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1.
采用组织学方法系统研究了人工养殖条件下半滑舌鳎亲鱼卵巢的组织发育周年变化特征.结果表明,卵母细胞发育可分为6个时相,卵巢发育分为6期.卵巢不同发育时期都由不同类型的卵母细胞组成,半滑舌鳎为非同步分批多次产卵类型.周年发育过程中,6月龄前的鱼卵巢发育处于第Ⅰ期;9～12月龄卵巢可发育至第Ⅱ期;12月龄半滑舌鳎性腺可发育达到Ⅲ期,并一直保持至24月龄.3龄雌鱼达到性成熟,卵巢可发育至第Ⅳ期;随着水温和光周期的调控,卵巢发育进入成熟期(Ⅴ期),发生水合现象是卵母细胞成熟并准备排卵的信号;产卵结束后卵巢退化至第Ⅵ期,排出的卵母细胞退化吸收,以Ⅲ期卵巢越冬后,卵巢退化至Ⅱ期并持续至下一个繁殖周期.人工养殖条件下,卵巢内存在卵母细胞闭锁现象.性腺周年发育过程中,性腺指数(GSI)在性腺达到成熟期时达到峰值,产卵结束后性腺快速退化,GSI值各月份差异显著(P<0.05),亲鱼性腺重量在卵巢发育成熟过程中一直处于生长状态.亲鱼肝脏指数(HSI)在产卵前7～8月份(性腺达到成熟期前30 d左右)达到最大,表明7～8月份是性腺进行卵子发育、卵黄能量储备的重要时期,亲鱼在产卵前通过积极摄食储备体内能量,肝脏在卵母细胞卵黄积累方面具有重要的生理作用.肥满度(CF)值在繁殖盛期10～11月份达到最大,表现出与GSI类似的变化趋势. 相似文献
2.
研究池养黄斑篮子鱼(Siganus oramin)初次性成熟的性腺发育及季节性变化,可为其全人工繁殖提供基础数据。2019年1—7月,每月取1~+龄黄斑篮子鱼进行解剖取性腺切片,计算性腺成熟系数(GSI)和肝体指数(HSI)。结果显示,实验期间性腺发育可分为Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ5个时期,未发现Ⅰ期性腺。1月全部为Ⅱ期;2月卵巢仍为Ⅱ期,部分精巢达Ⅲ期;3月卵巢约一半发育至Ⅲ期,个别Ⅳ期,精巢主要为Ⅳ期,部分Ⅴ期,能挤出精液;4月GSI最大,精巢基本都为Ⅴ期,卵巢少部分发育成熟,绝大部分停留在Ⅲ、Ⅳ期,少量为Ⅱ期;5月繁殖个体性腺短暂进入Ⅵ期后迅速退化,未成熟个体性腺停止发育并退化;6月性腺退化至Ⅱ期;7月保持Ⅱ期,GSI进一步降低。池养黄斑篮子鱼初次性成熟雌性GSI为1.74‰～133.44‰,雄性GSI为1.06‰～138.51‰,均在3—5月出现一次高峰,HSI与GSI的变化趋势一致,但提前1个月左右达到峰值。黄斑篮子鱼卵巢发育是完全同步型,为一次产卵鱼类,繁殖期为3月底至5月初。 相似文献
3.
为解决美洲鲥(Alosa sapidissima)人工培育亲本性腺发育不佳的问题,开展了美洲鲥亲本仿洄游的培育,研究观察了美洲鲥亲本卵巢和精巢不同发育阶段(II^V期)的形态特征及相关参数,确定了仿洄游培育美洲鲥亲本性腺初次发育的特征。结果显示:在美洲鲥仿洄游培育过程中,在卵巢、精巢发育前期(II期),雌雄亲本生长迅速;而性腺发育到III期后,雌雄亲本的生长滞缓,雌鱼亲本甚至出现负生长。仿洄游培育美洲鲥性腺初次发育(II^V期)过程中,雌雄亲本均有较高的肥满度,分别为1.55~2.07和1.56~1.71;卵巢发育Ⅴ期雌鱼亲本的肥满度(2.07)显著高于在卵巢II^IV期亲本(1.55~1.67);而雄鱼亲本肥满度在精巢发育各阶段(II^V期)均无显著性差异。仿洄游培育美洲鲥性腺发育良好,雌雄亲本的性腺指数均较高,性腺发育Ⅴ期雌雄亲本的性腺指数(GSI)分别为(26.10±6.46)(18.88~33.62)和(5.18±0.68)(4.49~6.11)。研究表明,仿洄游培育的水温(10.8~30.8℃)和盐度(1~15)的周年变化符合美洲鲥亲本性腺发育的要求。 相似文献
4.
