly in Chinese southeast seas and Japanese seas near the coast. In this experiment Hemifusus ternatanus' breeding ecological conditions and its propagation habit were studied in order to provide an experimental foundation for the artificial breeding. The brood stocks of test animals collected from the waters in Taiwan Strait, and then were examinated their growing temperature， salinity, feeding and propagation habit in the laboratory. The re
sults showed that the growing temperature for Hemifusus ternatanus ranges from 16 ℃ to 32 ℃, with an optimum temperature between 20 ℃ to 28 ℃ and between 23 ℃ and 28 ℃ for breeding. The optimum growth salinity was 18.3-32.3 though it much adapts to salinity from 13 to 35. They prefer to feed on bivalves particularly those with thin shells and byssusless. Hemifusus ternatanus is dioecious and fertilization finishes inside the body. It was called as egg vesicle procreation that the whole stages of embryo growth were developed within egg vesicle. Larva forms as soon as it leaves egg vesicle, which is called direct occurrence type. The larva became the juvenile after metamorphosis during 20-25 days development. It was first to obtained 233 juveniles with shell height 32-45 mm by an artificial breeding method. 相似文献
10.
臭氧杀菌结合气调包装对缢蛏的保鲜效果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以缢蛏为研究对象,通过臭氧杀菌及不同气调包装处理,测定其在(0±0.5) ℃冷藏过程中的菌落总数、理化和感官等指标的变化,评价臭氧杀菌结合气调包装的保鲜效果。臭氧处理浓度为1 mg/L,包装条件分别为低氧气调包装(60% CO2+30% N2+10% O2)、无氧气调包装(60% CO2+40% N2)、空气包装(对照)、低氧气调包装(60% CO2+30% N2+10% O2)与臭氧处理复合、无氧气调包装(60% CO2+40% N2)与臭氧处理复合、臭氧处理包装。结果显示:0 ℃下缢蛏在空气包装下贮藏4 d和臭氧处理包装下贮藏8 d后菌落总数分别达到1.76×107 cfu/g和1.14×107 cfu/g,在有氧气调包装条件下和无氧气调包装调节下贮藏10 d后菌落总数分别达到1.87×107 cfu/g和1.03×107 cfu/g,超过规定的卫生标准;而有氧气调包装结合臭氧处理可使缢蛏的货架期达到12 d(9.33×106 cfu/g),无氧气调包装结合臭氧处理可使缢蛏货架期延长至14 d(8.74×106 cfu/g)以上。各处理组的TVB-N、K值、感官评分、pH变化也均与贮藏时间相关(P<0.05),并且气调包装结合臭氧处理组样品在冷藏期间的TVB-N、pH、K值和感官等指标均优于单独的气调包装或臭氧处理。相对于其它实验组,臭氧处理结合无氧气调包装组保鲜效果最好,样品在货架期末(14 d)TVB-N达到14.952 mgN/100 g,K值达到55%,感官评分达到5分,仍处于中等新鲜水平或可接受程度。总体结果表明,臭氧处理结合气调包装能有效延长冷藏缢蛏的货架期。 相似文献
11.
罗氏沼虾不同养殖模式对水体浮游生物的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过围隔实验比较罗氏沼虾不同养殖模式对水体浮游生物的影响。实验设置6种养殖模式:罗氏沼虾单养(MP)、罗氏沼虾+浮萍(水面覆盖率5%)(PP)、罗氏沼虾+鲢(PF)、罗氏沼虾+背角无齿蚌+鲢(PMF)、罗氏沼虾+背角无齿蚌+浮萍(PMP)、罗氏沼虾+背角无齿蚌+浮萍+鲢(PMPF)。养殖64 d后,测定不同模式中浮游植物和三大类浮游动物(轮虫、枝角类及桡足类)的种类和数量。结果显示,上述6种模式中浮游植物共同优势种有4种,但优势度指数最大的浮游植物不同,MP组是锥囊藻属,有浮萍的PP和PMP组均为细小平裂藻,混养鲢的PF、PMF和PMPF组均为针杆藻。不同养殖模式无共同的浮游动物优势种。养殖模式对浮游生物密度具有显著影响,PF组浮游植物密度最高,MP组浮游植物密度最低,PF组浮游植物密度比MP、PP和PMP组分别高78%、53%和61%。相反,浮游动物密度MP组最高,PF组最低。混养鲢的PF、PMF和PMPF组浮游动物密度显著低于其他3组。研究表明,罗氏沼虾养殖中混养鲢可增加浮游植物密度而降低浮游动物密度,浮萍和鲢影响池塘优势种。 相似文献
12.
