共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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采用组织学方法、形态测量法、放射免疫法(RIA)等技术方法,研究了人工养殖条件下条斑星鲽雌性亲鱼卵巢发育成熟和性类固醇激素的年周期变化规律.结果表明,条斑星鲽属于非同步分批产卵类型.卵母细胞按其组织学特点可分为6个时相,卵巢发育依据其形态特征可划分为相应的6个时期.卵巢年周期发育过程中,性腺指数(GSI)、肝脏指数(HSI)和肥满度(CF)发生变化,表现出与性腺发育协同一致的变化规律.统计分析表明,卵巢年周期发育过程中,GSI和HSI值与CF值都存在显著的正相关关系,GSI值的变化与水温调控呈显著的负相关关系.亲鱼血浆中雌二醇(E2)在6月份开始升高,9月份达到年周期中的第1个小高峰,翌年2月份,E2表达水平达到最高峰值,4月产卵结束后,E2表达水平降低并维持较低水平至下一个生殖季节.血浆中睾酮(T)含量在7月达到第1个峰值,并在翌年1月份达到第2个峰值,在4月份产卵后降至最低水平并维持至下一个生殖季节.统计分析表明,E2与T存在正相关关系,E2与光周期调控存在正相关关系,同时与GSI和CF呈弱的正相关关系. 相似文献
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养殖圆斑星鲽血浆性类固醇激素表达与卵巢发育及温光调控的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
系统研究了人工养殖条件下圆斑星鲽(Verasper variegatus)亲鱼血浆性类固醇激素的年周期变化规律及其与卵巢发育成熟及温光调控的关系.结果表明,圆斑星鲽卵巢发育属非同步分批发育模式,一年一次成熟分批产卵类型.卵巢年周期发育过程中可见5个发育时相的卵母细胞,卵巢发育可化分为4个成熟阶段,6个发育时期.性腺指数(GSI)、肝脏指数(HSI)和肥满度(CF)在亲鱼的年周期发育中呈现规律性的变化.亲鱼血浆中雌二醇(E2)在产卵期达峰值;排卵结束后,E2表达水平降至较低水平.血浆中睾酮(T)含量在10月达峰值,并在产卵期间保持相对较高表达水平.统计分析表明,血浆E2水平与GSI和HSI值的变化都呈现显著的正相关关系（P＜0.05）.水温和光周期对卵巢发育具有明显的影响并显著影响E2的表达,GSI与水温存在显著的负相关关系(P＜0.05）,HSI与水温存在显著的负相关关系(P＜0.05),而CF与光周期现显著的负相关关系(P＜0.05).结论认为,圆斑星鲽雌性亲鱼血浆性类固醇激素表达水平变化与性腺发育（卵母细胞成熟）、水等具有显著的相关关系.本研究结果可作为温光调控人工亲鱼性腺发育成熟、激素诱导亲鱼产卵的重要参考技术依据. 相似文献
3.
雌核发育与正常二倍体条斑星鲽胚胎发育比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在用牙鲆精子诱导条斑星鲽雌核发育的同时,对条斑星鲽单倍体、雌核发育胚胎发育过程进行了观察,并与普通胚胎发育作了比较.观察结果表明,(1)单倍体胚胎,卵裂开始至64细胞期,发育速度较普通胚胎发育发育速度明显缓慢,至多细胞期发育速度相同,历时14 h;到达高囊胚期比普通二倍体慢1.5 h,到达低囊胚期发育速度相同,历时31 h;到达原肠末期、神经胚期、晶体形成期历时相同,其他发育时期一直处于缓慢状态;孵化仔鱼具有明显的单倍体综合症.(2)雌核发育与普通胚胎的发育的特征相比无明显区别,在卵裂期发育速度明显迟缓,但在囊胚期以后,所用时间基本相同;孵化时间比普通胚胎长约1 h.(3)与普通胚胎相比,雌核发育胚胎、单倍体胚胎孵化率较低,仔鱼畸形率高. 相似文献