闽东海域银鲳亲鱼性腺发育后期脂类及脂肪酸蓄积特点 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
脂肪和脂肪酸是海水鱼类早期生长发育的重要结构物质和能量来源。亲鱼的脂肪和脂肪酸储备影响其繁殖性能和早期仔鱼的发育。为了获知银鲳亲鱼性腺发育后期脂类及脂肪酸蓄积特点,本研究采用氯仿甲醇法及气相色谱法定量检测了繁殖季节闽东海域野生银鲳亲鱼不同组织的总脂肪及脂肪酸含量。结果表明:亲鱼卵巢、精巢、肝脏和肌肉的总脂肪含量差异显著。卵巢、精巢、肝脏和肌肉的总脂含量分别为:35.76%,15.11%,22.07%和22.14%(占组织干重)。极性脂肪占总脂肪的比例在精巢中最高,其次为肝脏和卵巢,在肌肉中最低。性腺从Ⅳ期发育到Ⅴ期,雌鱼卵巢总脂肪和中性脂肪含量显著增加,雄鱼肌肉极性脂肪含量显著降低。中性脂肪中卵巢的20∶5n-3(EPA,2.25~3.87 mg/g)、22∶6n-3(DHA,6.71~13.03mg/g)和高不饱和脂肪酸(HUFAs,17.20~29.64 mg/g)含量最高,极性脂肪中精巢的EPA(0.38~0.27 mg/g)和DHA(3.12~3.59 mg/g)含量最高。性腺中n-3/n-6比值显著高于肝脏和肌肉中。随着卵巢发育,DHA等必需脂肪酸在雌鱼不同组织及同一组织不同脂肪类别之间存在转移现象。研究表明,银鲳亲鱼各组织的总脂肪含量、总脂肪组成及脂肪酸绝对含量(mg/g干物质)具有组织特异性,随着性腺发育,必需脂肪酸总体上表现为由肌肉和肝脏向性腺中转移,且性腺中脂肪酸的变化主要发生在中性脂肪中。 相似文献
5.
本研究通过人工配对方式对福氏刺尻鱼的性逆转进行了诱导,并从形态学和组织学层面对其性逆转过程和性腺发育进行了研究。结果表明,福氏刺尻鱼的性腺分为纯雌鱼卵巢、纯雄鱼精巢和雌雄（♀/♂）兼性期性腺3种类型。性腺均先分化为卵巢;性逆转发生于第II期卵巢阶段,通过1大1小配对诱导1~2周时,大个体雌鱼第II期卵巢停止发育并逐渐萎缩,在卵巢壁和产卵板上逐渐分化出雄性生殖细胞,性腺内雌雄生殖细胞共存,形成兼性期性腺,即为雌雄同体阶段;配对诱导3周后,兼性期性腺完全分化为早期精巢,完成性逆转,个体成为功能性雄鱼;配对诱导4周后,性逆转的雄鱼精巢和小个体雌鱼的卵巢发育成熟,开始排精产卵。本文还分析了福氏刺尻体长、体重与性逆转的关系,并对性逆转过程、特点及可能的诱导机制进行了探讨。研究结果可为开展福氏刺尻鱼人工繁育和性别控制技术研究提供理论指导,也为揭示其性腺发育及性逆转机制奠定了基础。 相似文献
6.
