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1.
为研究池塘工程化循环水养殖模式下养殖密度对大口黑鲈（应激基因表达的影响,以初始体重（4.50±0.23）g的大口黑鲈幼鱼为研究对象,设置3个养殖密度组,分别为0.2 kg/m3（SD1）、0.4 kg/m3（SD2）和0.6 kg/m3（SD3）,每个密度组设3个重复,实验周期为120 d,分别在实验的第30天、60天、90天和120天采集样本并分析。结果显示,实验结束时的最终密度分别为5.64 kg/m3（SD1）、8.79 kg/m3（SD2）和11.21 kg/m3（SD3）。养殖前90 d,肝脏超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活力在各密度组间差异不显著（<0.05）;30 d和60 d时肝脏丙二醛（MDA）含量未受到养殖密度的影响（<0.05）;各密度组间肠道淀粉酶、脂肪酶活力没有显著差异（ mRNA相对表达水平在30 d和60 d没有显著差异（<0.05）,SD1组肝脏<0.05）;切片结果显示,3个密度组实验鱼肝脏和肠道结构正常,未受到严重损害,SD3组实验鱼肝脏细胞间空泡稍增多,肠道杯状细胞变小,数量减少。综上所述,在本实验条件下,养殖后期,养殖密度会对加州鲈生理状态产生影响,高密度应激会导致鱼体抗氧化以及免疫功能受到抑制,肝脏、肠道组织产生轻微损伤,0.2 kg/m3密度组大口黑鲈的生理状况最好。综合考虑,池塘工程化循环水养殖模式下大口黑鲈幼鱼的放养密度以0.2~0.4 kg/m3为宜。  相似文献   

2.
为研究池塘工程化循环水养殖模式下养殖密度对大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)生长性能、血清生化指标的影响,设置15 000和25 000尾/槽2个养殖密度,经过120 d的养殖实验。结果显示:养殖密度对大口黑鲈生长性能、血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、碱性磷酸酶、皮质醇和溶菌酶含量无显著影响;高养殖密度组血清总蛋白、胆固醇、甘油三酯和葡萄糖含量显著低于低养殖密度组。在低、高密度养殖条件下,体重与体长之间呈幂函数关系,生长方程分别为y=0.031 6x~(2.903 8)(R~2=0.980 1)和y=0.032 1x~(2.898 5)(R~2=0.982 4)。结果表明,池塘工程化循环水养殖模式下,高密度养殖而不影响大口黑鲈生长。  相似文献   

3.
为了解池塘养殖密度对梭鱼生长性能的影响,进行了为期126 d的室外池塘规模化海水养殖试验,研究了体长为(84.17±13.95)mm、体质量为(12.58±5.12)g的梭鱼在两种养殖密度(5.4、11.9尾/m2)下的生长情况和摄食行为。试验结果:梭鱼的生长与养殖密度呈正相关,低密度组梭鱼的终末体质量(243.23 g)、体质量增长率(1 833.5%)、特定生长率(2.39%/d)、肥满度(1.46)、成活率(91.1%)及饲料系数(1.86)均优于高密度组(173.88 g、1 282.2%、2.12%/d、1.39、83.2%、2.41);高密度组的单位面积产量(1.72 kg/m2)比低密度组(1.20 kg/m2)高30.2%;2个密度组梭鱼的体长与体质量呈幂函数相关(高密度组:W=5×10-5L2.781 8;低密度组:W=7×10-5L2.731 8),且为异速生长;体长、体质量与养殖天数呈线性相关(高密度组:L=1.370 9d+91.798 8,W=2.013 5d-3.602 0;低密度组:L=1.119 5d+94.134 3,W=1.303 2d+6.672 7)。结果表明,该试验条件适合于梭鱼的规模化生产,低密度组梭鱼生长情况更好,但单位面积产量要低于高密度组,生产中需要综合考虑产量与饲料利用之间的关系,平衡成本和收益。  相似文献   