为探讨养殖水体底栖鱼类肠道排泄物对铜绿微囊藻休眠体复苏的影响,将青鱼和鲇肠道排泄物与铜绿微囊藻休眠体用野外养殖水域沉积物(底泥)混匀包埋,在10、15和20°C梯度温度下进行休眠体复苏实验。结果显示,铜绿微囊藻休眠体主要复苏期为第3～15天,在10和15°C条件下,青鱼排泄物组(MP)、鲇排泄物组(SA)和青鱼-鲇排泄物混合组(MP-SA)铜绿微囊藻休眠体复苏率均显著高于对照组(CK),且MP组也显著高于SA组和MP-SA组;在20°C条件下,MP组铜绿微囊藻休眠体复苏率显著高于SA组、MP-SA混合组和CK组,但SA组和MP-SA组与CK组复苏率并无显著性差异。实验过程中MP组沉积物中优势菌群以假单胞菌为主,SA组和MP-SA组优势菌群分别以芽孢杆菌和厚壁菌为主,第0～12天为菌群增殖期,且此期间沉积物-水体界面(SWI)实验MP组、SA组和MP-SA组溶解氧含量(DO)和氮磷比(N/P)均显著低于对照组。研究表明,青鱼和鲇肠道排泄物能促进铜绿微囊藻休眠体复苏,且这种促复苏效果在低温区间(10～15°C)更显著,可能是排泄物中菌群在生长增殖期降低了沉积物-水体界面N/P和DO的结果。研究结果对养殖水体底泥清淤和春季铜绿微囊藻水华防控具有一定的理论意义。 相似文献
13.
为精确定位鲍疱疹病毒(HaHV-1)在宿主不同组织器官中的分布,明确HaHV-1的组织亲嗜性和侵染进程,实验基于环介导等温扩增技术(LAMP)和原位杂交技术建立了HaHV-1的原位LAMP检测方法。利用该方法研究了HaHV-1人工感染实验不同时间节点,病毒在杂色鲍主要器官的分布规律和组织亲嗜性。并对已报道的HaHV-1 LAMP扩增引物进行优化,实现对载玻片上原位固定靶组织内病毒DNA的稳定、特异扩增,筛选最佳显色时间等原位杂交反应条件,最后通过免疫酶标技术分析HaHV-1在组织样本内的分布情况。结果显示,HaHV-1原位LAMP检测方法最适显色时间为60 min。利用该方法对攻毒后24、36、48、60和72 h,HaHV-1在杂色鲍外套膜、鳃、肝胰腺和腹足神经节4种样本的组织分布情况进行检测和分析。病毒阳性信号最早于36 h出现在腹足神经节,48 h在部分外套膜样本中观察到病毒阳性信号,分布局限于外周神经中。在感染实验后期,病毒阳性信号出现在肝胰腺结缔组织中。病毒阳性信号出现的部位常有大量细胞渗出和浸润,渗出的细胞中可见被病毒感染的血淋巴细胞。本研究建立的HaHV-1原位LAMP检... 相似文献
14.
