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1.
An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of lemon verbena powder and vitamin C on performance and immunity of broilers under heat stress. The experiment was carried out with a total of 160‐day‐old male Ross 308 broiler chickens in a completely randomized design. From 25 days of age, the birds were assigned to four diets including control diet and treatment diets which were supplemented with 2 levels of lemon verbena (0.5% and 1.0%) and one level of vitamin C (250 mg/kg) in 16‐floor pens with 10 chickens each and reared to 42 days of age. To induce chronic heat stress, birds were exposed to an ambient temperature of 35 ± 2 °C for 8 h daily (from 09:00 AM until 17:00 PM) between 25 and 42 days of age. At the end of experiment, one chick/pen was randomly selected, and the performance and blood parameters were evaluated. Dietary supplementation of 1.0% lemon verbena increased (p < 0.05) average weight gain and feed intake by 5.81% and 3.29%, and reduced feed conversion ratio by 2.59% respectively compared to control group. Birds fed diets containing 1.0% lemon verbena had significantly higher relative weight of bursa of fabricius and breast (p < 0.05). LDL decreased by 15.85% and 17.57%, for birds fed 0.5% and 1.0% lemon verbena respectively. The ratio of heterophyl to lymphocyte was reduced (p < 0.05) by 20.68% via significant decrease in heterophyl by 15.55% and significant increase in lymphocyte by 4.51% in birds fed lemon verbena at the rate of 1.0% compared to those fed the control diet. 1.0% lemon verbena and vitamin C elevated (p = 0.0005) the level of glutathione peroxidase by 51.81% and 27.90%, respectively. In conclusion, lemon verbena and vitamin C improved some performance data and blood metabolites which somehow suppressed the negative effects of heat stress.  相似文献   

2.
本试验旨在研究饲粮添加万寿菊提取物对肉鸡血清生化指标、抗氧化能力和免疫性能的影响。选取1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡192只,随机分为3组,每组8个重复,每个重复8只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加0.15%和0.60%的万寿菊提取物,即有效成分叶黄素含量分别为30和120 mg/kg,试验期42 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,1)饲粮添加0.60%万寿菊提取物使肉鸡血清甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著降低(P0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著升高(P0.05);2)0.15%和0.60%万寿菊提取物添加组肉鸡21和42日龄血清总抗氧化能力和超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著提高(P0.05);3)0.60%万寿菊提取物添加组肉鸡21日龄胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊指数显著升高(P0.05),饲粮添加万寿菊提取物使肉鸡血清免疫球蛋白M、免疫球蛋白G和白细胞介素2水平显著升高(P0.05),万寿菊提取物未对肉鸡42日龄免疫器官指数造成显著影响(P0.05)。综上,肉鸡饲粮中添加万寿菊提取物可以提高肉鸡机体的抗氧化能力和免疫性能,且对机体脂代谢有调节作用。  相似文献   

3.
The present context investigated the comparative study on the supplementation of antibiotic, probiotic, organic acid, vitamin C, and herbal extract after vaccination into drinking water and their effects on performance, carcass quality, blood biochemical parameters, immune system, and intestinal flora in broiler chicks for 42 days. A total of 420 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly assigned into 7 treatments with 3 replicates (pens) per treatment and 20 male chicks for each replicate (pen). The experimental treatments consisted of drinking water (control, without additive); drinking water + antibiotic sulfamet; drinking water + C-Vet-50; drinking water + antibiotic sulfamet + C-Vet-50; drinking water + probiotic Primalac; drinking water + butyric acid; and drinking water + extract of Echinacea purpurea Moench (coneflower). There were no differences observed among the treatments for feed intake, but during the whole experimental period, the highest body weight gain was found in the chicks fed with drinking water + antibiotic sulfamet + 50 cc vitamin C (P < 0.05). There were no differences (P > 0.05) observed among the treatments for feed conversion ratio (P > 0.05). Moreover, there were no differences reported among treatments for carcass characteristics at the end of the experiment. Among the treatments, drinking water + 50 cc vitamin C, and drinking water + extract of E. purpurea reduced (P < 0.05) the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoproteins. Drinking water + 50 cc vitamin C, drinking water + Primalac, and drinking water + extract of E. purpurea increased (P < 0.05) the lymphocytes count and decreased the heterophils count and heterophil:lymphocyte ratio. The highest Escherichia coli count and lowest Lactobacillus count in ileal content of the broilers were observed in the control group (P < 0.05). The additives used in this study may be incorporated in the drinking water of broiler chickens as growth promoters and for improved performance. A further, wider supplementation study is required to understand the performance, immune system, variation in the intestinal microbial counts, and any other possible alteration in the intestinal biota of the broilers.  相似文献   