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为掌握养殖银鲳的性腺发育规律及其与性类固醇激素水平的关系,本研究采用组织切片技术和酶联免疫吸附法(Elisa),观察养殖条件下银鲳的精巢与卵巢发育特征和血清中性类固醇激素的周年变化,并分析性腺成熟指数(GSI)、肝重指数(HSI)和肥满度(CF)与性腺发育的关系。结果显示,养殖银鲳雌鱼1龄即可发育成熟,成熟卵巢呈一对""形的囊状结构。11月份有近一半个体发育至III期,33.3%已发育至IV期,12月—翌年1月越冬期间约2/3退化至II期,3月又迅速发育至IV期,4月份达到V期并产卵,5月份产卵结束卵巢进入恢复期IV期。银鲳精巢属小叶型,III期精巢出现小叶腔,IV期精巢出现精子,精巢发育速率快于卵巢,即"雄性早熟",7月龄约20%个体可达到性成熟,越冬时退化至III期,3月重新发育,精子分批成熟排精。雌鱼GSI值为0.19%~12.89%,HSI为0.97%~2.30%,CF为2.30~3.08 g/cm~3,雄鱼的GSI为0.08%~2.62%,HSI值为0.73%~1.83%,CF为2.11~2.80 g/cm~3,GSI值在V期时达到最大,HSI和CF值则于IV期达到峰值。雌鱼血清中雌二醇(E2)周年表达水平为23.27~59.13 pg/m L,雄鱼为15.90~36.20 pg/m L,雌鱼的睾酮(T)为14.57~68.67 nmol/L,雄鱼的T为18.62~66.49 nmol/L,E2水平与HSI值呈现显著正相关关系,T表达水平与GSI值呈现显著正相关关系。研究表明,银鲳血清中性类固醇激素含量与精巢和卵巢的发育密切相关,可作为了解养殖银鲳性腺发育的重要指标。 相似文献
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条斑星鲽俗称"花豹子"、"花边爪"。笔者从2005年开始进行条斑星鲽的养殖生产,试验表明,条斑星鲽是一个值得推广的工厂化养殖优良品种。现将其养殖技术简要介绍如下:一、养殖设施目前,条斑星鲽的养殖方法与其他鲆鲽类相似,工厂化养殖是条斑星鲽的主要养殖方式。可利用大菱鲆工厂化养殖池,养殖池面积一般为30～60米2,池深60～70厘米。 相似文献
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本研究筛选到圆斑星鲽(Verasper variegatus)的性别相关基因sox9,并通过RACE技术获得了全长序列,基因全长为3287 bp,包括1431 bp的ORF,编码477个氨基酸,368 bp的5¢ UTR和1488 bp的3¢ UTR。在3¢ UTR中有多聚腺苷酸尾和加尾信号AATAAA。通过荧光定量PCR测定了sox9基因在圆斑星鲽成鱼不同组织中的表达水平,发现sox9基因在圆斑星鲽的脑、眼、鳃、心、肝、胆、肠、精巢、卵巢、肾和肌肉等各个组织中都有不同程度的表达。在鳃、脑和精巢组织中检测到较高水平的sox9转录,其中精巢中的转录水平显著高于其他组织,sox9基因在性腺中的表达显示出性别两相性差异。其在精巢中的表达水平要显著高于卵巢,说明sox9基因与雄性性腺发育相关。通过测定sox9基因在圆斑星鲽幼鱼不同发育时期(20、30、40、50、60、70和80日龄)的表达水平,发现其在20~50日龄表达量逐渐下降,在60日龄时表达量上升,推测表达量上升可能与幼鱼性腺分化相关。 相似文献
