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以成年胡子96(Claris fuscus lacepede,体重1.5kg)为研究材料，通过组织化学与形态学研究证实，肥大细胞在胡子鲇肠粘膜与粘膜下数量较多，在头肾和胸腺中也有少量分布，并有沿血管周分布的倾向。肥大细胞以Carnoy氏固定、AB／S0染色的效果最好。以AB／S0着色的肥大细胞胞质颗粒呈深蓝色，胞核呈淡褐色；以TB/SO着色的肥大细胞胞质颗粒呈紫红色，胞核呈淡红色。而中性缓冲福尔马林固定对肥大细胞的着染有一定阻断作用。一些曾被国外学者用于鉴定硬骨鱼肥大细胞(或嗜酸性颗粒细胞)的组织化学技术在本研究中未能鉴定出胡子鲇的肥大细胞。电镜观察证实，胡子鲇肥大细胞中含有大量特征性的胞浆颗粒，胞浆颗粒基质电子密度较均匀，个别颗粒中央呈空泡样。 相似文献
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通过组织化学与形态学研究首次在草鱼的胸腺和头肾等淋巴器官中证实了肥大细胞的存在。草鱼肥大细胞的染色性质在某些方面似乎类似于哺乳动物的粘膜肥大细胞。Carnoy氏液及阿尔新蓝分别是优良的固定剂及染料，而中性缓冲甲醛却完全阻断草鱼肥大细胞的着染。值得注意的是一些曾被用于鉴定硬骨鱼肥大细胞(或嗜酸性颗粒细胞)的组织化学技术在本研究中未能检出草鱼肥大细胞。电镜下证实，草鱼肥大细胞中含有大量特征性的胞浆颗粒，其中充满无定形颗粒状基质，基质电子密度有的较高，有的较低，但未见特殊的亚微结构。 相似文献
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鲻科鱼类脑下垂体与其他硬骨鱼相比完全相似,就其进展情况也较为相近,与哺乳动物相比还有不少差距。在哺乳动物中已知脑垂体分泌的激素有催乳素、两种促性腺激素等,并被分离出来。硬骨鱼中脑垂体也有这些激素的产生已被普遍公认。在鲻科鱼类的脑下垂体中也得到了证明。硬骨鱼的脑垂体的构造光学显微镜细胞结构的研究较为清楚,但是光学显微研究证明脑垂体腺颗粒细胞所分泌的各种激素,到目前为止还只是少数。自1958年Legait等用电子显微镜研究了鲤鱼、鳟鱼的脑下垂体以后,很多作者对很多硬骨鱼的脑垂体作了电子显微镜研究,证 相似文献
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利用光镜、透射电镜、扫描电镜及流式细胞仪技术对泥蚶血细胞形态结构以及吞噬活性进行了研究。根据细胞大小、形态结构、颗粒特点,光镜下可将血细胞区分为红色颗粒细胞(占89.67%)、嗜碱性颗粒细胞(占7.05%)、透明细胞(占3.28%)3种主要类型。健康泥蚶血淋巴中血细胞平均密度为(3.29±0.82)×106 /mL。透射电镜下观察到颗粒细胞Ⅰ型、颗粒细胞Ⅱ型、无颗粒细胞;扫描电镜观察下,细胞表面光滑,部分细胞表面有小的突起物。用流式细胞仪检测出P1(13.13%)亚群和P2(78.83%)两个细胞亚群以及没有固定形态的细胞(近8%)。利用APIZYM 试剂盒对健康泥蚶血细胞及血清中的19种酶进行检测,在血细胞中检测到11种酶,在血清中检测到了13种酶,经酵母聚糖刺激后,碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶、类脂脂酶、N-乙酰葡萄糖胺酶在血细胞和血清中的水平大幅升高。体外吞噬实验观察显示,红色颗粒细胞对酵母聚糖具有明显的吞噬能力,嗜碱性颗粒细胞和透明细胞吞噬作用不显著;在经嗜水气单胞杆菌刺激后,嗜碱性颗粒细胞出现大量聚集现象,透明细胞能吸附颗粒物。吞噬活性研究表明,温度、盐度对泥蚶血细胞的吞噬活性有显著的影响,在泥蚶适宜生长温度(13~30 ℃)区间和最适盐度(20.0~26.2)×10-12区间,血细胞吞噬活性达到最高值。 相似文献
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栉江珧消化系统组织学与组织化学的研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
运用组织学和组织化学方法对栉江珧消化系统的结构和功能进行了研究.栉江珧消化管的粘膜上皮由纤毛柱状细胞和杯状细胞组成,唇瓣、中肠和上行肠的上皮层还有嗜酸性粒分泌细胞;消化盲囊的腺上皮由分泌细胞和消化(吸收)细胞组成.皮下结缔组织中富含血腔隙,结缔组织和血腔隙中有"颗粒细胞".食道、胃、中肠、晶杆囊及消化盲囊能分泌消化酶,对食物进行消化和吸收;结缔组织、"颗粒细胞"也参与了食物的消化吸收.唇瓣、食道、晶杆囊和中肠的上皮细胞及结缔组织中的"颗粒细胞"内含铁,结缔组织中含钙. 相似文献