4.
本试验旨在研究在2种能量水平饲粮中添加大豆卵磷脂乳化剂对肉鸡生长性能、养分利用率和血清生化指标的影响。试验采用2×2因子完全随机区组试验设计,将960只1日龄科宝500白羽肉公鸡随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复40只鸡。各组试验鸡分别饲喂2个能量水平和2个乳化剂添加水平组成的试验饲粮,其中代谢能分别为12.13和11.92 MJ/kg(1～21日龄)、12.96和12.65 MJ/kg(22～49日龄),乳化剂添加水平分别为0和265 mg/kg(1～21日龄)、0和400 mg/kg(22～49日龄)。试验测定肉鸡生长性能,能量、干物质、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪表观利用率,以及血糖、血脂和胆汁酸含量。结果表明:肉鸡采食正常能量饲粮前期(1～21日龄)平均日增重极显著高于低能量饲粮(P<0.01),肉鸡全期(1～49日龄)采食添加乳化剂的低能量饲粮料重比能达到正常能量饲粮水平;饲粮添加乳化剂有提高平均日增重和饲粮粗脂肪和能量表观利用率的趋势,可促进胆汁分泌,能显著降低前期及全期料重比(P<0.05)。结果显示,降低饲粮能量显著降低1～21日龄肉鸡平均日增重,提高1～21日龄和1～49日龄料重比;饲粮添加乳化剂能够改善饲料利用率,特别是在1～21日龄肉鸡低能量饲粮中效果更明显。  相似文献   

5.
本试验旨在研究饲粮添加胍基乙酸(GAA)对爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡生长性能、血液学指标、脏器指数、组织同型半胱氨酸含量以及组织形态的影响,以系统评价AA肉仔鸡对GAA的耐受性。试验选用540只1日龄AA肉仔鸡公雏,随机分为5个组,每组6个重复,每个重复18只鸡。5组试鸡分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0、800、1 600、4 000和8 000 mg/kg GAA的饲粮。试验期42 d,分为前期(1~21日龄)和后期(22~42日龄)2个阶段。结果表明:与对照组相比,饲粮添加800~4 000 mg/kg GAA显著提高了肉仔鸡前期、后期和全期平均日增重(P0.05),显著降低其后期和全期料重比(P0.05),但对各期平均日采食量均无显著影响(P0.05)。饲粮添加8 000 mg/kg GAA组的平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比与对照组相比差异不显著(P0.05)。饲粮添加800~8 000 mg/kg GAA对21、42日龄肉仔鸡血常规指标、血清生化指标、脏器指数和组织同型半胱氨酸含量均无显著影响(P0.05)。饲粮添加4 000、8 000 mg/kg GAA对肉仔鸡肝脏和肾脏组织形态无不良影响。由此可见,肉仔鸡饲粮中添加GAA对其生长性能、血液学指标、脏器指数、组织同型半胱氨酸含量和组织形态无不良影响,肉仔鸡可耐受8 000 mg/kg GAA。  相似文献   