养殖银鲳第一次性周期性腺发育组织学 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用常规石蜡切片技术对人工养殖银鲳的性腺发育情况进行了研究。结果表明,在1～2月龄,养殖银鲳精巢处于第Ⅰ期;3～4月龄发育至第Ⅱ期;5月龄时发育至第Ⅲ期;6月龄时发育到第Ⅳ期;在7月龄时即能达到性成熟;在越冬的8～10月龄退化至第Ⅲ期,之后又开始重新发育,并在11～12月龄达到成熟。卵巢在3～4月龄时发育至第Ⅰ期;5月份发育至第Ⅱ期;6月龄发育到第Ⅲ期;7～8月龄的越冬时期卵巢退至第Ⅱ期;越冬之后的9～10月龄时卵巢继续发育,并在11～12月龄时达到性成熟。银鲳精巢和卵巢发育都为不完全同步型,且精巢发育较卵巢快。本研究为银鲳性腺发育及人工繁育研究提供了基础资料。 相似文献
7.
范厝库区鲂雌性成熟年龄为3龄，雄鱼2龄；性成熟后，鲂性腺发育具有明显周年变化规律，卵巢精巢可分为六个发育时期：冬季，达性成熟的鲂卵巢为Ⅲ期，精巢为Ⅳ期；每年5月份雌鱼成熟系数提高，是该库鲂鱼的主要产卵期；3～5龄鲂绝对生殖力均值为157000粒，相对生殖力均值为218粒。 相似文献
8.
采用组织学方法和放射免疫法(RIA)等技术方法,研究了人工养殖条件下条斑星鲽雄性亲鱼精巢发育规律和性类固醇激素的年周期变化规律。实验结果表明,条斑星鲽精巢中可见5个时相的生殖细胞类型,精巢发育可分为5期。条斑星鲽雄鱼GSI值自10月开始升高,12月达峰值(P≤0.05),之后显著下降并保持较低值至下一次生殖周期开始。HSI值在11～12月保持较高表达值,其他各月份保持相对稳定水平。CF值在5～8月保持较高水平,其他月份保持平稳状态。雄鱼血浆中睾酮(T)水平自9月开始升高并在12月(Ⅴ期精巢)达到峰值,其后显著下降并在其后的月份保持较低水平,而雌二醇(E2)在2月出现峰值,其他月份保持相对稳定水平。 相似文献
9.
采用常规解剖学和组织学方法,研究人工养殖条件下云南盘鮈（Discogobio yunnanensis）成鱼性腺发育及周年变化情况,为云南盘鮈全人工化繁殖提供基础资料。实验时间为2016年6月至2017年6月,每月中旬解剖成鱼取性腺,雌雄各5～8尾,活体状态下测量常规生物学数据,解剖后肉眼观察性别及性腺发育情况,并记录色泽等其他外形特征。取性腺称重并测量其长度和宽度,计算其性腺成熟系数（GSI）,观察其性腺发育状况。结果表明,云南盘鮈在人工养殖条件下可以性成熟,并能繁殖后代。卵巢发育可分为Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ期,Ⅱ期卵巢持续时间最长（6-11月）,11月开始出现Ⅲ期卵巢,12月主要为Ⅱ、Ⅲ期卵巢,次年1-3月主要为Ⅲ期卵巢,4-5月主要为Ⅳ期卵巢,5月底到达Ⅴ期即成熟期,排卵后,进入短暂的Ⅵ期,后迅速退化至Ⅱ期。本实验没有观察到Ⅰ期性腺。云南盘鮈精巢发育也可分为5期。6-12月主要为Ⅱ期精巢,12月开始出现Ⅲ期精巢,以Ⅱ、Ⅲ期精巢过冬;次年1-3月主要为Ⅲ期精巢,含少量Ⅱ、Ⅳ期精巢,4月主要为Ⅳ、Ⅴ期精巢,5月全为Ⅴ期精巢,6月则以Ⅱ期精巢为主,含少量Ⅴ、Ⅵ期精巢。云南盘鮈卵巢成熟系数为1%~18%,最大成熟系数18%;精巢成熟系数为0.2%~8.0%,最大成熟系数为8.0%;性腺成熟系数在4-6月出现一次高峰,成熟系数变化趋势与周年变化一致,说明云南盘鮈为一次产卵类型鱼类,且繁殖期集中在5月底至6月初。 相似文献
10.
