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终端父本杜洛克猪新品系选育效果研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用“闭锁与开放”相结合的育种方式组建基础群。依据性能测定结果，以日增重、瘦肉率作为主选性状。对美系杜洛克猪进行了5年的选育。结果日增重公猪达856g。母猪达833g。分别提高了6．87％和5．98％；瘦肉率公猪达66．2％。母猪达65．6％，分别提高2．32％和2．66％；背膘厚公猪下降了0．8mm。母猪下降了0．6mm。 相似文献
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湘沙猪配套系以地方良种沙子岭猪和引进品种巴克夏、大白猪为育种素材,经过5个世代的持续选育,分别育成XS1系(终端父本)、XS2系(母系父本)、XS3系(母系母本)3个专门化品系。各专门化品系主要经济技术指标达到或超过育种目标,遗传稳定。XS1系初产总仔数10.7头,产活仔数10.3头;经产总产仔数11.8头,产活仔数11.4头;公猪达100 kg日龄165.4 d,背膘厚9.9 mm;母猪达100 kg日龄166.5 d,背膘厚10.8 mm。XS2系初产总仔数10.0头,产活仔数9.5头;经产总产仔数10.2头,产活仔数9.8头;公猪达100 kg日龄168.8 d,背膘厚12.5 mm;母猪达100 kg日龄169.7 d,背膘厚13.5 mm。XS3系初产总仔数10.2头,产活仔数9.4头;经产总产仔数11.1头,产活仔数10.3头;公猪达50 kg日龄193.9 d,背膘厚15.6 mm;母猪达50 kg日龄185.7 d,背膘厚17.9 mm。配套系父母代总产仔数12.4头,产活仔数11.9头。配套系商品猪30~100 kg期间平均日增重832.44 g,料重比3.16;100.6 kg屠宰,屠宰率73.0%,胴体瘦肉率58.2%,系水力93.26%,肌内脂肪含量2.9%,肉质优良,市场前景广阔。 相似文献
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课题以新丹系和老丹系为题材,运用GPS育种软件选育,经过1999-2003年共5年四个世代的测定与选择,其主要经济性状已达到育种目标.初产母猪平均产仔数11.5头,经产母猪平均产仔数12头.公猪达90千克,日龄为164.2天,体重25～90千克的日增重722.9克,料重比2.80,背膘厚2.1厘米;母猪达90千克,日龄为164.9天,体重25～90千克日增重702.7克,料重比2.86,背膘厚2.16厘米.运用GPS分析,5年选育累计日龄缩短15.1天,背膘降低6.4毫米,眼肌面积49.62平方厘米、胴体瘦肉率64.12%、肉质优良. 相似文献
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高性能杜洛克专门化品系选育及其利用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用开放与闭锁相结合的群体继代选育法,以原有杜洛克群体为基础,导入高性能的台系杜洛克血缘,运用综合选择指数、最佳线性无偏估计(BLUP)法和分子标记辅助选择(MAS)等育种新方法,主选日增重和活体背膘厚等性状。经6个世代选育,产仔数达10.01头,产活仔数9.02头;肥育期日增重817g,料重比2.74,活体背膘厚9.03mm;瘦肉率67.73%,肌内脂肪含量2.28%(五世代),主选性状全面达到或超过育种目标,成功培育了一个高性能的杜洛克专门化新品系。2000～2006年,共推广种猪1600多头,获得了显著的经济效益和社会效益。 相似文献
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新美系大白猪测定选育报告 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
新美系大白猪测定选育。2003年组建基础群，经过三个世代的选育测定，其主要经济性状达到和超过保种选育指标。公猪30～100kg日增重达到936g，母猪912g；100kg体重背膘厚，公猪10．6mm，母猪11．5mn2，生长到100kg体重日龄公猪152d，母猪157d，饲料报酬为2．6：1，公猪屠宰率为70．3％，眼肌面积46．57％，瘦肉率66．85％；母猪屠宰率为71．5％，眼肌面积48．6％，瘦肉率67．32％。母猪初产仔猪10．3头，二胎为11．5头，经产为12．6头，猪群氟烷基因阳性率为2．03％。开展杂交利用效果好。且将种猪推广到全国20几个省市的218个种猪场，社会效益和经济效益显著。 相似文献
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杜洛克猪新品系选育研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
杜洛克猪新品系采用群体继代选育法选育。于１９８７年秋组建基础群，一年一个世代，迄今已完成四个世代的测定与选择，各项性能指标均已达到或超过育种目标，产仔数：初产母猪为９１９头，经产母猪为１０．６头；同胞肥育测定猪试期（３０－９０千克）平均日增重为７３０．１克，达９０千克体重日龄为１６４．２７天，每千克增重耗料２．９６千克，９０千克体重屠宰胴体平均膘厚为２．２２厘米，眼肌面积３２．６５厘米２，腿臀比例３１．６５％，瘦肉率６４．１５％。主选性状日增重和瘦肉率比选育前分别提高６１．３１克和２．０２％，作为父本品系通过初步杂交配套利用，表现了良好的配合力。目前已推广种猪３３００多头。 相似文献
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采用开放式育种方法对本所和引进杜洛克选育，组建了专门化品系基础群，基础群胴体瘦肉率69．22％，眼肌面积超过41平方厘米，腿臀比例达32．2％，且肉质优良。活体背膘厚公猪9．65毫米，母猪8．27毫米。氟烷基因阳性率为0。日增重692克，达100千克体重日龄178天。 相似文献
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Mass selection for an index of increased postweaning average daily gain and decreased backfat thickness was practiced for five generations. Litter size and weight for 221 gilt litters, birth weight and nipple number for 2,242 piglets and weaning weight at 42 d of age for 2,111 pigs were recorded. Carcass measurements were taken on 331 pigs. Differences between means of the lines (select control) were regressed on cumulative selection differential of the index. These regression coefficients were negative (P greater than .10) for total number born, number born alive, number weaned per litter, nipple number and carcass backfat thickness. Coefficients were positive (P greater than .10) for individual pig and litter weights at birth and weaning and for the carcass traits of length, longissimus muscle area and percentage of ham and loin. Absolute values of realized genetic correlations of index with traits evaluated were all .35 or less except the correlation with carcass backfat, which was -.84. None of these was significant; therefore, index selection for lean growth should have little effect on litter size and weight but may have a beneficial effect on carcass backfat. 相似文献
