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1.
人工养殖曼氏无针乌贼生殖系统的解剖学与组织学研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用解剖学和组织切片技术对人工养殖曼氏无针乌贼（Sepiella maindroni）成熟个体的生殖系统进行观察。曼氏无针乌贼为雌雄异体，其雄性生殖系统包括精巢、输精管、精囊（精囊Ⅰ、精囊Ⅱ、精囊Ⅱ的桃核体和精囊Ⅲ）、副性腺和精荚囊：雌性生殖系统包括卵巢、输卵管、输卵管腺以及附属腺（缠卵腺和副缠卵腺）。光镜下，精巢属于小叶型，由精巢壁和实质部分组成，实质部分由精小叶和小叶间质构成；卵巢呈葡萄串状，由卵巢壁、不同时相的卵母细胞和卵巢基质构成。 相似文献
2.
拟目乌贼生殖系统的组织学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了丰富拟目乌贼人工繁育理论,采用组织学方法,对其雌雄生殖系统的结构进行了研究。结果显示,雄性生殖系统可分为精巢、输精管、黏液腺、放射导管腺、中被膜腺、外被膜腺、硬腺、终腺和精荚囊9部分,其中输精管可分为前段、中段(壶腹)和后段3部分。精子发生不同步,成熟精子自精巢产生后,通过输精管,在黏液腺和放射导管腺中形成精团,在中被膜腺和外被膜腺中按规律进行重新排列,硬腺的主要作用是吸水使精荚变硬,最后在终腺中成熟,储存于精荚囊中,在生殖季节分批排出。雌性生殖系统可分为卵巢、输卵管、输卵管腺、1对缠卵腺和1对副缠卵腺5部分,可推测卵子发生不同步,分批成熟,在输卵管腺、缠卵腺和副缠卵腺共同作用下形成三级卵膜结构。拟目乌贼雌雄生殖系统的结构与其受精和产卵方式是相适应的。 相似文献
3.
克氏原螯虾雄性生殖系统的超微结构 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用透射电镜研究了克氏原螯虾输精管的超微结构,采用石蜡切片法研究了克氏原螯虾的精巢、输精管和精荚的显微结构,并对精巢做了周年变化研究。结果表明,精巢由许多生精小囊和收集管组成,其结构呈葡萄串状,生殖细胞在生精小囊内发育成熟后由收集管输送到输精管;输精管有左右两条,相对于左侧输精管,右侧输精管比其约长一半,直径更大,卷曲程度更高,内容物含量更多,分泌细胞内的内质网含量更丰富;输精管根据形态不同分为前、中、后、生殖突4段,前中段具有分泌精荚壁物质的功能,后段具有储存、射出精荚的功能,末端生殖突为输精管出口;精荚呈长囊形或椭球形,由精子团、精荚基质和两层精荚壁组成,精子团偏向精荚一侧分布;克氏原螯虾雄虾精巢在一周年中的5—8月和10月处于精子细胞期的生精小囊比例很高,具有两个成熟时期。 相似文献
4.
环境条件对中国对虾交尾影响的试验观察↑（*） 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文报告了在室内条件下中国对虾雄性生殖系统不同部位精子形态、激活反应及外界环境对对虾交尾影响等的试验观察。雄性生殖系统被分为３部分：精巢（Ｔ）、输精管和精荚（ＴＡ）;输精管又分为前、中、后３段,其中的前（ＡＶＤ）、中（ＭＶＤ）、后（ＰＶＤ）３部分以及精巢和精荚被分别匀浆取样镜检,观察精子形态。结果表明：中国对虾雄性精巢、输精管、精荚及雌虾纳精囊内精子的形态、对卵水的激活反应能力有所差异,是一逐渐成熟过程;雄虾具有多次交尾能力,不同环境条件对中国对虾的交尾影响明显;当雌虾比例较高时交尾率也高;不同对虾密度对交尾影响不明显 相似文献
5.