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通过组织切片、酶联免疫吸附及荧光定量PCR等方法,研究了尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)卵巢发育过程中性类固醇激素(雌二醇E2、孕酮P)、卵黄蛋白原(Vtg)含量及Vtg mRNA相对表达水平变化规律。结果表明,尼罗罗非鱼性腺指数(GSI)与卵巢成熟发育间呈同步性变化,Ⅴ期达到峰值。血清中E2含量自卵巢Ⅱ期开始显著升高,Ⅳ期达到峰值,Ⅴ期后显著下降;血清P含量自卵巢Ⅱ期开始不断升高,Ⅴ期达到峰值,Ⅵ期显著下降;E2、P分别在卵巢成熟发育前期与后期发挥作用。肝中Vtg含量先升、后降,Ⅳ期达峰值;血清、卵巢中Vtg含量均自Ⅱ期开始增加,Ⅴ期达峰值,Ⅵ期显著降低;不同组织中Vtg含量变化与卵巢成熟发育间存在密切关联。肝中Vtg mRNA表达水平在Ⅲ期达到峰值,Ⅳ期后持续下调;卵巢中Vtg mRNA表达水平相对较低,Ⅴ期达到峰值;初步推测肝、卵巢同是尼罗罗非鱼Vtg合成部位,肝是Vtg合成的主要器官,在卵黄积累阶段最为活跃,而卵巢Vtg合成水平相对较低。 相似文献
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异源精子诱导条斑星鲽雌核发育 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用冷冻保存的花鲈精子作为异源精子,采用紫外线（UV）对精子进行照射使其遗传物质失活,然后与卵子进行授精,可以刺激条斑星鲽鱼卵进行雌核发育,在受精后一定时间采用冷休克处理“受精”卵,抑制第二极体排出成功获得了条斑星鲽雌核发育二倍体鱼苗。实验表明,花鲈精子只有经过紫外线照射遗传失活后,才能诱导产生条斑星鲽雌核发育二倍体鱼苗。经过大量实验筛选出诱导条斑星鲽雌核发育的最佳条件为花鲈冷冻精子采用80 MJ/cm2 的紫外线照射,然后与条斑星鲽卵子进行授精,在受精后7~9 min,将受精卵放在-1.0~1.5 ℃海水中进行冷休克处理,持续时间为60~90 min,在此条件下,获得的雌核发育二倍体的相对诱导率达40.68%±7.24%。由于不失活精子与条斑星鲽卵形成的杂交胚只能存活到原肠期,而染色体未被成功加倍的胚胎会由于单倍体的致死效应在孵化前后死亡,所以存活的仔鱼全部为条斑星鲽雌核发育二倍体。采用微卫星标记技术对雌核发育鱼苗进行了分析,证明了雌核发育鱼苗为雌核发育二倍体。首次报道了采用异源冷冻精子诱导条斑星鲽鱼卵进行雌核发育的技术方法,为条斑星鲽性别控制和遗传改良提供了技术手段。 相似文献
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本研究旨在探究维生素C(V_C)对圆斑星鲽(Verasper variegatus)早期发育中孵化率、出膜率和成活率的影响,对其消化酶和脂蛋白脂酶(Lipoprotein lipase,LPL)及肝脂酶(Hepatic Lipase,HL)的影响。实验用圆斑星鲽为人工受精卵,分为5组,孵化水体V_C浓度分别为0、20、25、30和35 mg/L,分别在成熟卵、受精卵、原肠中期、晶体出现期、内源营养期(2日龄)、混合营养期(6日龄)及外源营养期(9日龄)取样。记录圆斑星鲽的出膜时间、出膜率和成活率,测定对照组和生长指标优越组的消化酶活性和2种酯酶的活性。结果显示,25 mg/L的V_C能显著提高圆斑星鲽的出膜率和成活率,并缩短出膜时间(P0.05)。V_C能促进圆斑星鲽早期发育过程中蛋白质的沉积。外源营养期后,胃蛋白酶活性显著提高(P0.05),淀粉酶活性在混合营养期显著提高(P0.05),脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶活性在内源营养期就显著提高(P0.05)。25 mg/L V_C溶液浸泡使圆斑星鲽胚胎发育过程中的LPL和HL比活力显著升高(P0.05)。合子中的LPL和HL基因可能在原肠期开始表达,合成脂质水解酶分解脂质,为胚胎发育供能。研究表明,圆斑星鲽成熟卵受精后脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶酶优先发挥作用,分解卵黄中的碳水化合物为胚胎发育迅速提供能量。25 mg/L的V_C能显著提高消化酶活性,并促进蛋白质的沉积,有利于孵化成活的V_C浓度可以显著促进圆斑星鲽早期发育的脂质代谢。 相似文献
11.