6.
本试验旨在探讨复合微生态制剂对肉鸡生产性能、肠道菌群、抗氧化指标和免疫功能的影响。将 ２４０只 １日龄雌性健康肉鸡随机分为 ４组,每组 ３个重复,每个重复 ２０只。试验预试期 ５ｄ,Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮;Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组为试验组,在饲喂基础饲粮同时,分别定时在饮水中添加复合微生态制剂 Ａ及其佐剂 Ｂ,其中复合微生态制剂 Ａ的添加水平为饲粮的２．０‰,６日龄时开始添加,每周 ２次,每次饮用量为周采食量 ２．０‰的 １／２;复合微生态制剂佐剂Ｂ在 ７、１４和 ２１日龄免疫后分别连续使用 ３ｄ,每天 １次,每次饮用量为日采食量的 ０．５‰、１．０‰和 ２．０‰。正试期为 ３７ｄ。测定各组生产性能、肠道菌群数量、抗氧化指标和免疫指标。结果表明：１）在每个试验阶段,Ⅱ组肉鸡平均日增重均显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,料重比均显著低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,且除 ７～１４日龄和 １５～２１日龄料重比外,Ⅱ组肉鸡平均日增重最高,料重比最低,与其他组差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）。２）１４日龄和 ２８日龄时,Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组肉鸡盲肠乳酸菌数量均显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）;１４日龄时,Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组肉鸡盲肠大肠杆菌数量均显著低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,２８日龄时,仅Ⅱ组肉鸡盲肠大肠杆菌数量显著低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。３）２１、２８和 ３５日龄时,Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组肉鸡血浆总抗氧化能力均显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,２组之间差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。４）１４日龄和 ４２日龄时,Ⅳ组肉鸡的脾脏指数最高,均显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）;１４、２８和 ４２日龄时,Ⅲ组肉鸡的法氏囊指数均较高,显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。由此可知,２．０‰复合微生态制剂 Ａ和 ０．５‰复合微生态制剂佐剂 Ｂ能够提高肉鸡生产性能,改善其肠道微生态环境,提高其抗氧化能力。同时,复合微生态制剂及其佐剂的添加可在一定程度上增强肉鸡免疫功能。  相似文献   

7.
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) peel extract (SOPE) on humoral immune system responses in broiler chickens. Three hundred 1‐day broilers (Ross‐308) were randomly allocated to treatments varying in supplemental SOPE added in the drinking water. The experimental groups consisted of three treatments fed for 42 days as follows: a control treatment without feed extract, a treatment containing 1000 ppm of SOPE and a treatment containing 1250 ppm of SOPE. All treatments were isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Broilers were vaccinated with Newcastle disease virus (NDV), avian influenza (AI), infectious bursal disease (IBD) and infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) vaccines. Antibody titer response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was higher in the group fed 1250 ppm of SOPE (P < 0.05) as well as for immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM. Similarly, antibody titer responses to all vaccines were constantly elevated (P < 0.05) by SOPE enrichment in a dose‐dependent manner. Relative weights of spleen and bursa of Fabricius were unaffected by treatments. Dietary SOPE supplementation may improve the immune response and diseases resistance, indicating that it can constitute a useful additive in broiler feeding. Thus, supplying SOPE in rations may help to improve relative immune response in broiler chickens.  相似文献   