红螯螯虾输精管的结构及精荚的形成 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
运用组织学、组织化学和蛋白电泳等多种方法,对红螯螯虾输精管结构和精荚形成进行研究,结果发现,红螯螯虾精荚为一个连续的管状结构,由精子群、精荚基质和精荚壁组成; 精荚壁完全包裹精子,分初级、次级精荚壁2层,初级精荚壁由致密的纤丝组成,包裹精子和精荚基质;次级精荚壁由大小不等的小泡和疏松的纤丝组成,包裹在初级精荚壁之外。红螯螯虾输精管可分为前、中、后输精管。其上皮细胞均具有合成、分泌精荚形成物质的功能。前输精管卷曲段的高柱状上皮,分泌弱嗜酸性丝状分泌物,主要成分为中性粘多糖和蛋白质,形成均匀的初级精荚壁;中输精管的高柱状上皮,成丛状向内腔突起,具有分泌泡,其分泌物为嗜酸性、颗粒状物质,主要成分为酸性粘多糖和蛋白质,形成不均匀,黏性极好的次级精荚壁。后输精管结构较简单,肌层较前两者厚,同时管腔更大,其内精荚结构完整。后输精管与射精管相连处有一狭部,内有瓣膜相隔。射精管肌层厚,上皮明显突起,内无精荚。 相似文献
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毛嵌线螺生殖系统的解剖学和组织学研究 总被引：10，自引：5，他引：10
毛嵌线螺雌雄异体。其雄性生殖包括精巢、贮精巢、输精管、前列腺、导精沟和阴茎;雌性生殖系统包括卵巢、输卵管、蛋白腺、受精囊、卵囊腺、交合囊和外生殖孔。前列腺、导精沟和阴茎中的精子输送通道均为开放型的管道。毛嵌线螺的精子包括具有“９＋２”微管结构的头部和尾部。雄性个体右触角后的阴茎是从形态上区分雌雄个体的主要标志。 相似文献
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刀额新对虾 (Metapenaeusensis)采自福建沿海 ,体长约 14cm。活体解剖、取样、固定 ,于OlympusBH 2显微镜下观察 ,其生殖管道分为前输精管、中输精管、后输精管和端壶腹 4部分。前输精管上皮为单层柱状上皮 ,其分泌物呈嗜碱性 ;中输精管分泌物为嗜酸性 ,前段为高柱状上皮 ,后段则为柱状上皮 ,至后段共出现 2处上皮隆起 ,隆起间为扁平上皮 ;分泌管出现于中输精管前段 ,其分泌物呈嗜酸性 ,开口于中输精管后段 ,分泌物由此处流入中输精管腔 ;后输精管腔结构与中输精管腔相似 ,但管径缩小 ;端壶腹共分 3个腔 ,其中 2个由后输精管腔延续形成 ,精荚 1个。精荚由精子团和精荚壁组成。精荚壁分 2层 ,内层为均匀的嗜碱性初级精荚壁 ,精子团位于初级精荚壁中央 ;外层为次级精荚壁 ,呈嗜酸性 ,略呈“C”形包被于初级精荚壁之外。整个精荚横切面的外形似柳叶状 ,分为光滑区和皱折区 2部分 ,光滑区由次级精荚壁包被 ,皱褶区则为裸露的初级精荚壁。精荚形成于中输精管后段 ,它是由前输精管的嗜碱性分泌物、中输精管嗜酸性分泌物以及分泌管上皮细胞分泌物经复杂的化学变化形成 相似文献
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细角螺生殖系统的形态结构观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用解剖学和组织学方法,研究了细角螺生殖系统的结构,并描述了该螺生殖系统的形态构造,探讨了细角螺生殖系统的结构特点。结果表明:细角螺雄性生殖系统由精巢、输精集合管、储精囊、输精管、阴精囊和交接器组成;雌性生殖系统由卵巢、输卵集合管、蛋白腺、缠卵腺、黑腺、交接囊、阴道和腹足口组成。交接器是细角螺特有的结构,在其它腹足纲动物中未见报道。腹足口仅雌性特有,是区分雌雄的唯一形态特征。繁殖期蛋白腺分泌强嗜酸性物质,缠卵腺分泌强嗜碱性物质。在细角螺中发现黑腺结构,其具体功能还有待于进一步研究。 相似文献
9.