养殖圆斑星鲽血浆性类固醇激素表达与卵巢发育及温光调控的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
系统研究了人工养殖条件下圆斑星鲽(Verasper variegatus)亲鱼血浆性类固醇激素的年周期变化规律及其与卵巢发育成熟及温光调控的关系.结果表明,圆斑星鲽卵巢发育属非同步分批发育模式,一年一次成熟分批产卵类型.卵巢年周期发育过程中可见5个发育时相的卵母细胞,卵巢发育可化分为4个成熟阶段,6个发育时期.性腺指数(GSI)、肝脏指数(HSI)和肥满度(CF)在亲鱼的年周期发育中呈现规律性的变化.亲鱼血浆中雌二醇(E2)在产卵期达峰值;排卵结束后,E2表达水平降至较低水平.血浆中睾酮(T)含量在10月达峰值,并在产卵期间保持相对较高表达水平.统计分析表明,血浆E2水平与GSI和HSI值的变化都呈现显著的正相关关系（P＜0.05）.水温和光周期对卵巢发育具有明显的影响并显著影响E2的表达,GSI与水温存在显著的负相关关系(P＜0.05）,HSI与水温存在显著的负相关关系(P＜0.05),而CF与光周期现显著的负相关关系(P＜0.05).结论认为,圆斑星鲽雌性亲鱼血浆性类固醇激素表达水平变化与性腺发育（卵母细胞成熟）、水等具有显著的相关关系.本研究结果可作为温光调控人工亲鱼性腺发育成熟、激素诱导亲鱼产卵的重要参考技术依据. 相似文献
11.
Lucas Rezende Penido Paschoal Leo Jaime Filgueira de Oliveira Guilherme Casemiro Andrioli Fernando Jos Zara 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(12):3589-3596
The gonadosomatic (GSI) and hepatosomatic (HSI) indexes are widely used for the evaluation of reproductive biology in crustaceans. However, the use of either wet or dry weight for estimating these indexes is not standardized in the literature. Here, we compare the GSI and HSI indexes based on wet and dry samples of females of Macrobrachium amazonicum from populations with different phenotypes (large and small‐size prawns) as a model. In our analysis, for GSI, the application of wet weight tended to overestimate the values recorded in the initial (I‐II) and intermediate (III) stages of ovarian development, and underestimate the results in the final (IV‐V) stages when compared to the use of dry weight. This could be attributed to the reduction in cytoplasmic organelles and water content of the cytosol due to the increase in yolk and lipids in the oocytes throughout ovarian development. For HSI, no significant differences were detected between wet and dry samples. However, the dry HSI computed at all stages of development was overestimated when compared to the use of wet samples, and only the hepatopancreas of females at the final stage (V) showed a significant decrease in water content. Thus, our results indicate that M. amazonicum females maintain constant hepatopancreatic reserves throughout ovarian development. In this way, the use of dry weight is more adequate to estimate GSI and HSI in this species. 相似文献
12.
Minerva Maldonado-García Vicente Gracia-López Manuel Carrillo Agustín Hernández-Herrera & Carmen Rodríguez-Jaramillo 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(6):554-563
The reproductive biology of the Blackfin snook Centropomus medius was studied to expand our current knowledge on its aquaculture potential. From April 2001 to November 2002, 301 females and 193 males were captured. A 1:1.6 (male:female) ratio was found. Gonadosomatic (GSI) and hepatosomatic (HSI) indices suggested that the spawning period (SP) extended from September to November, with peak spawning activity in September (GSI=0.98% and HSI=0.7%). The period of pre‐gametogenesis extended from January to June. During the post‐SP in December, 90% of oocytes were pre‐vitellogenic and 10% were atretic. Histological analysis of gonads (haematoxylin–eosin, Sudan black B, Alcian blue PAS, Cleveland Wolfe) showed five stages of oocyte development, each occurring at a characteristic range of oocyte diameters (μm): (I) pre‐vitellogenic (25–55); (II) cortical alveoli (56–250); (III) vitellogenic (251–340); (IV) maturation (341–645) and (V) atretic (21–100). Five reproductive stages were identified for testis morphology: (I) regressed; (II) early maturation; (III) mid‐maturation; (IV) full maturation and (V) regression. The type of ovarian development in C. medius was identified as a group synchronous. 相似文献
13.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of five isonitrogenous (35% crude protein) diets having different
energy contents; 10.85, 11.82, 12.73, 13.69, and 15.06 MJ DE/kg, respectively, on the gonad development and weight gain of
Sharptooth catfish fingerlings. Energy contents of the experimental diets were increased with the increasing amount of soy-acid
oil (0, 4, 8.5, 13, 18%) and each group of fish was fed on their respective diets (group I was fed diet I) during 180 days.