4.
工厂化循环水养殖条件下大口黑鲈生长特点分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
在水温17.3～28.0℃下,将体质量(4.60±0.30) g的大口黑鲈饲养在4口60 m~3工厂化循环水养殖池中,放养密度67尾/m~3,投喂大口黑鲈专用浮性颗粒配合饲料,研究大口黑鲈在工厂化循环水养殖条件下的生长规律。试验结果显示,养殖195 d后,大口黑鲈平均体质量为(303.14±73.17) g、平均体长为(26.76±3.13) cm;体质量(m)与日龄(t)间呈指数关系:m=0.0651t~(1.6147),r~2=0.9974,平均体质量特定生长率为0.46%,平均体质量日增加量为(1.82±0.57) g;体长(L)与日龄间呈线性关系:L=0.0961t+9.1442,r~2=0.9766,平均体长特定生长率为0.15%,平均体长日增长量为(0.10±0.04) cm;体质量与体长符合幂函数:m=0.0132L~(3.0455),r~2=0.9828。在工厂化循环水养殖条件下大口黑鲈的相对增加量、特定生长率趋势基本一致,水温20℃以下明显影响其生长。  相似文献   

5.
正近年来,被喻为"第五大家鱼"的大口黑鲈深受消费者欢迎,市场需求量大,而目前大口黑鲈的养殖仍然以池塘、网箱等养殖模式为主,工厂化循环水养殖大口黑鲈符合水产行业发展趋势。工厂化循环水应用于大口黑鲈的养殖中,既能减少养殖病害,优化尾水处理,又能提高产量,提升经济效益,控制产品质量。本文对大口黑鲈工厂化循环水养殖试验进行总结,以供读者参考。  相似文献   

6.
为研究配合饲料条件下循环水养殖系统(RAS)中养殖密度对松江鲈生长的影响,选取体长为(2.97±0.12)cm、体质量为(0.26±0.03)g的松江鲈,分别按40尾/m2(A组)、80尾/m2(B组)和120尾/m2(C组)共3个养殖密度,在RAS中进行了为期240 d的养殖试验。试验结果显示：A组鱼的终末体质量、终末体长、体质量日增长量、存活率等均显著高于其他两组,A组鱼的体长日增长量显著高于C组(P<0.05);不同密度组间鱼体肥满度无显著性差异(P>0.05)。试验组单位面积产量由高到低依次为：C组(2.83 kg/m2)、B组(2.51 kg/m2)、A组(1.72 kg/m2)。试验组鱼体质量与体长均呈幂函数相关(m=aLb,a=0.007 6～0.008 9,b=3.123 6～3.209 4),体长、体质量生长均以三次函数拟合较好。各组间的鱼体长、体质量变异系数均差异显著(P<0.05),其中B组最小...  相似文献   

7.
为研究大口黑鲈（Micropterus salmoides）在工厂化循环水养殖条件下不同放养密度的生长规律，本研究选取规格一致[平均体长（6.70±0.64） cm,平均体质量（4.38±1.40） g]的大口黑鲈幼鱼分别按80 ind/m3（D1组）、96 ind/m3（D2组）、112 ind/m3（D3组）、128 ind/m3（D4组）放养密度饲养在16个2.5m3工厂化循环水养殖桶中，每个密度组设4个平行，根据不同生长阶段投喂不同口径的大口黑鲈专用配合饲料，实验时间为160 d。结果显示：4组大口黑鲈终末体长和体质量生长指标均较为接近，无显著差异；平均成活率82.50%～85.63%,组间成活率差异不显著；平均饵料系数（FCR）是1.5,最高是D4组1.74,最低是D1组1.34,各密度组FCR随放养密度的增大而显著增大，D1组与D3组、D1组与D4组和D2与D4组差异显著，其他组间无显著差异；4组大口黑鲈体长、体质量变异系数无显著性差异；体长（L）与日龄（t）均呈线...  相似文献   