Jin GX Wen HS He F Li JF Chen CF Zhang JR Chen XY Shi B Shi D Yang YP Qi BX Li N 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2012,38(3):807-817
P450c17, a key steroidogenic enzyme, plays important roles in the production of sex steroid and cortisol. In teleost, there are two types of P450c17, P450c17-I possessing 17α-hydroxylase and 17, 20-lyase activities, and P450c17-II only possessing 17α-hydroxylase activity. This work describes the molecular cloning of the cDNA encoding the barfin flounder (Verasper moseri) P450c17-I and P450c17-II by means of RT-PCR and 5' and 3' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) analyses and mRNA expression profiles analyzing by semiquantitative RT-PCR. Respectively, P450c17-I and P450c17-II mRNA levels in the testes correlated with serum testosterone (T) level, as well as gonadosomatic index (GSI) of males during specific stages of spermatogenesis. P450c17-I and P450c17-II mRNA were expressed in the testis and ovary, suggesting that both of them participate in the production of sex steroid in barfin flounder gonads. P450c17-I mRNA was undetectable; in contrast, P450c17-II mRNA was detected at the highest level in the head kidney, meaning that only P450c17-II is involved in the production of cortisol in barfin flounder. The results demonstrated that both of P450c17-I and P450c17-II participate in the production of sex steroid in male barfin flounder gonads. 相似文献
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Effects of photoperiod on gonadotropin-releasing hormone levels in the brain and pituitary of underyearling male barfin flounder 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Masafumi AMANO Takeshi YAMANOME Hideaki YAMADA Koichi OKUZAWA Kunio YAMAMORI 《Fisheries Science》2004,70(5):812-818
ABSTRACT: A pleuronectiform fish, the barfin flounder Verasper moseri , expresses three gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) forms in the brain: salmon GnRH (sGnRH), chicken GnRH-II (cGnRH-II) and seabream GnRH (sbGnRH). To clarify the effects of photoperiod on GnRH systems, changes in brain and pituitary GnRH peptide levels were examined using time-resolved fluoroimmunoassays. In experiment 1, 5-month-old male barfin flounder (mean total length 9.0 cm, body weight 11.0 g) were divided into short (8:16 h light : dark [L:D] cycle; lights on 08.00–16.00 hours) and long photoperiod (16:8 h L:D cycle; lights on 04.00–20.00 hours) groups in mid September and maintained until November under natural water temperature (19.3–15.2°C). Brain sGnRH concentrations were significantly higher in the 16:8 h L:D group than in the 8:16 h L:D