报道了患短钩拟指环虫病欧洲鳗的症状、流行状况和鳃显微组织病理.游动和呼吸频率异常、鳃丝浮肿和鳃上粘液增多为该病的主要症状.该病尽管在冬季也有发生,但水温在26℃以上的春末、夏季和秋初是最易发病的流行季节,流行出现明显的季节性变化.患病欧洲鳗鳃的组织病理变化主要表现出5种类型,其一是鳃小片上皮细胞增生,使邻近的鳃小片相连;其二是鳃小片粘液细胞增生,同样使鳃小片连成一片,增生的粘液细胞经阿利新蓝(Alclan blue)和过碘酸雪夫氏(Periodic acid schiff)二者联合染色后呈蓝紫色的染色反应,属于Ⅳ型的粘液细胞;其三是鳃小片肿大,但单层扁平上皮细胞无肿大现象,上皮细胞层与毛细血管相分离,鳃小片上皮细胞坏死,上皮细胞层破裂,血细胞外溢,鳃小片上皮细胞坏死脱落后,失去鳃小片原有的结构;其四是鳃小片肿大同时伴随单层扁平上皮细胞肿大,进一步发展,鳃小片上皮细胞坏死脱落后,鳃小片同样失去原有的结构;其五是鳃小片毛细血管严重充血扩张,比原毛细血管扩张几倍到十几倍,形成充满红细胞的棒状到球状的动脉瘤.结果表明鳃上皮细胞增生、粘液细胞增生、鳃小片肿大、上皮细胞坏死脱落和严重充血成动脉瘤等病理变化都可导致患病欧洲鳗呼吸困难,轻者影响其生长,重者最终因呼吸衰竭而死亡. 相似文献
15.
为研究2009年10月下旬在广东珠海海域爆发的双胞旋沟藻赤潮对养殖鱼类及水体中其它生物的影响,实验以卤虫幼体、金鼓鱼苗和凡纳滨对虾苗作为受试生物,在赤潮现场测试双胞旋沟藻对卤虫幼体、鱼苗和虾苗的急性毒性效应。结果显示,24 h双胞旋沟藻对卤虫幼体的LC50(半致死浓度)为9.55×104/mL,藻密度为2.5×103/mL的双胞旋沟藻对卤虫幼体的LT50(半致死时间)为48.5 h。60 h内该赤潮水体对鱼苗和虾苗的存活无不利影响,卤虫幼体和金鼓鱼苗均可摄食双胞旋沟藻,卤虫幼体对双胞旋沟藻的摄食率低。研究表明,双胞旋沟藻赤潮水体对卤虫幼体有一定的毒性作用,但在低藻密度条件下,卤虫幼体能以该藻为食并维持其生命,双胞旋沟藻对金鼓鱼苗和凡纳滨对虾苗无急性毒性作用。 相似文献
16.
Araceli Hipólito-Morales A. M. Maeda-Martínez S. F. Martínez-Díaz 《Aquaculture International》2009,17(1):85-90
The effect of Microbacterium sp. strain 8L and Exiguobacterium mexicanum strain 8N was evaluated in the diet of Artemia under xenic conditions. Viable cultures of bacteria were provided to xenic cultures of Artemia in combination with Sacharomyces cerevisiae, cornflour or Spirulina, and the effect on the survival and growth was recorded. The use of these bacterial strains improves significantly the survival
of Artemia independently of the used food (P < 0.05), and variable results were observed in the growth. 相似文献
17.
Deformities of skeletal structures, the heart, and other organs are a recurrent problem in species used in intensive aquaculture.
Elevated egg incubation temperature appears to be a high risk factor in the development of these malformations, but the causal
relation has not been established. Our aim was to identify candidate genes involved in the development of heat induced deformities
in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Temperature sensitive genes were isolated by RNA Arbitrarily Primed (RAP)-PCR. A total of 33 RAP-PCR products were successfully
sequenced, and the expression of eight identified genes was further examined by RT-PCR from pooled samples of heat exposed
embryos. Five of these genes were demonstrated to be temperature sensitive, of which four were shown to be up-regulated and
one was down-regulated at elevated water temperatures. The atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) gene, which is a promising candidate for heart deformities, showed the highest level of heat induction. Three additional
RAP-PCR products identified as heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleprotein (hnRNP) A0, acyl CoA binding protein (ACBP) and mitochondrial (mt)-HSP70 showed up-regulated mRNA expression in response to elevated water temperature. The single down-regulated gene was identified
as an Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) homolog of the cysteine and tyrosine-rich 1 (CYYR1) gene. This study demonstrated that a temperature elevation of only 4 °C during the early stages of the organogenesis in
Atlantic salmon induce altered expression of a number of genes, which are candidates for the development of heat induced deformities. 相似文献
18.
