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坛紫菜杂交品系优势的初步评价 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过坛紫菜诱变选育品系和野生选育品系间杂交,筛选出了4个经济性状优良的杂交品系(Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ);杂交品系的子代表现出较大的杂交优势,既具有亲本优势,又具有超亲优势;品系Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ的3～5cm幼苗经过10d培育,平均日增重量的超标优势分别达12.35%、139.78%、107.57%和173.52%;杂种优势指数达99.83%、213.07%、184.44%和243.05%;品系Ⅱ耐高温能力较强,在29℃水温中可正常生存10d以上;品系Ⅲ在4个杂交品系中生长最快,培育20d时藻体的平均长度是父本的1.29倍,总藻胆蛋白含量最高,达(103.83±0.49)mg/g干品;品系Ⅳ和Ⅴ藻体宽而薄,不易腐烂和老化,其中品系Ⅳ叶绿素含量高达(9.79±0.48)mg/g干品,比母本高46.21;从杂交品系的性状稳定性来看,品系Ⅱ的F2和F3叶状体长度生长相对稳定,品系Ⅲ的F3叶状体经过选育后,生长性能比F2叶状体更加突出。和F2叶状体相比,品系Ⅳ的F3各项指标表现出较大的稳定性。本研究为坛紫菜杂交育种的应用积累了有用资料。 相似文献
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以野生选育的坛紫菜(Porphyra haitanensis)为母本,诱变选育全棕红的品系为父本进行杂交实验,从杂交子代大量叶片中,筛选出1株褐黄色素突变体、1株翠绿色与野生色相嵌的嵌合体和1株褐绿色与野生色相嵌的嵌合体。通过酶法分离突变体的营养细胞,单性生殖获得丝状体;分别使丝状体成熟并放散壳孢子,然后单株培养和筛选获得褐黄、翠绿和褐绿色子代叶状体。实验进行50 d。结果:(1)褐黄色突变体藻蓝蛋白和别藻蓝蛋白含量低;孢子囊枝的细胞较小,且大量形成时间比亲本晚15 d;幼苗培养初期日平均生长量仅为(1.22±0.28)cm,当叶片长到60 cm左右时生长优势逐步凸显,日平均生长量可达(7.50±1.18)cm;(2)翠绿色丝状体容易成熟,发育方式特殊,营养藻丝不经过藻丝加粗阶段,直接由球形细胞发育成孢子囊枝和壳孢子囊;翠绿色叶状体藻红蛋白含量低,仅有(5.513 0±1.049 6)mg/g(干品);叶状体生长快速,60 cm长的藻体日平均生长量高达(11.95±2.33)cm;(3)褐绿色突变体藻蓝蛋白、别藻蓝蛋白和藻红蛋白这3种色素蛋白和叶绿素的含量均较低;藻丝细胞短且细,叶状体生长速度较慢。 相似文献
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坛紫菜(Pyropia haitanensis)的表型性状是遗传育种的主要考察指标。研究以福建省坛紫菜种质资源库保存的73份种质品系为实验材料,对藻体的5个形态特征和14个数量性状数据进行了统计分析,以探讨坛紫菜表型性状的遗传变异规律。结果表明,坛紫菜藻体的形状、颜色、锯齿大小和扭曲程度4个形态特征与藻体长度、宽度、重量和厚度4个数量性状极显著相关(P0.01),叶片基部形状与藻体长度、宽度、鲜重和厚度显著相关(P0.05);比较不同性状均值发现,线形藻体的平均长度增长速度最快,基部为心脏形的藻体平均重量增长速度最快,无锯齿的藻体厚度最薄。巢式方差分析结果显示,坛紫菜品系间的遗传变异(72.79%)远大于品系内(21.46%),说明品系间的变异是坛紫菜表型变异的主要来源。坛紫菜藻体各表型性状的变异系数为7.14%~35.99%,其中藻体厚度变异系数最低,而单株藻体重量的变异系数最高,说明藻体厚度的选择潜力相对较小,而重量的选择潜力则较大。这些数据为后续坛紫菜的遗传育种提供了基本资料。 相似文献
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坛紫菜诱变育种的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
近十几年来,坛紫菜品种退化、产量降低、质量下降,本实验通过诱变处理,筛选和培育优质高产的坛紫菜新品系.坛紫菜野生丝状体经一定剂量60Co-γ射线辐照后,子代叶状体发生了变异,经大量培养后筛选出紫色突变体(3号Ⅰ)和经济性状优良的个体(7号Ⅰ和7号Ⅱ),通过体细胞酶解和单克隆技术快速获得诱变选育纯系,并对其主要经济性状进行了研究.其主要特征:[1]7号Ⅰ:叶片宽[(2.99±0.61)cm]、生长快(30cm以上的藻体长度平均日增长量可达6.51cm,比对照组快55.3%)、耐高温(29℃正常生长,比对照组高2℃以上)、总藻胆蛋白含量高(104.86mg·g-1干品,比对照组高39.0%);[2]7号Ⅱ:藻体窄、生长快(30cm以上的藻体长度平均日增长量可达4.26cm,比对照组快58.7%)、叶片薄(藻体中部厚度仅为22.5～27.5μm,比对照组薄29.6%)、总藻胆蛋白含量高达104.24 mg·g-1干品,比对照组高39.4%);[3]3号Ⅰ:藻体紫色,叶片薄,藻体中部厚25.0～32.5μm;[4]7号Ⅰ和7号Ⅱ在生产上应用,产量分别达309.6kg·666.6m-2和291.5kg·666.6m-2,比对照组高37%和29%. 相似文献
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以坛紫菜耐高温型品系Z-61 F4代叶状体为实验材料,野生型坛紫菜（WT）叶状体为对照,研究了常温（21℃）静水和高温（30℃）静水培养不同天数（0、2、4、6、8、10 d）后,坛紫菜藻体中光合色素含量、粗蛋白含量、总氨基酸含量和4种主要呈味游离氨基酸含量等品质指标的变化情况。结果表明,常温静水培养对坛紫菜耐高温型品系的品质没有显著影响,甚至短时间的常温静水培养还有利于提高野生型品系藻体的品质;但高温静水培养会显著降低耐高温型品系和野生型品系的品质,只是耐高温型品系的品质下降速度要慢于野生型。此外,本研究还发现,耐高温型坛紫菜品系还可以通过调节藻体细胞内别藻蓝蛋白（APC）和游离氨基酸的含量来增强自身对高温胁迫的抵抗能力。本研究结果为全面认识坛紫菜的抗逆性机理提供了基础资料,同时也为后续坛紫菜抗逆新品种的选育提供了理论指导。 相似文献