group, whereas no significant differences were observed in total length, body weight, plasma testosterone concentration, brain cGnRH-II concentration and pituitary sbGnRH content. In experiment 2, 7-month-old male barfin flounder (mean total length 16.5 cm, body weight 76.8 g) were divided into short and long photoperiod groups in mid December and maintained until February under natural water temperature (12.5–6.6°C). Total length, body weight and condition factor were significantly greater in the 16:8 h L:D group than in the 8:16 h L:D group, whereas no significant differences were observed in plasma testosterone concentration and GnRH levels in the brain and pituitary. These results indicate that levels of sGnRH in barfin flounder are influenced by photoperiodic treatment dependent on water temperature and/or body size. 相似文献
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采用组织学方法系统研究了人工养殖条件下半滑舌鳎亲鱼卵巢的组织发育周年变化特征.结果表明,卵母细胞发育可分为6个时相,卵巢发育分为6期.卵巢不同发育时期都由不同类型的卵母细胞组成,半滑舌鳎为非同步分批多次产卵类型.周年发育过程中,6月龄前的鱼卵巢发育处于第Ⅰ期;9～12月龄卵巢可发育至第Ⅱ期;12月龄半滑舌鳎性腺可发育达到Ⅲ期,并一直保持至24月龄.3龄雌鱼达到性成熟,卵巢可发育至第Ⅳ期;随着水温和光周期的调控,卵巢发育进入成熟期(Ⅴ期),发生水合现象是卵母细胞成熟并准备排卵的信号;产卵结束后卵巢退化至第Ⅵ期,排出的卵母细胞退化吸收,以Ⅲ期卵巢越冬后,卵巢退化至Ⅱ期并持续至下一个繁殖周期.人工养殖条件下,卵巢内存在卵母细胞闭锁现象.性腺周年发育过程中,性腺指数(GSI)在性腺达到成熟期时达到峰值,产卵结束后性腺快速退化,GSI值各月份差异显著(P<0.05),亲鱼性腺重量在卵巢发育成熟过程中一直处于生长状态.亲鱼肝脏指数(HSI)在产卵前7～8月份(性腺达到成熟期前30 d左右)达到最大,表明7～8月份是性腺进行卵子发育、卵黄能量储备的重要时期,亲鱼在产卵前通过积极摄食储备体内能量,肝脏在卵母细胞卵黄积累方面具有重要的生理作用.肥满度(CF)值在繁殖盛期10～11月份达到最大,表现出与GSI类似的变化趋势. 相似文献
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利用cDNA末端快速克隆(Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends,RACE)方法获得了漠斑牙鲆(Paralichthys lethostigma)促黄体素(Luteinizing Hormone,LH)β亚基的cDNA全长序列,检测了LHβ亚基mRNA的组织表达水平,揭示了垂体、肝脏和卵巢中LHβ亚基mRNA在卵巢发育周期中的表达水平变化,利用酶联免疫技术(Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay,ELISA)测定了血浆LH和雌二醇(Estrodiol,E2)表达水平的变化。结果表明,漠斑牙鲆为卵巢非同步发育分批产卵性鱼类,LHβ亚基cDNA序列全长597 bp,开放阅读框(Open reading frame,ORF)长438 bp,编码145个氨基酸,LHβ亚基mRNA具有广泛的组织分布特性。与肝脏和卵巢相比,垂体中LHβ亚基mRNA表达水平在卵巢发育各个阶段都有较高表达水平,在IV期表达水平迅速升高至较高水平并保持至VI期。卵巢中LHβmRNA表达水平在V期达到峰值,而肝脏中LHβmRNA表达水平在II期时达到峰值,在V期也有相对较高的表达水平。血浆LH和E2表达水平在卵巢发育周期中均呈现趋势一致的规律性变化。研究结果可为认识漠斑牙鲆生殖调控机制提供基础资料。 相似文献
15.
首次证实了孕酮和雌二醇这两种类固醇激素在中国对虾体内的存在.在性腺未发育阶段,肝胰腺、卵巢和血液中两种激素的含量均很低氐,难以检测到.而在卵黄发生前期(核仁周边期),三种组织中孕酮和雌二醇含量迅速上升,卵巢的雌二醇含量达到高峰(450.1±86.7).进入初级卵黄发生阶段,三种组织中,两种激素均具较高含量,卵巢和肝胰腺的孕酮含量(分别为1975
1±175.2和902.6±130.5pg/g)以及血淋巴中的雌二醇含量(451.3±73.7)达到高峰.到了次级卵黄发生阶段,孕酮和雌二醇的含量迅速下降,肝胰腺等组织中儿乎检测不到.对虾性腺指数(GSl)的增长既显著且有规律性,每一期增长幅度都达到或超过l00%.肝胰腺指数(HSI)从性腺未发育期(3.4±04)到卵黄发生前期(4.9±0
7)以及从卵黄发生前期到初级卵H黄发生期(6.3±1.0)有显著的增长,而从初级卵黄发生期到次级卵黄发生期HSI增长不显著(6.7±1.2).肝胰腺指数的增长与两种类固醇激素含量的变化具相似的趋势.上述结果显示,孕酮和雌二醇可能具有刺激和凋控中国对虾性腺发育的作用,肝胰腺可能是卵黄蛋白原的合成场所. 相似文献
16.