8.
养殖密度是水产养殖管理中一项非常重要的参数, 适宜的养殖密度能够降低养殖动物的应激胁迫水平, 促进其健康、快速生长。为探究黄条鰤(Seriola lalandi)在陆基工厂化养殖条件下的最适密度, 本研究对 1 龄黄条鰤 [(565.83±70.22) g]开展为期 60 d 的养殖实验, 共设置 10 尾/m3 (低密度组)、20 尾/m3 (中密度组)和 30 尾/m3 (高密度组) 3 个密度组。实验过程中测量并计算包括增重率、特定生长率、肥满度和肝体指数在内的生长指标, 并检测血液生理、血清生化、肝脏和肾脏组织的非特异性免疫酶活性等指标。结果表明, 中、高密度组黄条鰤的增重率、 特定生长率在第 60 天时均显著低于低密度组对应的数值(P＜0.05); 在 3 个密度组中, 低密度组的特定生长率在 60 d 时显著高于 30 d 的数值(P＜0.05), 中密度组的特定生长率在 60 d 与 30 d 之间差异不显著(P＞0.05), 高密度组的特定生长率在 60 d 时低于 30 d 的数值, 说明高密度养殖对黄条鰤的生长产生了的胁迫。整个实验过程中, 血清中肾上腺素和皮质醇等的含量在 30 d 和 60 d 时均随养殖密度的增加而显著升高(P＜0.05), 生长激素和类胰岛素生长因子 Ⅰ的含量呈相反趋势; 肝脏和肾脏中超氧化物歧化酶、溶菌酶、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶和丙酮酸激酶的活性在 30 d 和 60 d 时整体呈现随养殖密度的增加而显著升高的趋势(P＜0.05), 说明高密度养殖对黄条鰤的生理造成了胁迫。由此可见, 从生长、生理和生产实践角度综合评价, 中密度(20 尾/m3 )是 1 龄黄条鰤工厂化养殖的适宜密度, 相关研究结果将为黄条鰤工厂化养殖技术进一步完善提供参考。  相似文献   

9.
为探究养殖密度对中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis)成鱼生长性能、生化指标及性腺发育的影响, 本研究设置低、 中、高 3 个密度梯度, 初始密度分别为(6.12 ± 0.04) kg/m3 、(8.92 ± 0.19) kg/m3 和(11.75 ± 0.29) kg/m3 , 密度养殖实验周期 12 个月,实验结束后将鱼转入恢复池进行低密度[(4.11 ± 0.03) kg/m3 ]恢复实验(6 个月), 分别在 0、12 个月和 18 个月时测定实验鱼的生长、血液生化和性激素水平等指标。结果表明, 密度养殖实验结束后, 低、中、高密度组分别达到(10.99 ± 0.21) kg/m3 、(13.59 ± 0.10) kg/m3 和(17.78 ± 0.28) kg/m3 ; 随着设计密度的增加, 实验鱼体重、 特定生长率(SGR)、增重率(WGR)、日增重率(DWGR)显著降低(P ＜ 0.05), 体重变异系数和饲料系数(FCR)显著升高(P ＜ 0.05); 血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)和总蛋白(TP)浓度随设计密度的增加呈逐渐递减的趋势, 高密度组血糖(GLU)浓度高于中、低密度组, 各密度组间白蛋白(ALB)浓度无显著性差异; 各密度组 17α,20β-双羟孕酮(17α, 20β-DHP)和睾酮(T)浓度无显著性差异, 但其浓度比实验开始时略有升高; 高密度组雌二醇(E2)、卵黄蛋白原(VTG) 和孕酮(P)浓度水平显著低于低、中密度组(P ＜ 0.05), 低、中密度组间差异不显著。低密度恢复实验结束后, 各密度组实验鱼体重、肥满度(CF)、体重变异系数的组间差距较恢复期开始时要明显缩小, SGR 和 DWGR 随设计密度升高呈逐渐增加趋势; 各密度组血清 GLU、ALB、TG、TC 和 TP 浓度基本恢复至实验开始时的浓度水平, 各组间无显著性差异; 各密度组 E2、VTG 和 P 浓度基本恢复至同一浓度水平, 且各组间无显著性差异。结果说明, 高密度养殖对中华鲟成鱼的生长和性激素水平均产生了显著的负面影响, 而中、低密度组实验鱼未受到显著影响。因此, 在保障中华鲟成鱼性腺正常发育的前提下, 为了尽可能实现养殖设施的最大化利用, 可以适当舍弃一些生长性能, 建议中华鲟成鱼的实时养殖密度不宜超过 13.59 kg/m3 。  相似文献   