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坛紫菜单个体细胞克隆的丝状体途径 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
用海螺酶酶解挑选出的具有优良性状的坛紫菜(Porphyra haitanensis)叶状体制备游离的营养细胞,在显微镜下选取单个细胞放入96孔板中进行隔离培养。一部分细胞通过2种发育途径形成了丝状体:一种途径是单细胞生长一段时间产生突起后发育形成丝状体;另一种途径是单细胞先形成愈伤组织,愈伤组织解体放散出类似"孢子"的细胞,"孢子"再发育形成丝状体。将获得的丝状体扩大培养作为纯系并下海养殖。同普通品系相比,选育的品系在产量和质量上表现出一定的优势。在纯系培育方面,由单倍的叶状体细胞发育形成的二倍丝状体,遗传物质一步纯合,后代叶状体个体遗传性状高度一致,可以保证优良经济性状不丢失。这种紫菜纯系培育方法大幅度缩短了纯系培育周期。 相似文献
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坛紫菜杂交重组品系的选育与特性分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
坛紫菜选育品系(HR-6)具有叶状体快速生长期的前期生长较快,色素蛋白含量高,但成熟较早,生长期短,丝状体的壳孢子放散量较少等特性;坛紫菜另一个选育品系(HR-5)具有叶状体快速生长期的前期生长较慢,色素蛋白含量高,但成熟晚,生长期较长,丝状体的壳孢子放散量多等特性。为改善HR-6品系叶状体成熟较早,壳孢子放散量较少的弱点,本文以HR-6品系为父本,HR-5品系为母本进行种内杂交,从杂合丝状体产生的F1叶状体中选育出了综合性状更加优良的品系(WD-7)。在叶状体的快速生长前期(日龄30~45d),父本品系的绝对生长率为6.68cm/d,母本品系为3.63cm/d, WD-7品系为6.67cm/d;在叶状体的快速生长中后期(日龄46~60d),父本品系的绝对生长率降至5.15cm/d,母本品系则升至7.27cm/d,而WD-7品系高达11.54cm/d。父本品系的叶状体成熟最早,培养35d左右,大部分个体已成熟;WD-7品系遗传了母本品系成熟较晚的优点,日龄55d之后,大部分个体才出现成熟。日龄35d的叶状体平均厚度,WD-7品系为29.87μm,分别比父、母本品系增加了10%和16%,藻体的韧性明显增强。WD-7品系的壳孢子放散总量为183.42万个/壳,分别是父、母本品系的1.17倍和0.57倍。上述结果证实,WD-7品系不仅遗传了父本品系叶状体快速生长期的前期生长较快的特性,同时又遗传了母本品系叶状体成熟晚、生长期长、中后期生长快的优点,壳孢子放散量也比父本品系有所增加,此品系有望被培育成适宜大规模栽培的新品种。 相似文献
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引进优良品系“申福2号”坛紫菜及“太空1号”条斑紫菜,对其苗种培育关键技术进行了研究及示范推广.将“申福2号”坛紫菜及“太空1号”条斑紫菜自由丝状体用搅碎机60 ～120 S切碎成300～500μm的藻丝段,喷洒于平铺的贝壳上,密度约为500段/cm2,进行移植贝壳培育.并对移植后的贝壳丝状体采用控制光时、光强、温度等调控措施,结果显示:坛紫菜“申福2号”在水温26 ～29℃下,获得丝状体贝壳10972.5 m2;条斑紫菜“太空1号”在水温22 ～21℃下,获得丝状体贝壳60 m2;两个品系的丝状体成熟率均达40％以上.在显微镜(10×10倍)下观察,成熟的坛紫菜丝状体经10 h的夜间海水刺激,一滴孢子水(面积约204.1 mm2)一个视野(面积约3.14 mm2)平均80个壳孢子;条斑紫菜丝状体经7d左右的池水搅动刺激,采苗帘—根纱头一视野平均20个壳孢子,采苗效果良好.采苗后的养成面积,坛紫菜“申福2号”为12194亩,条斑紫菜“太空1号”为29亩. 相似文献
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为发掘新的紫菜种质资源,通过对印度产紫菜Pyropia churharii的野生型品系(PCWT)进行人工诱变处理,分离出具有生长和品质优势的新品系PC-Y1和PC-Y2。PC-WT品系的叶状体具有过度释放单孢子和生长缓慢的特性。PC-Y1品系的叶状体基本不放单孢子,藻体呈细长型,生长很快。PC-Y2品系的叶状体放散少量的单孢子,藻体较宽大,生长较快。日龄55 d时,PC-Y1品系的叶状体平均体长为91.30 cm,PC-Y2品系为15.26 cm,而PC-WT品系仅为5.31cm,两个新品系的生长优势非常显著。日龄45 d的叶状体叶绿素a含量,PC-Y1和PC-Y2品系明显比PC-WT品系高;PC-Y1和PC-Y2品系藻红蛋白和藻蓝蛋白的总含量分别为119.32和102.29 mg/g,分别是PC-WT品系的2.74倍和2.35倍。日龄45 d的叶状体厚度,PC-WT品系为32.48μm,PC-Y1和PC-Y2品系分别为20.86和27.98μm,两个新品系明显比野生型品系薄。贝壳丝状体的壳孢子放散量,PC-Y1、PC-Y2和PC-WT品系分别为101.16、143.44和175.17万个/壳。此外,与野生型坛紫菜相比,PC-Y1品系对高温(29℃)具有更好的耐受性。PC-Y1和PC-Y2品系不仅具有与条斑紫菜相似的特性,如藻体薄、品质好、放散单孢子,而且PC-Y1品系比野生型坛紫菜更耐高温,壳孢子放散量也更大、生长快、成熟晚,具有被大规模栽培的潜力。 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
15.
Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
16.
Sandra García‐Garrido Ismael Hachero‐Cruzado Carlos Rosas Pedro Domingues 《Aquaculture Research》2013,44(11):1741-1751
Protein and amino acid composition of the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) during fasting for 27 days were determined. Average protein content of octopus mantle was of 711.19 ± 46.80 g kg?1 DW, and it decreased with increasing fasting days. The non‐essential amino acids content was higher (486.18 ± 11.08 g kg?1 protein) than essential amino acids (425.82 ± 9.15 g kg?1 protein) at the start of the experiment (unstarved animals). The results suggest that the amino acid profile of the mantle where the most abundant amino acids are Arg, His, Lys, Gly, Leu and Pro could indicate a prolonged fasting condition (>20 days) or poor nutrition of O . vulgaris. This study supports the idea of using mantle for metabolic needs of starved O . vulgaris suggesting that the degradation pathway of amino acids to pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was favoured contrary to the degradation pathway of ketogenic amino acids. Special considerations should be taken concerning Thr, Ile, Ser, Ala, Asx (Asp, Asn), Glx (Glu, Gln) (because of their fast intake) and Lys and His (due to their stable contents) during a prolonged period of fasting. 相似文献
17.
There has been growing concern about the overuse of antibiotics in the ornamental fish industry and its possible effect on the increasing drug resistance in both commensal and pathogenic organisms in these fish. The aim of this study was to carry out an assessment of the diversity of bacteria, including pathogens, in ornamental fish species imported into North America and to assess their antibiotic resistance. Kidney samples were collected from 32 freshwater ornamental fish of various species, which arrived to an importing facility in Portland, Oregon from Colombia, Singapore and Florida. Sixty‐four unique bacterial colonies were isolated and identified by PCR using bacterial 16S primers and DNA sequencing. Multiple isolates were identified as bacteria with potential to cause disease in both fish and humans. The antibiotic resistance profile of each isolate was performed for nine different antibiotics. Among them, cefotaxime (16% resistance among isolates) was the antibiotic associated with more activity, while the least active was tetracycline (77% resistant). Knowing information about the diversity of bacteria in imported ornamental fish, as well as the resistance profiles for the bacteria will be useful in more effectively treating clinical infected fish, and also potential zoonoses in the future. 相似文献
18.