The gonad maturation was significantly affected by dietary energy. In both sexes, the histological inspections of the gonads
did reveal differences among the fish fed different energetic diets. Fish fed diets I, II, and III had significantly heavier
and more developed gonads compared to those on diets IV and V. Fish fed the higher energetic diets (IV and V) had partially
low numbers of yolky oocytes compared to other groups. The mean GSI values of female and male fish fed with diet III was significantly
greater than those fed diets with higher dietary energy; however, higher HSI values were recorded for fish fed with the higher
energetic diets (IV and V). Also, the best weight gain for both males and females were recorded from the fish fed diet III
(12.73 MJ DE/kg). Therefore, on the basis of the present results, among energy levels tested, 12.73 MJ DE/kg was found to
be optimal for healthy gonad development and weight gain. 相似文献
14.
The seasonal changes in hepatosomatic index (HSI), gonadosomatic index (GSI) and plasma estradiol‐17β (E2) level in female rabbit fish (Siganus guttatus) were investigated. The relationship between plasma E2 levels with these indices and ovarian growth was also evaluated. Each month, at least 10 female broodfish were sacrificed to collect liver, ovary and blood for HSI, GSI and plasma E2, respectively. GSI and HSI were calculated as percentage (%) of relative weight of gonad and liver to total body weight, respectively. Plasma E2 level was measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method (ELISA). Ovaries were cut and stained for histological observation. The results included seasonal changes in plasma E2 levels, stages of ovarian development, GSI and HSI. The highest level of E2 was observed in June (1,445.62 pg/ml) and during vitellogenesis (2,305 pg/ml). GSI and HSI values significant fluctuated monthly. The highest HSI and GSI were 1.72% in May and 3.58% in June, respectively. The pattern of plasma E2 levels showed a relationship with GSI and different stages of ovarian development. HSI was associated with ovarian stages. During vitellogenesis, the highest value (1.9%) of HSI was observed. Histological sections showed that rabbit fish is a multiple spawner. These results contribute to further understanding of female rabbit fish reproductive biology in captivity. Important reproductive parameters such as HSI, GSI and E2 can be used to indicate maturation status of this fish species. 相似文献
15.
Hervey Rodríguez‐González Alfredo Hernández‐Llamas Manuel García‐Ulloa Humberto Villarreal 《Aquaculture Research》2013,45(1):80-86
The effect of two crude dietary protein (26% and 32% P) and two lipid levels (4.7% and 12% L) on gonadal development of female redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus was determined. The gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI), biochemical composition of gonad and hepatopancreas, oocyte diameter and frequency of the developmental stage of oocytes were analysed. The GSI was significantly less using 26% P to 4.7% L. A significant interaction between P and L content was found for GSI. A significantly higher HSI value was obtained when L was 12%. P content in the hepatopancreas was significantly higher using 32% P and 4.7% L. The maximum L content in the hepatopancreas was obtained from the 32% P and 12% L diet. A significant interaction between P and L content was found for L content in the hepatopancreas. A higher frequency of post‐vitellogenic oocytes was obtained with diets containing 32% P. There was an interaction between dietary P and L level causing lipid accumulation in the hepatopancreas and changes in GSI. For an optimum 32% P, excess dietary lipid is bioaccumulated in the hepatopancreas, indicating that there is excess available energy. When the P and L levels are restricted, there is a limited gonad development, thus affecting overall reproduction in female C. quadricarinatus. 相似文献
16.