《水生生物资源》2000,13(2):99-106
From April 1995 to April 1996, the annual reproductive cycle of male Eurasian perch Perca fluviatilis was studied at the Lindre Center (Moselle, France). At monthly intervals, five males (mean body weight of 133 ± 43 g and total length of 175 ± 9 mm) were caught. From sampled organs, the gonadosomatic (GSI), hepatosomatic (HSI) and viscerosomatic indexes (VSI) were calculated and plasma testosterone (T) and 11-ketotestosterone (11KT) levels were measured. After the spawning period in mid-April, GSI and HSI dropped and VSI increased to 3.8 ± 0.1 %. In September, GSI reached its maximum (8.5 ± 1.8 %). At this time, spermatocytes, spermatids and spermatozoa were abundant, whereas in June only spermatogonia were observed. During winter, GSI was stable at approximately 5 %, HSI reached its maximum (1.9 ± 0.3 %) and VSI was low (2.6 ± 0.2 %). From April to November 1995, plasma T and 11KT concentrations were low (< 0.5 ng·mL–1). Plasma T levels increased significantly in December and reached peak levels (12.3 ± 2.1 ng·mL–1) in January, then decreased in February and increased again until spawning in April (6.8 ± 2.1 ng·mL–1). This second elevation could be related to the beginning of a new spermatogenic cycle. Plasma levels of 11KT increased significantly from October to February 1996 (4.9 ± 1.1 ng·mL–1). From February to the spawning period (April 1996), plasma 11KT decreased significantly, but values were significantly higher than those measured in fall. Males were spermiating from January to spawning in April. 相似文献
17.
YASUNORI KOYA KIYOSHI SOYANO KAZUHISA YAMAMOTO HIROYUKI OBANA TAKAHIRO MATSUBARA 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(5):1099-1105
The present study investigates the relationship between testicular development and serum steroid hormone levels in captive Pacific herring Clupea pallasii during the first reproductive cycle. The maturity of the testis was divided into five periods based on histological observation. These are early spermatogenic stage (April to July), mid-spermatogenic stage (August to November), late spermatogenic stage (December to March), functional maturation stage (early April) and spent stage (late April). The pattern of seasonal change in gonadosomatic index (GSI) clearly reflected testicular maturity. 11-Ketotestosterone (11-KT) levels increased from October to a peak level (6.58 ± 1.87 ng/mL) in January, and were maintained at this level until March. In contrast, testosterone levels were consistently low, less than 1 ng/mL, at all times. These results suggest that 11-KT is the predominant androgen that controls spermatogenesis in this species. 17,20β-Dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP) showed a single sharp peak (3.38 ± 0.35 ng/mL) in early April of the second year, suggesting that milt production is induced by DHP as in some other teleost species. 相似文献
18.
Yongjiang Xu Bin Wang Xuezhou Liu Bao Shi Kun Zang 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2017,43(2):527-537
Although gonadotrophins are major regulators of ovarian function in teleosts and other vertebrates, accumulating evidence indicates that the growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis also plays an important role in fish reproduction. As a first step to understand the physiological role of the GH-IGF system in the ovarian development of starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus), the expression profiles of GH and IGF messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and plasma GH, IGF-I, estradiol-17β (E2), and testosterone (T) levels during the ovarian development were investigated. The developmental stages of ovaries were divided into five stages (II, III, IV, V, and VI) by histological analysis. The hepatosomatic index (HSI) and gonadosomatic index (GSI) values increased and peaked at stage IV and stage V, respectively, and then declined at stage VI. Pituitary GH mRNA levels decreased sharply at stage III and raised to top level at stage VI. The hepatic IGF-I mRNA levels ascended to maximum value at stage V and then declined significantly at stage VI. However, the hepatic IGF-II mRNA levels remained stable and increased significantly at stage VI. In contrast, the ovarian IGF-I mRNA levels increased gradually and peaked at stage VI. The ovarian IGF-II mRNA levels were initially stable and increased significantly at stage V until the top level at stage VI. Consistent with the pituitary GH mRNA levels, plasma GH levels reduced sharply at stage III and remained depressed until stage V and then raised remarkably at stage VI. Plasma IGF-I level peaked at stage V and then declined to initial level. Plasma E2 level peaked at stage IV and then dramatically descended to the basal level. Plasma T level peaked at stage V and then declined significantly back to the basal level. Based on statistical analysis, significant positive correlations between hepatic IGF-I mRNA and GSI, ovarian IGF-II mRNA and hepatic IGF-II mRNA, ovarian IGF-I mRNA and ovarian IGF-II mRNA, and plasma IGF-I and plasma T were observed, respectively. These results suggest that the GH-IGF system may be involved in the ovarian development of starry flounder; GH and IGFs appear to play distinct roles in the regulation of the ovarian development in paracrine/autocrine manners. These findings extend our knowledge of the roles of the GH-IGF axis on reproduction regulation in fish. 相似文献