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为了加快我国瘦肉型猪育种的研究进展,制定出符合我国瘦肉型猪育种现状的经济权重。本研究依据中国杜长大三元杂交猪育种现状,选择了适合中国当前杜长大三元杂交体系的目标性状;以生物经济模型为基础模拟猪的生产流程,计算生产周期各阶段成本和收入;先采用差额法计算目标性状的边际效益,再通过各性状的遗传标准差校正得到各育种目标性状的经济权重。结果表明,目前中国瘦肉型猪育种的繁殖、生长和胴体品质性状主要包括窝产活仔数、母猪断配间隔、饲料转化率、达100 kg体重日龄、达100 kg体重背膘厚。在我国现有生产水平和市场条件下,上述各性状的边际效益分别为：19.52、-1.07、-286.95、-8.41、-13.20元。通过计算不同品种的经济权重,得到杜洛克的饲料转化率、达100 kg体重日龄、达100 kg体重背膘厚相对经济权重分别为：50.42%、34.50%、15.08%;长白和大白群体窝产活仔数、母猪断配间隔、饲料转化率、达100 kg体重日龄、达100 kg体重背膘厚的相对经济权重分别为：16.82%、0.22%、39.56%、31.42%、11.98%和32.77%、0.41%、33.22%、24.43%、9.17%。结果显示,目前,在中国瘦肉型猪育种过程中,饲料利用效率应作为育种的主要目标性状,对于不同品种应选择最适合的性状进行育种。 相似文献
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Serenius T Sevon-Aimónen ML Kause A Mäntysaari EA Mäki-Tanila A 《Journal of animal science》2004,82(8):2301-2306
The objective of this study was to estimate genetic associations of prolificacy traits with other traits under selection in the Finnish Landrace and Large White populations. The prolificacy traits evaluated were total number of piglets born, number of stillborn piglets, piglet mortality during suckling, age at first farrowing, and first farrowing interval. Genetic correlations were estimated with two performance traits (ADG and feed:gain ratio), with two carcass traits (lean percent and fat percent), with four meat quality traits (pH and L* values in longissimus dorsi and semimembranosus muscles), and with two leg conformation traits (overall leg action and buck-kneed forelegs). The data contained prolificacy information on 12,525 and 10,511 sows in the Finnish litter recording scheme and station testing records on 10,372 and 9,838 pigs in Landrace and Large White breeds, respectively. The genetic correlations were estimated by the restricted maximum likelihood method. The most substantial correlations were found between age at first farrowing and lean percent (0.19 in Landrace and 0.27 in Large White), and fat percent (-0.26 in Landrace and -0.18 in Large White), and between number of stillborn piglets and ADG (-0.38 in Landrace and -0.25 in Large White) and feed:gain (0.27 in Landrace and 0.12 in Large White). The correlations are indicative of the benefits of superior growth for piglets already at birth. Similarly, the correlations indicate that age at first farrowing is increasing owing to selection for carcass lean content. There was also clear favorable correlation between performance traits and piglet mortality from birth to weaning in Large White (r(g) was -0.43 between piglet mortality and ADG, and 0.42 between piglet mortality and feed:gain), but not in Landrace (corresponding correlations were 0.26 and -0.22). There was a general tendency that prolificacy traits were favorably correlated with performance traits, and unfavorably with carcass lean and fat percents, whereas there were no clear associations between prolificacy and meat quality or leg conformation. In conclusion, accuracy of estimated breeding values may be improved by accounting for genetic associations between prolificacy, carcass, and performance traits in a multitrait analysis. 相似文献