8.
文章旨在评估植物粉剂(大蒜粉和石莲花粉)对1~42d肉鸡生长性能、肠道菌群和肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响。试验选择平均初始体重为(48.33±0.47)g的1日龄商品肉仔鸡640只,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复32只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,药物组肉鸡饲喂基础日粮,但通过饮水补充2mg/L维吉尼亚霉素水溶剂,大蒜粉组肉鸡饲喂基础日粮+10mg/kg大蒜粉,石莲花粉组肉鸡饲喂基础日粮+10mg/kg石莲花粉。试验共进行42d。结果:药物组及植物粉剂组肉鸡在21和42d时的体重均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),同时对照组肉鸡在22~42d和1~42d时的日增重和采食量显著低于处理组(P<0.05),与药物组相比,大蒜粉组肉鸡1~21d和1~42d的料重比显著提高3.33%和1.72%(P<0.05)。对照组小肠大肠杆菌数量较药物组、大蒜粉组和石莲花粉组显著提高37.19%、34.60%和35.76%(P<0.05),处理组肉鸡小肠乳酸菌数量较对照组显著提高13.15%、14.16%和15.32%(P<0.05)。石莲花粉组胸肌C18:3脂肪酸含量较对照组、药物组和大蒜粉组分别显著提高了63.46%、88.89%和57.41%(P<0.05),同时药物组n-6与n-3脂肪酸比例较石莲花粉组显著提高32.44%(P<0.05)。结论:在本试验条件下,1~42d肉鸡日粮中添加大蒜粉和石莲花粉可以改善生长性能,同时降低小肠大肠杆菌数量、增加小肠乳酸菌数量。  相似文献   

9.
为比较添加不同浓度蚯蚓提取液对彭县黄鸡生产性能、血清免疫指标和抗氧化指标的影响,选取健康且体重相近的100日龄彭县黄鸡(母鸡)288只,随机分成4个组,每组4个重复,每个重复18只。4个组均饲喂基础日粮,蚯蚓提取液饮水添加的稀释倍数分别为0、300、600、900倍。预饲期5 d,正试期47 d。每周记录采食量,记录生产性能。分别在105日龄和152日龄时全群称重,152日龄时检测血清免疫性能和抗氧化性能指标。结果显示:饮水添加300倍蚯蚓提取液时,能提高彭县黄鸡活重、105~152日龄阶段重、日增重、日采食量(P<0.05),血清C3、IgA、IgG、IgM和IL-6水平显著升高(P<0.05);添加300倍和600倍时,料重比显著降低(P<0.05);添加600倍时,C3、IgA和IgG水平显著升高(P<0.05),T-AOC水平显著降低(P<0.05);添加900倍时,IgA和IgG水平显著升高(P<0.05)。研究表明,本试验条件下饮水添加蚯蚓提取液的适宜稀释倍数为300倍。  相似文献   

10.
本研究旨在探究唾液乳杆菌（Lactobacillus salivarius）对鸡毒支原体（Mycoplasma gallisepticum，MG）感染肉鸡生长性能及肺损伤的影响。选用1日龄AA肉鸡240只，按试验要求随机分为6组，包括对照组（Con）、低剂量唾液乳杆菌组（L）、高剂量唾液乳杆菌组（H）、MG感染组（MG）、MG感染+低剂量唾液乳杆菌组（MG+L）和MG感染+高剂量唾液乳杆菌组（MG+H）。Con组、MG组饲喂基础饲料，L组、MG+L组饲喂添加108 CFU·kg-1唾液乳杆菌的基础饲料，H组、MG+H组饲喂添加109 CFU·kg-1唾液乳杆菌的基础饲料，7日龄时给与MG组、MG+L组和MG+H组进行MG感染攻毒，饲养42 d后，通过分析各组鸡的体重、饲料转化率、肺部MG定植量、肺部病理损伤、肺部炎性损伤相关蛋白表达量及促炎性细胞因子含量来评价唾液乳杆菌缓解MG感染所致肉鸡生长性能下降及肺损伤效果。结果表明，MG感染极显著降低肉鸡体重（P<0.01），并极显著提高饲料转化率（P<0.01），而饲料中添加低剂量唾液乳杆菌和高剂量唾液乳杆菌均能极显著缓解MG感染所致肉鸡体重降低（P<0.01），并极显著改善饲料转化率（P<0.01）。饲料中添加低剂量唾液乳杆菌和高剂量唾液乳杆菌均能极显著降低MG肺部定植量（P<0.01）；明显改善MG感染所致肺部病理损伤；极显著降低MG感染所致炎性损伤相关蛋白（TLR2、HMGB1、p-p65/p65、NLRP3、Pro-Caspase-1/Caspase-1）表达（P<0.01）；极显著降低MG感染所致促炎性细胞因子（TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8）含量（P<0.01）。综上所述，饲料中添加唾液乳杆菌可以显著缓解MG感染所致肉鸡生长性能下降及肺损伤，该株唾液乳杆菌具有较大的应用潜力预防肉鸡感染MG。  相似文献   