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中华绒螯蟹的血细胞组成、分类及免疫学功能 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了解中华绒螯蟹血细胞组成、分类及其在免疫应答过程中起到的重要作用,本研究通过细胞化学和细胞酶学分析,并结合细胞形态观察,对中华绒螯蟹血细胞的组成、分类进行了研究。同时,通过人工感染嗜水气单胞菌后血液的总血细胞数(THC)和不同类型血细胞数(DHC)的变化,研究不同类型血细胞在免疫应答过程中所发挥的作用。结果显示,依据本实验分类方法,中华绒螯蟹血细胞可以分为4类:大颗粒细胞(G)、中间型颗粒细胞(IG)、小颗粒细胞(SG)和透明细胞(H)。其中小颗粒细胞数量最多,约占33.54%±0.98%,中间型颗粒细胞最少,仅占15.31%±2.01%。4种类型细胞中均含有多糖成分而不含脂质,只有大颗粒细胞在酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、β-葡萄糖醛酸酶以及酚氧化酶染色中发现阳性反应。此外,嗜水气单胞菌感染后中华绒螯蟹总血细胞数在3 h后明显升高,在6 h达到峰值,约9.57×106个/m L,并显著高于未处理组和生理组;在感染过程中,大颗粒细胞数量明显下降而透明细胞数量明显上升,这种现象在6 h时达到顶峰并随着时间延长而逐渐恢复至正常水平。研究表明,在中华绒螯蟹非特异性免疫应答过程中,透明细胞主要通过大量增殖执行吞噬功能来参与免疫应答,而大颗粒细胞主要通过裂解释放胞质中所含免疫相关酶参与免疫反应。其中,各类型细胞之间可能存在相互转化作用,而中间型颗粒细胞为这种转化中的过渡类型。 相似文献
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运用组织学和组织化学方法对栉江Zhao系统的结构和功能进行了研究。栉江Zhao消化管的粘膜上皮由纤毛柱状细胞和杯状细胞组成，唇瓣、中肠和上行肠的上皮层还有嗜酸性粒分泌细胞，消化盲囊的腺上皮由分泌细胞和消化（吸收）细胞组成。皮下结缔组织中富含血腔隙、结缔组织和血腔隙中有“颗粒细胞”。食道、胃、中肠、晶杆囊及消化盲囊能分泌消化酶，对食物进行消化和吸收；结缔组织，“颗粒细胞”也参与了食物的消化吸收。唇瓣、食道、晶杆囊和中肠的上皮细胞及结组织中的“颗粒细胞”内含铁、结缔组织中含钙。 相似文献
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白介素10(Interleukin 10, IL-10)是能够参与机体免疫的一种多功能细胞因子,由单核细胞、巨噬细胞等多种免疫细胞分泌,在抗肿瘤、抗感染、免疫性疾病等多种疾病的发生发展过程中发挥重要作用。有多种硬骨鱼IL-10被克隆表达,也被证实具有免疫调节作用,目前也有不少关于鱼类IL-10的生物活性、作用机制、调节机制的研究。本文根据已有报道,从鱼类IL-10的基因结构、转录表达、来源与进化、生物学活性及功能、鱼类IL-10受体及信号通路等五个方面进行了综述,为鱼类IL-10的研究与应用提供依据。 相似文献
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牙鲆的淋巴细胞表面抗原 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
关于鱼类淋巴细胞的异质性的研究开始于20世纪70年代,80年代以后才利用抗IgM单克隆抗体证明硬骨鱼具有T/B样淋巴细胞[1-5]。鱼类的T淋巴细胞具有和哺乳动物T细胞相似的功能,如:对同种移植产生的排斥反应和细胞增殖反应。虽然鱼类的T样淋巴细胞还没有象哺乳动物那样建立起以表面多肽的单克隆抗体进行分离鉴定的CD系统,但在硬骨鱼中已发现了编码TCR分子和MHC分子的基因,随着DNA测序技术的迅速发展,美国、法国和日本等国家的几个实验室[6-10]在20世纪90年代开展了鱼类TCR基因多样性和组织相容性抗原(MHC)在脊椎动物系统发育中进化关… 相似文献
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The literature pertaining to the prevalence and histopathology of endocrine cell and tissue tumours and related lesions (TRL) in bony and cartilaginous fishes is catalogued and reviewed in the context of the embryological origin of the various components of the endocrine system. Reports of TRLs of endocrine cells or tissues of fishes are relatively rare, and of these, most describe thyroid neoplasms that appear to be simple hyperplasia. The vast majority of published reports of endocrine TRLs in fishes are case-studies, and thus, with a few notable