Effect of iodophor disinfection of non‐hardened Salmo trutta eggs on their bacterial and fungus load 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Franz Lahnsteiner 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(7):3901-3909
This study investigated the efficiency of iodophor disinfection (135 ppm active iodine for 15–30 min) of non‐hardened Salmo trutta eggs against different groups of bacteria and against fungus. Egg samples were taken from non‐disinfected and from disinfected eggs, microorganisms were cultured on specific nutrient media and their mass was measured by turbidimetric methods. Bacteria and fungus mass of non‐hardened eggs could be reduced but not eliminated by iodophor disinfection with 135 ppm active iodine for 15 min. The extent of reduction was 47–65% (Experiment 1). The efficiency of disinfection increased with disinfection time as the reduction in bacteria and fungus mass was 40–55% after 15 min and 58–74% after 30 min (Experiment 2). Disinfection efficiency of iodophor solution diluted in water (reduction 49–57%) and of iodophor solution diluted in sodium chloride solution iso‐osmolar to the oocytes (reduction 52–61%) was similar (Experiment 3). The reduction in bacteria and fungus mass was persistent as it was 39–72% lower in embryos deriving from disinfected eggs than in embryos deriving from non‐disinfected ones (Experiment 4). In conclusion, the tested disinfection method is inadequate to eliminate pathogens completely but it could positively influence immune defence of eggs and embryos. 相似文献
19.
T. Citarasu K. Venkatramalingam M. Micheal Babu R. Raja Jeya Sekar M. Petermarian 《Aquaculture International》2003,11(6):581-595
The indiscriminate use of antibiotics and chemicals in shrimp hatcheries has led to biomagnification and that in turn could
lead to rejection of a whole consignment. The application of the bioencapsulation technique as a tool for curative treatment
in shrimp larvae was investigated. Herbs having antibacterial properties such as Solanum trilobatum, Andrographis paniculata and Psoralea corylifolia (methanolic extracts) were bioencapsulated in Artemia and fed to Penaeus monodon post larvae PL 1–25. The post larvae were reared in a medium inoculated with pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Vibrio sp. Post larvae reared in the non-inoculated water and fed with non-enriched Artemia exhibited 90% survival, highest specific growth rate (12.43%) and reduced bacterial load. P. monodon reared in the bacterial inoculated water and fed with the non-enriched Artemia exhibited the lowest survival (10–30%), specific growth rate (8.42–9.1%) and increased bacterial load (2.86 × 103 to 3.76 × 105 cfu/g). The methanolic extracts of the herbs helped to increase survival and specific growth rate and reduced bacterial load
in the P. monodon culture system. Among the three herbal extracts, P. corylifolia enriched Artemia fed post larvae showed the tendency to higher survival (>50%), growth rate (11.5 averaged) and low bacterial load (1.12 × 105 cfu/g).
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
20.
William King V David L. Berlinsky Craig V. Sullivan 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1995,14(6):489-500
Plasma estradiol-17 (E2), testosterone (T), 17,20-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP) and 17,20,21-tri-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (20-S) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in white perch (Morone americana) and white bass (M. chrysops) that were induced to undergo final oocyte maturation (FOM) with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Plasma DHP levels increased in females of both species in association with oocyte germinal vesicle migration (GVM) and germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and decreased thereafter. Plasma 20-S levels also increased with oocyte GVM in white bass, but were several-fold lower than DHP levels. Circulating E2 and T levels were greatest during GVM and GVBD in both species and decreased to low levels during oocyte hydration and ovulation. Follicles from white perch and white bass which received a priming injection of hCG in vivo, produced both DHP and 20-S in vitro after exposure to hCG and their oocytes underwent GVBD. Ovarian incubates from unprimed fish of either species produced only E2 and T and their oocytes did not complete GVBD. Oocytes from unprimed bass, but not perch, matured when follicles were exposed to hCG in vitro. Both trilostane and cycloheximide blocked in vitro production of DHP and 20-S and oocyte GVBD by white perch follices. DHP and 20-S were equipotent inducers of FOM in the GVBD bioassay. None of several other structurally-related steroids tested were effective within a physiological range of concentrations. These results indicate a role for DHP and 20-S in the control of FOM in white perch and white bass. 相似文献