草虾的成本高,平均每尾亲虾都要100美金左右,且易脱壳。所以一旦没有交配,既使再度成熟,所产的卵亦不能受精,亲虾将成为无用。为了充分利用亲虾,采取人工受精,移植精荚、输精管的办法可提高产卵受精率,借以提高孵化率达到多次利用的目的。 一、雄性生殖器官: 由于要移植精荚、输精管,所以详细介绍一下雄性生殖器官的构造: 1.生殖巢:雄性草虾的生殖巢由精巢、输精管、射精管、贮精荚囊、生殖孔组成。精巢位于头胸甲胃域～心脏域正下方,肠将其分成左右两片,每片8叶,输精管与精巢相连,自左右第4叶精巢下方成急速弯曲,最粗部位直径达3.25毫米突出肝胰脏后方并与之成直角,输精管内充满粘着性分泌物将精子群包围,呈白浊部分为精子群,输精管末端急速呈细管 相似文献
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中华绒螯蟹雄性生殖系统生化组成及精子代谢 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
通过对中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺及生殖系统各组织生化成分和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性的测定发现:总碳水化合物的含量以副性腺及输精管内容物(含精荚和精浆)较高,为33.456mg·g-1湿重和21.537mg·g-1湿重,肝胰腺、精荚及精巢的含量较低;碳水化合物中的糖原和葡萄糖含量分别以输精管内容物和肝胰腺最高,分别为0.385mg·g-1湿重和5.866mg·g-1湿重,精巢和肝胰腺中的糖原含量太低而无法检测到,精荚葡萄糖含量最低;蛋白质含量以肝胰腺最高,其余各部分含量显著低于肝胰腺;脂类含量以精巢和肝胰腺最高,其中的甘油三酯仅存于肝胰腺和精巢,且肝胰腺含量显著高于精巢。乳酸脱氢酶活性以贮精囊最高,精荚仅为中等,这可能与精荚壁的通透性有关,而精浆和肝胰腺显著低于其它组织。结果表明,中华绒螯蟹能量代谢主要物质是脂类和蛋白质;精子代谢的能量物质为碳水化合物,并由精浆提供,而其代谢的方式以厌氧代谢为主。 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
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Qin-Cheng Huang Di‐Gen Qin Bei‐Ping Tan Tao Du Yuan-Zhi Yang Qi-hui Yang Shu‐Yan Chi Xiao-hui Dong 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(2):816-827
A 5 × 3 factorial growth trial was conducted to evaluate optimal dietary protein and lipid levels (dietary protein level, DP; dietary lipid level, DL) for juvenile Sillago sihama (S. sihama) (2.0 ± 0.02 g, initial weight). Fish were fed 15 diets containing 5 DPs (350, 400, 450, 500 and 550 g/kg) and 3 DLs (60, 90 and 120 g/kg) for 8 weeks. The interaction between proteins and lipids significantly influenced the feed conversion ratio, condition factor, body composition, antioxidant indices and lipase activity (p < .05). DP 450 g/kg showed the highest average final body weight. DPs 500 and 550 g/kg significantly decreased the protein efficiency ratio (p < .05). DL 120 g/kg showed the highest percentage weight gain. The low feed conversion ratio was found in diets P45L12, P55L9 and P55L12. Diet P45L12 showed high superoxide dismutase activities. DP 450 g/kg showed the lowest average malondialdehyde content. Lipase activity was increased by increasing DP (p < .05) with a fall at DP 550 g/kg. Under the present experimental conditions, the optimal DP for S. sihama was 450 g/kg under the DL 120 g/kg. 相似文献
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Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) increased plasma inorganic phosphate concentration in American eels,Anguilla rostrata, in a dose-dependent fashion. This response was more marked in phosphate loaded fish. In control as well as phosphate loaded
eels the hyperphosphatemic response to D3 was associated with a sharp reduction in renal phosphate clearance relative to14C-polyethelene glycol (PEG) clearance. Glomerular filtration and urine flow rates were not affected by D3. As renal phosphate clearance, even in phosphate loaded eels, never significantly exceeded that of PEG, it is suggested that
D3 reduced the relative clearance rate of phosphate by increasing renal phosphate reabsorption rather than by reducing the tubular
secretion of phosphate. 相似文献