11.
本试验旨在研究饲粮添加不同水平酵母硒对爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡生长性能、血液血红蛋白含量和红细胞压积、血浆生化指标、器官指数和组织结构变化的影响,进而评价酵母硒对肉仔鸡的生物安全性。试验采用单因子完全随机设计,选用288只1日龄AA肉仔鸡,随机分为4个组,每个组6个重复,每个重复12只鸡(公母各占1/2)。各组分别在玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮中添加0、0.4、2.4和4.9 mg/kg(以硒计)的酵母硒试验。试验期为42 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.4和2.4 mg/kg酵母硒显著提高了22~42日龄肉仔鸡平均日采食量(P0.05);饲粮添加0.4、2.4和4.9 mg/kg酵母硒显著提高了1~42日龄肉仔鸡平均日增重(P0.05),而各酵母硒添加组之间差异不显著(P0.05)。2)饲粮添加不同水平酵母硒除对21日龄肉仔鸡血浆尿素氮含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性以及42日龄肉仔鸡血浆GSH-Px活性有显著影响(P0.05)外,对其他血浆生化指标均无显著影响(P0.05)。与对照组相比,各酵母硒添加组21和42日龄肉仔鸡血浆GSH-Px活性随着酵母硒添加水平的增加均显著提高(P0.05),且饲粮添加2.4 mg/kg酵母硒显著降低了21日龄肉仔鸡血浆尿素氮含量(P0.05)。3)饲粮添加不同水平酵母硒对21和42日龄肉仔鸡血液血红蛋白含量和红细胞压积及42日龄肉仔鸡器官指数均无显著影响(P0.05),且并未引起主要器官的组织结构变化。综上所述,肉仔鸡饲粮中酵母硒的添加水平为0.4 mg/kg(饲粮中总硒含量为0.41 mg/kg)时,具有10倍的安全系数,即饲粮中以酵母硒形式添加硒对肉仔鸡是安全的。  相似文献   

12.
Abstract

An experiment was conducted using 720 one-day-old Arbor Acres broiler chickens to evaluate the effects of Astragalus membranaceus root powder (AMP), Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and antioxidant enzymes, and metabolites of blood and liver in broiler chickens. The six dietary treatments included a control that was a corn–soybean meal basal diet; basal diet supplemented with 120 mg/kg antibiotic; 350 mg/kg APS; or 5000, 10,000, or 15,000 mg/kg diet of AMP. Supplementation of 10,000 mg/kg AMP increased average daily gain and feed conversion rate of broilers in grower period (22–42 d) and over the entire experiment compared to basic diet. Responses of antioxidant status to dietary APS and AMP varied depending on the age of the broilers. Beneficial effects of AMP on growth and feed utilization of broilers could be obtained by inclusion of AMP at the rate of 10,000 mg/kg diet.  相似文献   