exceptions, the aetiology of the lesions is unknown. The exceptions include the epizootics of thyroid neoplasms in introduced Pacific salmon in the Great Lakes, which appear to have an environmental aetiology, and epizootics of gonadal stromal cell neoplasms. The latter were all found in either hybrid species or highly inbred captive strains of fishes, suggesting a genetic involvement in the tumourigenesis. The possible aetiologies for the reported TRLs in wild and captive fish species are discussed, and various hypotheses proposing infectious agents, genetic factors and environmental contaminants are considered. 相似文献
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An overview of functional and stereological evaluation of spermatogenesis and germ cell transplantation in fish 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Although there are almost thirty-thousand species of fish living in a great variety of habitats and utilizing vast reproductive
strategies, our knowledge of morphofunctional and quantitative aspects of testis structure and spermatogenesis is still incipient
for this group of vertebrates. In this review, we discuss aspects that are important to better understanding of testis structure
and function, and of the development of germ cells (GC) during spermatogenesis. To achieve this, we have recently completed
a number of studies presenting morphometric and functional data related to the numbers of GC and Sertoli cells (SC) per each
type of spermatogenic cyst, the number of spermatogonial generations, the SC efficiency, and the magnitude of GC loss that
normally occurs during spermatogenesis. We also investigated SC proliferation and the relationship of this important event
to early spermatogenic cysts. The available data strongly suggest that SC proliferation in sexually mature tilapia is the
primary factor responsible for the increase in testis size and for determination of the magnitude of sperm production. The
influence of temperature on the duration of spermatogenesis in tilapia was also evaluated and we have used this knowledge
to deplete endogenous spermatogenesis in this teleost, in order to develop an experimental system for GC transplantation.