10.
大口黑鲈形态性状对体重的影响效果分析   总被引：20，自引：2，他引：18  
对大口黑鲈全长、体长、体高、体宽、眼间距、头长、吻长、尾柄长、尾柄高和体重共 10个性状进行测定,运用相关分析、通径分析和多元回归分析,剔除与体长存在显著共线性的全长、体高、头长,尾柄高及回归方程中不显著的吻长和尾柄长,计算以体宽、体长、眼间距 3个形态性状为自变量,体重为依变量的相关系数、通径系数、决定系数及相关指数,定量分析大口黑鲈形态性状对体重的影响效果。结果显示,3个形态性状与体重的相关系数（0.942,0.979,0.928）均达到极显著水平（P＜0.01）;通径分析中,3个形态性状对体重的通径系数亦达到极显著水平（P＜0.01）,它们是直接影响体重的重要指标,其中体宽（P4=0.599）对体重的直接影响最大。所选形态性状与体重的相关指数R2＝0.980 ,说明所选性状是影响体重的主要形态性状。应用逐步多元回归分析建立了以体重为依变量(Y),体宽(X4)、体长(X2)和眼间距(X5)为自变量的回归方程：LgY=1.065 + 0.765 LgX2＋1.441 LgX4+0.543 LgX5。以上形态性状对体重影响效果相关数据的获得为大口黑鲈选育测量指标的确定提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

11.
Mud spiny lobsters, Panulirus polyphagus (Herbst, 1793), were reared at four different stocking sizes and stocking densities in open sea cages to evaluate their effects on growth performance. To evaluate the effect of stocking size on the growth performance, the lobsters were segregated into four different treatment groups according to size and were stocked at a density of 300 animals per cage. To evaluate the effect of stocking density on the growth performance, lobsters of 81–100 g were stocked in four different stocking densities, i.e. 16/m2, 24/m2, 32/m2 and 40/m2. The results showed that the growth rate of (60–80 g) size group, was significantly higher compared to the size groups, i.e. 101–120 g and 121–140 g comprising of larger individuals. The final body weight, though significantly higher in 81–100 g as compared to 60–80 g, the growth performance (i.e. weight gain percentage (WG %) and specific growth rate (SGR)) were not significantly different. The density‐dependent influence on growth performance was evident in this study. The WG % and SGR during 90 days’ culture period was significantly higher in 24/m2 compared to other groups. This study provides crucial information about the appropriate stocking density and stocking size of lobsters at the field level, which would help to promote sustainable lobster cage farming by maximizing the production potential of the system.  相似文献   

12.
为了评估全封闭循环水养殖系统中养殖密度对钝吻黄盖鲽生长的影响及水质变化情况,将体质量为(250.00±50.83)g的钝吻黄盖鲽分成8个试验组(放养密度分别为18、22、26、30、34、38、42、46 kg/m3),进行了3个月的饲养试验,检测不同养殖密度下鱼的成活率、体质量增长率及饲料系数,同时对试验期间氨氮、亚硝酸盐和溶解氧等各项水质指标的动态变化进行监测。试验结果显示,各试验组鱼的成活率均达到96%以上,但随着养殖密度的增加,钝吻黄盖鲽的成活率总体呈现降低的趋势;低密度组(18 kg/m3)的体质量增长率最高,为36.1%,高密度组(46 kg/m3)的体质量增长率最低,为24.8%,且体质量增长率随着养殖密度的增加而逐渐降低;随着养殖密度的增加,饲料系数呈逐渐升高的趋势;养殖期间各项水质指标均保持在适宜钝吻黄盖鲽生长的范围内。结果表明,在本试验的循环水养殖系统中,综合考量养殖生长指标及单位面积产量,钝吻黄盖鲽规模化生产的最适养殖密度为42～46 kg/m3。  相似文献   