Zhijun Liu Xugan Wu Yongxu Cheng Chaoshu Zeng Xiaozhen Yang 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(3):417-426
The present study investigated the external and histological changes in the ovary and measured the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) during the re‐maturation of the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. The results show that the ovarian re‐maturation cycle of this crab species can be divided into four stages, i.e. Stage I: the ovary had an X shape and appeared milky white or with a mottled buff colour, and the dominant gametocyte at the stage were oogonia (OG, 28.3%) and previtellogenic oocytes (PR, 31.6%); Stage II: the ovary appeared light yellow or tan in colour, dominated by endogenous vitellogeic oocytes (EN, 69.3%). The yolk globules of unreleased mature oocytes (MO) from the previous spawn were absorbed, leaving many vacuoles in the retrogressing MO; Stage III: the ovary appeared crimson red or deep purple, and although the main type of gametocyte was exogenous vitellogenic oocytes (EX), near‐mature oocytes (NO) could also be found in the late phase of the ovarian development stage; Stage IV: the ovary was ripe and filled with MO that contained large yolk globules. During the period of the second ovarian maturation cycle, the GSI increased significantly from the time just after the first spawning (P<0.01). However, although HSI appeared to decrease within days after spawning (DAS), no significant correlation was found between GSI and HSI or between HSI and DAS (P>0.05). Furthermore, the final GSI and the volume of MO of E. sinensis during the second maturation cycle were drastically lower than those of the first maturation cycle. 相似文献
17.
银鲳亲鱼不同组织的氨基酸及其随性腺发育的变化 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
测定了海捕银鲳亲鱼肌肉,肝脏和性腺组织的氨基酸,并分析了不同性腺发育阶段的氨基酸变化。结果表明,雄性V期亲鱼精巢中的牛磺酸含量最高（27.8mg/g）,显著高于肌肉和肝脏组织,而雄性V期亲鱼氨基酸总量在肌肉中最高（631.4 mg/g）,其次是精巢（544.8 mg/g）和肝脏（468.0 mg/g）组织。雌性亲鱼肝脏中的牛磺酸含量（13.7 mg/g）显著高于卵巢和肌肉组织。在卵巢从III期发育到V期过程中,雌性亲鱼肌肉和肝脏中的氨基酸总量在V期下降显著,而卵巢氨基酸总量维持稳定。在总氨基酸的组成上,肌肉中含量高的氨基酸为Glu,Lys, Asp,Leu和Arg;肝脏中含量高的为Glu,Lys, Asp,Val和Leu;精巢中含量高为Glu,Asp, Lys, Arg和Val;卵巢含量高中为Glu,Lys,Leu,Val和Asp。性别和性腺发育阶段对亲鱼肌肉总氨基酸组成无影响。游离氨基酸含量在III 、IV和 V期卵巢中的含量分别为17.7 mg/g ,41.5 mg/g和29.6 mg/g,且其组成随性腺发育阶段的不同而有显著差异。 相似文献
18.
长鳍吻鮈性腺发育的初步观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用常规石蜡切片技术对野生长鳍吻鮈(Rhinogobio ventralis(Sauvage et Dabry))性腺进行了组织学观察,描述了其各类型生殖细胞形态及卵巢、精巢的分期特征。结果显示:长鳍吻鮈卵巢为细线状或扁条状,精巢为细线状或直棍状;卵细胞发生经历了卵原细胞、初级卵母细胞和次级卵母细胞3个阶段,精细胞发生经历了精原细胞、初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精子细胞及精子5个阶段;性腺发育分为6个时期,卵巢中第Ⅱ时相晚期至Ⅲ时相早期的初级卵母细胞中出现核仁外排现象;同一时期卵巢中存在多种时相的卵母细胞,故推测其卵巢发育类型为部分同步型,精巢为小叶型结构。 相似文献