This exciting technique results in new possibilities for investigation of spermatogenesis and spermatogonial stem cell biology,
creating also an entirely new and promising scenario in biotechnology—transgenic animal production and the preservation of
the genetic stocks of valuable animals or endangered species. 相似文献
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鱼类粘液细胞研究进展 总被引：30，自引：3，他引：27
鱼类粘液细胞(ｍｕｃｏｕｓｃｅｌｌｓ)是普遍存在于鱼类上皮中的一种腺体细胞,主要分布在鱼的皮肤、鳃及消化道的上皮中,能分泌大量粘液。粘液中含有多种活性物质,如粘多糖、糖蛋白、免疫球蛋白及各种水解性酶类等,对鱼的许多生理功能有重要影响。对粘液细胞进行深入研究,不仅有助于对鱼类生长、发育以及自我保护等方面的一些基本理论问题的理解,而且在鱼类的养殖和病害防治中也具有重要的实践意义。有关鱼类粘液细胞的研究,国外开展得较早,也较广泛,已对多种鱼类的粘液细胞进行了研究。但是,国内有关这方面的研究却很少。本文结合本实验室… 相似文献
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Catherine Cheng Yun Chieng Hassan Mohd Daud Fatimah Md Yusoff Kim Dawn Thompson Maha Abdullah 《Journal of fish diseases》2020,43(10):1249-1258
Groupers are popular aquaculture species in South-East Asia, but their cultivation is affected by infectious disease outbreaks. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues provide a first-line defence against pathogens; however, few studies are available relating to cellular or proteomic responses of mucosal immunity in grouper. Skin, gill and intestine were sampled from brown-marbled grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (Forsskål, 1775) at 4 and 96 hr post-infection (hpi) and 7 days post-infection (dpi) following intraperitoneal infection with Vibrio harveyi, and stained with haematoxylin/eosin and Alcian Blue/periodic acid–Schiff. Skin mucus was analysed by 2D-gel electrophoresis, and proteins modulated by the bacterial infection identified. In the infected fish, significant increases in sacciform cells in skin and increased levels of nucleoside diphosphate kinase in mucus were detected at 4 hpi. At 96 hpi, goblet cells containing acidic mucins significantly increased in the intestine, while those containing mixed mucins increased in skin and gills of infected fish. Proteasome subunit alpha type-I and extracellular Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase levels also increased in mucus. Rodlet and mast cells did not appear to respond to the infection. Mucosal tissues of grouper appeared actively involved in response to Vibrio infection. This information may help future research on improving grouper health, production and vaccine development. 相似文献
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To separate the connective tissue cells expressing the 43-kDa zinc-binding protein from the common carp, mucosa of the digestive
tract of the fish was removed by scraping with a glass slide, and the de-mucosa tissue was digested with a collagenase type
IV solution. The cells collected from the collagenase-treated suspension were rather homogeneous, and more than 90% of the
cells were round with a diameter of approximately 6 μm. Significant quantities of the 43kDa zinc-binding protein were shown
to be present on the cell surface of the approximately 6-μm cells. The mean zinc concentration in the cells was found to be
2.21 μg zinc/106 cells, which is approximately 20—30 times higher than that found in the other three fish species (grass carp, silver carp,