13.
Redclaw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus, early juveniles were reared at different stocking densities in a closed recirculation system using 12-L plastic containers as rearing tanks. Initial stocking densities were 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 per liter (66, 89, 111, 133, and 156 crayfish/m2, respectively). Rearing period was 42 days. Each density was tested with five replicates. Shelter (0.112 m2) was added to double the surface area of rearing tanks. Animals were fed ad libitum twice a day with a commercial diet containing 35% crude protein. There were no significant differences (P < 0.05) in length and specific growth rate (SGR) among stocking densities. Final weight and daily weight gain, however, were significantly higher at the density of 66 per m2 (1.0 per liter). Total biomass at harvest increased with density. Survival was affected by stocking density from day 28 onward, decreasing with density from 62.7 ± 7.6% obtained at 66 crayfish/m2 to 44.85 ± 8.18% at 156 crayfish/m2.  相似文献   

14.
The impact of stocking density on growth performance, physiological indicators, and body composition of juvenile blunt snout bream in recirculating aquaculture system was investigated in this study. Juvenile blunt snout bream were raised at stocking densities of 75, 150, 225, 300, and 450 fish/m3 for 12 wk with three replicate tanks at each density. All treatment tanks were supplied with water from the same recirculating system to ensure uniformity of water quality across groups. This study has shown that higher stocking densities had a negative effect on individual growth performance. Final body mass, specific growth rate (SGR), and weight gain decreased significantly as stocking density increased. Individual body mass as well as body length were more uniform in fish stocked at densities of 75 and 150 fish/m3 than in other groups. Stocking densities of 225 and 300 fish/m3 resulted in significant increases in serum total protein, triglyceride, lactate, and cholesterol levels, whereas blood glucose concentrations decreased significantly. In addition, decreased body lipid content and increased body moisture content were observed at stocking densities of 300 and 450 fish/m3. Overall, a density of 150 fish/m3 resulted in higher SGR and more uniform size among juvenile blunt snout bream.  相似文献   

15.
Wang  Xin  Yao  Qi  Lei  Xin-yu  Zhang  Dong-ming  Wang  Sen  Wan  Ji-wu  Liu  Hong-jian  Chen  Yu-ke  Zhao  Yun-long  Wang  Gui-qin  Wang  Qiu-ju  Guo  Zhi-xin 《Aquaculture International》2022,30(2):883-898

This study assessed the effects of stocking density (D02, 0.2 individuals/m2; D03. 0.3 individuals/m2; D04, 0.4 individuals/m2; D05, 0.5 individuals/m2; D06, 0.6 individuals/m2) on Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis; 6.25?±?0.11 g) growth performance, tissue indices, antioxidant enzyme activity (total superoxide, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, and malondialdehyde), and mRNA expression of antioxidant-related genes (SOD, CAT, GPx) in rice crab culture systems. Our results demonstrated that increasing stocking densities decreased the final weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion efficiency (FCR), and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of the crabs. The hepatosomatic index (HSI) of female crabs in D04 group was higher than that of other groups. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) of the male crabs in the D04 group was significantly higher than that of the other groups(P?<?0.05). The meat yield (MY), total edible yield (TEY), and condition factor (CF) of the female and male crabs in the D04 group were higher than those of the other groups. The antioxidant enzyme activity (T-SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and T-AOC) of male and female crabs in the D04 group was significantly higher than that of the other groups, and the MDA content of the D04 group was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P?<?0.05). The stocking density of 0.4 individuals/m2 effectively promoted the efficient mRNA expression of SOD, CAT, and GPx genes in the hepatopancreas of male and female crabs. In summary, the optimal stocking density of E. sinensis in the rice crab culture system is 0.4 individuals/m2.