13.
An experiment was conducted to investigate the supplementation of two commercially available multistrain probiotics as an alternative to antibiotics on growth performance, intestinal morphology, lipid oxidation and ileal microflora in broiler chickens. A total of 280‐day‐old ROSS 308 mixed‐sex broiler chickens with an average initial body weight of 42 ± 0.5 g were randomly divided into four treatments with five replicate cages of 14 birds each cage in a completely randomized design and fed with the following diets for 42 day: (a) control (CON) (antibiotic‐free diet), (b) antibiotic (ANT) (CON + Avilamycin 150 g/ton feed), (c) probiotic A (CON + Protexin® 150 g/ton feed) and (d) probiotic B (CON + Bio‐Poul® 200 g/ton feed). The results showed the broilers fed the ANT diet had greater average daily gain than broilers fed the CON diet during day 1–14 (p < 0.05). At day 42, two birds were randomly selected per replicate for evaluation intestinal morphology, lipid oxidation and ileal microflora. birds fed diet supplemented with probiotic A and probiotic B increased villus height and goblet cells numbers in the jejunum and villus height to crypt depth ratio and villus height in the ileum as compared to birds fed CON diet (p < 0.05). The malondialdehyde value was reduced (p < 0.05) in the ANT, probiotic B and probiotic A groups compared with the CON group. The Lactobacillus population was increased and Clostridium spp. population decreased in the ileum of broilers fed diets containing the probiotic B and probiotic A compared with those fed CON diet (p < 0.05). The results from this study indicate that the probiotic A (Protexin®) and probiotic B (Bio‐Poul®) used in this trial may serve as alternatives to ANT.  相似文献   

14.
1. This study was conducted to examine the effect of different levels of humic substances (HS) administered in drinking water on caecal microflora and mineral composition and colour characteristics of breast and thigh meats and the growth performance, carcass and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) traits of broiler chicks.

2. A total of 480 3-d-old broiler chickens were randomly allocated to 4 treatments with 4 cages per treatment and 30 bird (15 males and 15 females) chicks per cage. All birds were fed on commercial basal diet. The control birds (HS0) received drinking water with no additions, whereas birds in the other treatment groups received a drinking water with 7.5 (HS7.5), 15.0 (HS15.0) and 22.5 (HS22.5) g/kg HS. Mush feed were provided on an ad libitum basis. Body weight and feed intake of broilers were determined at d 0, 21, and 42, and feed conversion ratio was calculated. On d 42, 4 broilers (2 males and 2 females) from each cage were slaughtered and the breast and thigh meats were collected for mineral composition and quality measurements.

3. Performance, carcass and GIT traits and caecal microbial population of broiler chicks at d 42 were not affected by the dietary treatments. The lightness (L*) of breast and thigh meat decreased in broilers supplemented with 15 and 22.5 g/kg HS in drinking water. Although the redness (a*) of breast meat increased, yellowness of thigh meat decreased in broilers supplemented with 15 and 22.5 g/kg HS in drinking water (P < 0.05).

4. In conclusion, the 15 and 22.5 g/kg HS administration in drinking water can be applied for broiler chicks to maintain growth performance and improve meat quality without changing caecal microflora.  相似文献   


15.
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary palm oil inclusion levels on growth performance, serum antioxidative status and cytokines in Sanhuang broiler chickens. A total of 208 one‐day‐old female Sanhuang chickens were randomly allocated to four treatment groups with four replicates per group and of 13 birds each for a 42‐day feeding trial. Dietary treatments were basal diet without palm oil (control) and diets containing 2%, 4% or 6% palm oil. During days 22 to 42 and the overall experimental period, chickens fed diets supplemented with 4% and 6% palm oil had a lower average daily feed intake (ADFI) (p = 0.019) and feed to gain ratio (F/G) (p = 0.031). Average daily gain (ADG) tended to be higher (p = 0.089) for palm oil inclusion treatments compared with the control treatment from days 1 to 42. Dietary 2% and 4% palm oil treatments significantly lowed serum malondialdehyde concentration on day 21 when compared to the control and 6% palm oil treatments (p = 0.027). Dietary 6% palm oil treatment significantly reduced the catalase (CAT) activity (p = 0.018) and total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC) (p = 0.027) in serum in comparison with the control treatment on day 21. No significant differences were observed in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) activities in serum among dietary treatments on day 21. There were no significant differences in T‐AOC, CAT, SOD and GSH‐Px activities among dietary treatments on day 42. Dietary inclusion of 4% and 6% palm oil significantly increased (p = 0.01) serum interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) content, but improved transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) content in serum on both days 21 and 42 (p = 0.032 and 0.022 respectively) as well as IL‐10 content on day 42 (p = 0.022) when compared with the control treatment. Furthermore, dietary inclusion of 6% palm oil significantly reduced tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) content on days 21 and 42 (p = 0.021 and 0.001 respectively) compared with the control treatment. These results suggest that dietary inclusion of 4% and 6% palm oil could improve the growth performance, modulate the balance between pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines, and show limited effect on antioxidative status in Sanhuang broiler chickens.  相似文献   