tilapia), studied. The present work may provide a basis for the culture of these cells. 相似文献
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日本新糠虾卵巢和肝胰腺主要细胞内5-HT的免疫组织化学定位 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
运用免疫组化方法,观察了5-HT阳性物质在日本新糠虾不同发育期的卵巢卵细胞和滤泡细胞及肝胰腺细胞中的分布和变化。结果表明:随卵细胞的发育,滤泡细胞逐渐迁移至其近旁。各期卵巢卵细胞和滤泡细胞及肝胰腺细胞中均存在大量5-HT阳性细胞,阳性物质呈深棕色;各期卵巢中5-HT在滤泡细胞内均呈阳性;在Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ期卵巢中卵细胞胞质和胞核均呈阳性,且阳性强度呈递减;Ⅳ期卵巢中5-HT在卵细胞中呈阴性,而在Ⅴ期卵巢中5-HT在卵细胞中又呈现弱阳性。5-HT在发育各期的肝胰腺细胞中均呈阳性。同一期卵巢中,不同类型肝胰腺细胞间5-HT的分布没有差别。除Ⅳ期卵巢外,在其余各期卵巢中5-HT阳性强度在卵细胞胞质和肝胰腺细胞胞质中表现一致。 相似文献
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本文通过对大西洋鲑的完整卵泡(包括卵母细胞、外周的鞘膜细胞和颗粒细胞)、手术分离的鞘膜细胞以及分离的颗粒细胞分别进行离体培育,测定它们在促性腺激素(GTH)刺激下,释放性激素的能力。实验证明,完整卵泡具有释放孕酮,17α—羟孕酮,雄烯二酮,睾酮,雌二醇和17α20β—双羟孕酮的能力。分离的鞘膜细胞只能释放前四种性激素。分离的颗粒细胞不能释放以上任何一种性激素。结果说明,单独的鞘膜细胞或单独的颗粒细胞都不具有合成雌二醇和17α20β—双羟孕酮的能力。 相似文献
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Marit Espe Shiwei Xie Shijun Chen Anders Aksnes Elisabeth Holen 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(3):946-953
The present trials tested the efficiency of surplus spermine to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress following LPS‐induced stress using an in vitro model of head kidney and liver cells isolated from Atlantic salmon. Spermine did not protect cells from LPS‐induced inflammatory response at either 0.3, 0.6 or 0.9 mM. However, as the gene expression of spermidine/spermine N1‐acetyltransferase (SSAT) increased with increasing spermine concentration, we addressed possible oxidative effects of the increased SSAT using its activator DENSPM or inhibitor of polyamine oxidation of the acetylated polyamines using MDL72527 at a spermine concentration of 0.6 mM. There was no significant effect of DENSPM, but MDL72527 decreased gene expression of GPX‐3 (p = .04), while gene expression of catalase and MnSOD was unaffected by treatment (p = .30 and p = .48, respectively). In conclusion, spermine did not protect cells from LPS‐provoked inflammation. The higher the spermine concentration, the more SSAT producing acetylated spermine occurred. Inhibiting the acetylated polyamine oxidases by MDL72527 improved oxidation status as expected due to a lower endogenous production of H2O2 by polyamine and acetylated polyamine oxidases. Probably care should be taken using polyamines or arginine as functional ingredients to avoid any increased oxidation within cells. 相似文献
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不同盐度和驯养时间中华鲟子二代幼鱼鳃的显微结构变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用光学显微镜和组织切片方法,研究了不同盐度和驯养时间中华鲟幼鱼鳃及鳃中泌氯细胞的结构变化特征。试验用鱼为1+龄中华鲟子二代,平均全长50.7 cm,平均体重约441.9 g。试验前在养殖池中暂养1周。试验设2个盐度梯度(10、15)组和1个对照组(淡水)。盐度驯养为将中华鲟子二代从暂养池转入盐度10海水中驯养,分别取驯养1、3、6、9、12、24、48、72、96、120、144、168、192、216、240和264 h的幼鱼各1尾用于试验;将剩下的鱼再转入盐度15海水中驯养,分别取驯养24、48、72 h的幼鱼各1尾用于试验。结果显示,在淡水组中,中华鲟子二代幼鱼鳃丝发达,细胞饱满,鳃小片宽且长。鳃丝上皮的泌氯细胞数量较少,通常靠近鳃小片基部,呈近椭圆状。与淡水组相比,盐度10组的幼鱼鳃丝主干部明显变窄,鳃小片基部区域及鳃小片上泌氯细胞的数量略有增加,胞体变大,且随驯养时间的延长,出现了明显的细胞膜间隙。幼鱼在盐度15组中鳃丝主干明显变窄变短,鳃小片也显著缩短,鳃泌氯细胞数量显著增加,主要分布在鳃小片基部,有明显的分泌腔。中华鲟子二代幼鱼能够快速适应外界水体盐度的变化,这与鳃及鳃上皮中调节渗透压功能细胞的数量和结构变化相适应。 相似文献