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16.
Stocking density, representing a potential source of long‐term stress, is widely recognized as a critical factor in aquaculture husbandry. Atlantic salmon were reared at low‐density (LSD, ~9.80–18.41 kg m?3, initial to final density), medium‐density (MSD, ~19.62–36.96 kg m?3) and high‐density (HSD, ~28.79–53.54 kg m?3) stocking levels for 66 days to investigate the stress‐induced changes in fish growth and welfare. At the end of the trial, the salmon in HSD group showed significant lower final weight and higher ration level than those in MSD and LSD groups (P < 0.05). The salmon farmed in LSD group had higher special growth rate (SGR) and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P < 0.05). However, stocking density could not affect the mortality, condition factor and coefficient of variation of salmon. The pectoral fin index of salmon in LSD group was significantly higher than that in HSD group (P < 0.05). Fifteen haematological and serum parameters were detected to assess the stress and welfare levels of salmon. The salmon farmed in HSD group had higher glucose (GLU) level and lower Cl?, haemoglobin (HGB) and red blood cell (RBC) concentrations (P < 0.05). Contrast to the pattern of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, the cortisol, maleic dialdehyde (MDA) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels of HSD group were higher than those in other two groups (P < 0.05). All these findings will provide a reference for selecting suitable stocking density in Atlantic salmon farming industry.  相似文献   

17.
为探讨在池塘循环水槽养殖模式下吉富罗非鱼不同养殖密度的生长特性和生理指标变化,评估吉富罗非鱼在池塘循环水槽养殖模式下的适宜养殖密度,以吉富罗非鱼为实验对象,设计传统池塘养殖模式放养密度5尾/m~2 (SD1组),池塘循环水槽养殖模式放养密度180尾/m~2 (SD2组)和270尾/m~2 (SD3组),比较各组吉富罗非鱼的生长性能,分析血液生化指标和肝脏HSP70 mRNA表达量的变化规律。结果显示,经过120 d的养殖,SD2组吉富罗非鱼终末体质量、特定生长率和绝对生长率显著高于SD1和SD3组。SD2和SD3组存活率、体质量差异系数和饵料系数低于SD1组。SD2组血清皮质醇、血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、溶菌酶水平和肝脏HSP70 mRNA的相对表达量在30 d时显著高于SD1组。SD3组血清皮质醇和葡萄糖水平在60 d后持续上升,120 d时显著高于SD1组,谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、溶菌酶水平和肝脏HSP70 mRNA的相对表达量在60、90 d时显著高于SD1组,甘油三酯在整个实验期显著低于SD1组。SD2组吉富罗非鱼在养殖前期受到环境胁迫,中后期适应环境;SD3组在养殖中后期受到环境胁迫,长期处于应激状态。吉富罗非鱼生长和血清生理指标,池塘循环水槽养殖吉富罗非鱼的适宜养殖密度为180尾/m~2,在该密度下罗非鱼能适应养殖环境,养殖效果优于传统养殖模式。  相似文献   

18.
Abstract

Proximate composition and performance of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) stocked at 40, 50, and 75 kg/m3, were determined. Moisture content of fish fillets decreased while their protein and lipid contents increased during the 24 weeks of rearing period. Statistical analyses indicated that moisture, protein and lipid contents of charr flesh varied significantly among density groups while ash contents did not. While the moisture and ash contents of fish fillets were directly related to stocking density (r = +0.9435 and r = +0.9918, respectively), contents of protein and lipid did not (r = ?0.5251 and r = ?0.7038, respectively). The level of carotenoids in the flesh and skin of Arctic charr increased with duration of feeding on pigmented diets. However, no correlation (r = ?0.6053) existed between stocking density and concentration of carotenoids. The specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were significantly influenced by stocking densities but the hepatosomatic index (HSI) of fish did not. These performance parameters of fish were well correlated with stocking density (r = ?0.9368, ?0.9975, ?0.9899, and ?0.9920, respectively). Although SGR, FCR and PER of fish from different stocking densities varied significantly (p < 0.05), their final weights did not.  相似文献   

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