16.
试验旨在研究日粮中添加不同水平酵母培养物对肉仔鸡生长性能、肉品质和肠道菌群的影响。选用432只1日龄、初始体重为（41.73±0.15）g的AA商品代肉仔鸡公雏,随机分为4个处理组（分别在基础日粮中添加0、0.1%、0.2%和0.3%的酵母培养物）,每组6个重复,每个重复18只鸡。试验期42 d,分为1~21和22~42 d两个阶段,试验期间记录采食量、体重和死淘率,试验结束时每个重复选择1只与平均体重接近的肉仔鸡空腹12 h后进行屠宰,测定其屠宰性能和肠道微生物数量。结果显示,与对照组相比,日粮中添加0.2%和0.3%酵母培养物能够显著提高肉仔鸡42 d的体重和试验全期平均日增重（P< 0.05）。且当添加量为0.2%时,能显著提高肉仔鸡22~42 d平均日增重（P< 0.05）,显著降低料重比（P< 0.05）;显著提高试验全期平均日增重和平均日采食量（P< 0.05）,显著降低试验全期料重比（P< 0.05）。同时,添加酵母培养物还可显著降低鸡肉的滴水损失和大肠杆菌数量（P< 0.05）,并显著增加盲肠双歧杆菌数量（P< 0.05）。综上所述,肉仔鸡日粮中添加0.2%酵母培养物的效果最佳,能够显著提高肉鸡生长性能,提高肌肉的系水力,改善其肌肉品质。同时,还能有效增加肉鸡盲肠中有益菌双歧杆菌数量和减少有害菌大肠杆菌数量。  相似文献   

17.
The negative effects of high ambient temperature during some months of the year on poultry production have been of great concern in many countries. Dietary modifications are among the most practical ways to alleviate the effects of high temperature. Possible effects of dietary supplementation with 200 or 400 mg/kg feed of lemon peel extract (LPE), orange peel extract (OPE) and Curcuma xanthorrhiza essential oil (CXEO) under hot conditions (34 °C with 50% relative humidity for 5 h daily starting from day 28 until day 38 of age) on blood antioxidant enzyme activities, biochemical parameters and antibody titres of broiler chickens were investigated. All extracts are rich in phenolic compounds and highly available. Compared to control, supplementation with OPE at 400 mg/kg and CXEO significantly increased erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity, plasma growth hormone concentrations and serum phosphorus, total protein and chloride concentrations and decreased serum low‐density lipoprotein and cholesterol concentrations in chickens at 38 days of age. Regarding antibody titres, CXEO supplementation at 400 mg/kg caused a significant increase in bronchitis antibody titres. Supplementation with LPE and OPE gave more inconsistent results. Most interesting, 400 mg/kg LPE significantly increased 3,5,3′‐triiodothyronine and GH concentration as compared to the control. In conclusion, the herbal extracts tested in this study, in particular CXEO at 400 mg/kg, may relieve some of the changes in blood composition induced by increased ambient temperatures.  相似文献   