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Correlated responses in reproductive and carcass traits from a line of Duroc pigs selected for increased 200-d weight along with a randomly selected control line were studied in 189 litters (116 select, 73 control) and 191 pigs (106 select, 85 control), respectively. Reproductive and maternal traits studied included litter sizes born, born alive, and alive at 21 d and litter weight at birth and at 21 d. Carcass traits studied were carcass length, longissimus muscle area, average backfat thickness, 10th rib backfat thickness, specific gravity, weights of closely trimmed ham, loin, and shoulder, belly weight, subjective scoring of the longissimus muscle for color and marbling, estimated percentage of muscle and lean gain per day. Total weighted cumulative selection differential for 200-d weight was 81.7 kg. The realized heritability for 200-d weight was .18 +/- .08, and the change in 200-d weight was 2.5 +/- 1.2 kg per generation. The regression coefficient of litter size born on generation was -.29 +/- .12 (P less than .10) pigs per generation. None of the other regression coefficients for the reproductive traits differed from zero. Average backfat thickness, 10th rib backfat thickness, and belly weight increased by .093 +/- .016 cm, .122 +/- .029 cm, and .089 +/- .040 kg, respectively, per generation. Specific gravity, ham weight, shoulder weight, color score, and percentage of muscle decreased -.00086 +/- .00024, -.165 +/- .013 kg, -.104 +/- .011 kg, -.035 +/- .015 points, and -.47 +/- .12%, respectively, per generation in response to the selection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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为研究不同品系杜洛克作为终端父本对其后代商品猪胴体性状的影响,选取214和108头分别由美系和加系杜洛克公猪配种、出生时间相近(±2 d)和体重相近(35±5 kg)的后代三元商品猪进行育肥饲养,结束饲养后开展屠宰试验,测定背膘厚度、眼肌厚度、瘦肉率和肋骨数。结果显示:加系杜洛克商品后代的背膘厚度、眼肌厚度显著(P<0.05)高于美系杜洛克后代商品猪;加系杜洛克后代商品猪的瘦肉率、肋骨数显著(P<0.05)低于美系杜洛克。同一品系不同性别间背膘厚度、眼肌厚度、瘦肉率均不显著(P>0.05),加系商品公猪肋骨数极显著低于母猪肋骨数(P<0.01)。结论:美系杜洛克后代商品猪的胴体性状优于加系杜洛克后代商品猪。 相似文献
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Correlated responses in reproductive and carcass traits were studied in 181 litters and 218 pigs from a line of Landrace pigs selected six generations for increased weight at 70 d of age and a contemporaneous, randomly selected control line. The reproductive and maternal traits studied included litter sizes born, born alive, and alive at 21 d and litter weight at birth and at 21 d. Carcass traits studied were carcass length, longissimus muscle area, average backfat thickness, 10th-rib backfat thickness, specific gravity, weights of closely trimmed ham, loin, and shoulder, belly weight, subjective scoring of the longissimus muscle for color and marbling, estimated percentage of muscle, and lean gain per day. Total weighted cumulative selection differential for 70-d weight was 30.2 kg. The realized heritability for 70-d weight was .13 +/- .06, and the change in 70-d weight was .65 +/- .29 kg per generation. The regression coefficient of litter size at 21 d on generation was .24 +/- .10 (P less than .10) pigs per generation. None of the other regression coefficients for the reproductive traits differed from zero. Carcass length, specific gravity, and ham weight decreased (P less than .10) -.075 +/- .036 cm, -.00054 +/- .00027, and -.102 +/- .048 kg, respectively, per generation. Color score and lean gain per day increased .046 +/- .021 points and .0032 +/- .0013 kg/d, respectively, each generation in response to the selection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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目前,基因组选择（genomic selection,GS）技术已经在种猪育种中开展,但为获得较高的收益,还需研究一些应用策略,如确定仔猪基因分型个体比例和早期仔猪留种比例。本试验选择温氏集团出生于2011—2016年的大白种猪作为研究对象,共有超过4.5万条的生长测定记录,超过7万条繁殖记录,和2 090个个体的简化基因组测序（GBS）数据,其中,出生于2016年7~12月的440个体作为候选群体。研究性状包括两个生长性状（校正100 kg日龄和校正100 kg背膘厚）和一个繁殖性状（总产仔数）。为对比预测效果,在候选群体进行育种值预测时,按照是否利用其基因型或表型信息分为4种预测方案,比较不同方案的预测可靠性和个体选择指数的排名情况。结果显示,在预测候选群育种值时,利用其表型或基因型信息均比不利用时的预测结果更加可靠。对生长性状终测前、后进行基因组选择指数计算,发现,终测后指数排名前30%的个体都位于终测前指数排名前60%内。若仔猪出生后仅选择常规BLUP预测指数排名前60%的个体,会导致有接近15%的具有优秀潜力的个体被遗漏。本研究建议,对所有新生健康仔猪都进行基因分型并计算基因组选择指数,然后对指数排名靠前60%的个体进行性能测定。 相似文献