为研究大菱鲆高温胁迫下相关应激基因的表达影响,采用Real-time PCR对本课题组已定位到的大菱鲆高温胁迫应答主效QTL中的4个候选基因(p53、UBE2H、ZNF469和MAGI2基因)在不同温度胁迫下的肝脏、鳃、脾脏、皮肤4个组织中的表达量进行检测。以大菱鲆正常生活水温14°C为对照组,20°C、23°C、25°C和28°C为实验组,进行数据分析。结果显示,4个基因在各个组织中均有表达,且表达量具有组织和温度特异性。其中UBE2H的表达量在4个组织中均呈现出先上升后下降的趋势,在肝脏、脾脏、皮肤组织中20°C时急剧上升并达到峰值且差异显著;在鳃组织中23°C时达峰值,差异显著。p53在4个组织中的表达量均有先上升后下降的趋势,但在鳃和皮肤组织中28°C时表达量急剧升高达到峰值且差异显著。ZNF469和MAGI2在4个组织中均在20°C时大量表达,并远高于其他温度。研究表明,在大菱鲆高温胁迫应答过程中p53基因与DNA修复和细胞凋亡密切相关,而UBE2H基因参与的泛素-蛋白酶体途径对p53基因具有反馈调节作用,是维持细胞稳态的关键基因;ZNF469和MAGI2在作为鱼类应答高温胁迫的生物标志物方面具有重要研究价值。 相似文献
19.
为探索鱼类转铁蛋白基因tf和转铁蛋白受体基因tfr1a的转录调控机制,本实验以团头鲂为研究对象,在其全基因组数据库中获取tf和tfr1a基因序列,对2个基因候选启动子区转录因子结合位点及CpG岛进行预测,通过PCR方法克隆得到tf和tfr1a基因近端启动子区不同长度片段,连接至pGL3-Basic/pEGFP-1载体,瞬时转染入Hela细胞,并采用双荧光素酶报告基因检测系统进行检测。结果发现,团头鲂tf基因启动子区无CpG岛位点,而tfr1a基因启动子区有2个CpG岛位点。成功构建9个tf和10个tfr1a不同长度启动子片段的重组质粒,经双荧光素酶报告基因系统检测发现,tf启动子核心区域为-268^+56 bp,且-1 308^-1 102 bp片段可能存在正调控该基因表达的转录因子结合位点;tfr1a启动子核心区域为-224^+48 bp,且+48^+92 bp可能存在抑制该基因转录的负调控元件,而-1 229^-1 219 bp区域可能存在促进tfr1a基因表达的正调控转录因子结合位点。 相似文献
20.
Using mark-recapture methods, the movements of the fluvial form of masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou masou) in a mountain stream on the island of Kyushu, Japan, were studied. Most (78%) of the masu salmon were recaptured in the
pool in which they had been originally caught and tagged. Of those that moved between pools, the proportion of individuals
that moved during the breeding period was not significantly higher than the proportion that moved during the non-breeding
period. However, during the breeding period, a higher proportion of larger salmon moved than did smaller fish. The proportion
of mobile large males during breeding period was higher than that for small males. Also, it was found that a few individuals
showed long-range movement in the autumn. As a long-term movement, 78 individual fish (65%) that were recaptured more than
three times showed high sedentary tendencies. Sixteen individual mobile fish (13%) moved and returned to the original pool.
Fluvial form of masu salmon in Kyushu show a high sedentary nature; however, large mature males seem to actively move in search
of female during breeding period. 相似文献