18.
This study was conducted to determine weights of body (BW), carcass (CW), gastrointestinal tract (GTW), meat quality and some blood metabolite responses to corn starch, saccharose or glucose administration in the drinking water during pre‐slaughter feed withdrawal (FW) in broilers. On day 42 of age, 200 broilers (Ross 308) were allocated randomly to five treatments with four replicates. During a 10‐h FW, control broilers (C) were provided with non‐treated water and the standard finisher diet ad libitum, whereas fasted broilers provided with non‐treated (NFW) or treated water, 3 g glucose (G), saccharose (S) or corn starch (CS)/L. Eight birds (four males and four females) per treatment were slaughtered. Birds receiving non‐treated or treated water had lower BW and higher carcass yield than the full‐fed broilers. The full‐fed broilers had higher absolute and relative GTW than the fasted birds. Broilers consumed more readily treated water compared with non‐treated water. While the a* value of breast meat from CS birds was higher than that from NFW, the b* value of that was higher than S and C birds. The c* values of breast meat from S birds were lower compared with that from the CS treatment. The thigh meat from NFW broilers had higher h* value than that from C and G broilers. The thigh meats of C and CS broilers had higher c* value than that of G birds. The full‐fed broilers had higher plasma triglyceride concentration than NFW, S and G birds. The full‐fed broilers had higher plasma uric acid and uric acid nitrogen concentrations than S birds. These results show that carbohydrate administration in the drinking water cannot be a good alternative for the FW period before slaughter due to the fact that the carbohydrates do not reduce BW losses and do not lead to increases in meat quality.  相似文献   

19.
In this study, we investigated the effect of Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) supplements on the performance, ileal microbiota carcass traits and biochemical and antioxidant parameters of broiler chickens. MOL was added to starter, grower and finisher diets at four levels (0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 5.0%). A total of 320 one-day-old mixed-sex Cobb-500 broiler chicks were divided equally into four treatment groups, with 5 replicates of 16 chicks each until 42 days of age. Compared to the control group, chicks fed 0.5% and 1% MOL exhibited a higher final body weight (FBW), greater weight gain (BWG), and better average daily gain (ADG). Feed intake (FI) gradually decreased as the inclusion rate of MOL in the broilers' diet increased to 5%. The best feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and performance index (PI) were observed in broilers that were fed the MOL diet. The percentage of abdominal fat in broilers decreased significantly in response to dietary supplementation with MOL. The haematological profile in the MOL group revealed a lower WBC count and lymphocyte percentage but higher heterophil and H/L ratio without affecting haemoglobin and RBC count. The inclusion of MOL increased total serum protein, Ca and P levels but decreased glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, AST and ALT concentrations. Moreover, dietary MOL increased the activities of GSH, CAT and SOD, GPx and GST while decreasing the TBARS level. The pH value decreased in the ileum of broilers fed the 1% and 5% MOL diet compared to the other treatments. Decreased ileal counts of E. coli, Salmonella and Staphylococcus spp. were observed whereas the total ileal Lactobacillus spp. count increased in broilers fed the MOL diet. In conclusion, the MOL supplement can enhance growth performance and antioxidant status, alter ileal microbiota and protect against enteropathogens with no deleterious effects on the broiler chickens.  相似文献   

20.
补饲青绿饲料对不同性别肉仔鸡皮肤色泽的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
研究了在饲喂全价配合日粮基础上补饲青绿饲料对不同性别肉仔鸡全身不同部位皮肤色泽的影响。各组自由采食玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,分别于第1、15、29天开始补饲青绿饲料,比较分析42日龄时的全身各部位皮肤的色泽(L、a、b值)。结果表明,不同性别肉仔鸡各部位皮肤色泽间存在一定的差异性;补饲青绿饲料对肉仔鸡皮肤色泽的影响效应,以黄度最强和亮度最弱;补饲青绿饲料的时间越早,对肉仔鸡皮肤色泽的影响越明显;补饲青绿饲料对母肉仔鸡皮肤色泽的影响比对公肉仔鸡更显著。  相似文献   

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