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1.
《中国家禽》2017,(11)
试验旨在研究饲粮添加屎肠球菌对禽大肠杆菌O78感染肉鸡生产性能、肠道微生物菌群和血液抗氧化功能的影响。选取288只1日龄罗斯308母鸡,随机分成4组。分别在各试验组基础饲粮中添加0、100、200、300 mg/kg屎肠球菌。各试验组在11日龄均气囊接种禽大肠杆菌,0.2 mL/只。结果表明:与无添加组相比,(1)饲粮中添加屎肠球菌可线性提高10日龄肉鸡体重(BW)(P0.05),线性及二次线性提高22和35日龄肉鸡BW(P0.05),线性提高1~10、10~22和10~35日龄肉鸡平均日增重(P0.05),降低感染后肉鸡死亡率。(2)饲粮中添加屎肠球菌可线性降低感染后3 d盲肠大肠杆菌和沙门菌数量(P0.05),线性及二次线性降低双歧杆菌数量(P0.05);感染后7 d,屎肠球菌添加组大肠杆菌和沙门菌数量线性降低(P0.05)。(3)感染后3和7 d,屎肠球菌组血清总抗氧化能力分别呈线性(P0.05)和二次线性降低(P0.05);血清丙二醛含量均呈线性及二次线性降低(P0.05);谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性均为二次线性降低(P0.05)。由此可见饲粮添加屎肠球菌可缓解禽大肠杆菌O78感染导致的肉鸡生产性能下降,通过调节肠道菌群结构和机体氧化状态,来减轻大肠杆菌感染造成的生理失衡。提示饲粮添加200 mg/kg屎肠球菌可有效预防肉鸡大肠杆菌O78感染。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同剂量的屎肠球菌对肉鸡生长性能、血清生化指标、肠道形态和抗氧化功能的影响。试验选用150只1日龄健康罗斯308肉鸡，随机分为3个组，每组5个重复，每个重复10只鸡（公母各占1/2）。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，低剂量屎肠球菌组和高剂量屎肠球菌组分别在基础饲粮中添加500和1 000 mg/kg屎肠球菌菌粉（活菌数为3.46×108CFU/g）。试验期28 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，饲粮中添加不同剂量的屎肠球菌对肉鸡各阶段生长性能均无显著影响（P>0.05）。2）与对照组相比，高剂量屎肠球菌组肉鸡血清总蛋白含量显著提高（P<0.05），血清磷含量有提高的趋势（P=0.054）；低剂量屎肠球菌组肉鸡血清钙含量显著降低（P<0.05）。3）与对照组相比，低剂量屎肠球菌组和高剂量屎肠球菌组肉鸡十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值显著提高（P<0.05），十二指肠隐窝深度显著降低（P<0.05）。4）与对照组相比，低剂量屎肠球菌组和高剂量屎肠球菌组肉鸡血清和十二指肠过氧化氢含量显著降低（P<0.05），空肠过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶... 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2021,(11)
研究通过在基础饲粮中分别添加抗生素和屎肠球菌,研究其对肉鸡生长性能以及血清生化指标的影响。选取180只1日龄平均体重相近的爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡,将其随机分为3组,每组再分为6个重复。第一组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮;第二组为抗生素组,在基础饲粮中添加黄霉素、吉他霉素和金霉素组合;第三组为屎肠球菌组,在基础饲粮中添加6.75×10~9CFU/kg屎肠球菌。试验共进行42 d。结果表明:相比于对照组,屎肠球菌显著降低了肉鸡1～21日龄平均日采食量(P0.05)和22～42日龄料重比(P0.05),显著增加了21日龄体重(P0.05);抗生素显著降低了肉鸡1～21日龄平均日采食量(P0.05)和22～42日龄料重比(P0.05),显著增加了42日龄体重以及22～42日龄平均日增重和平均日采食量(P0.05)。饲粮添加屎肠球菌促进了肉鸡脂类和蛋白质的合成代谢,提高了肉鸡生长性能。屎肠球菌可替代抗生素应用于肉鸡饲料中。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究日粮中添加屎肠球菌对AA肉鸡生产性能、免疫器官指数和血液脂质代谢相关指标的影响,探讨屎肠球菌替代抗生素在肉鸡日粮中应用的可行性及其最适添加量。试验选取1日龄AA肉鸡公仔鸡600只(50g/只),随机分成5组,每组6个重复,每个重复20只鸡。对照组(CON)饲喂基础日粮;抗生素组(ANT)饲喂基础日粮+0.1%金霉素;3个屎肠球菌试验组(LEF、MEF和HEF组)在基础日粮中分别添加50、100、200mg/kg屎肠球菌。试验分2期,分别为1~21日龄(前期)和22~42日龄(后期)。结果显示:(1)各试验组肉鸡生长性能与CON组相比均无显著差异(P0.05);从饲养全期看,MEF组和HEF组AA肉鸡的死淘率最低。(2)在饲养后期,与CON组相比,MEF组胸腺指数显著提高(P0.05),MEF组脾脏指数有提高的趋势(0.05P0.1)。(3)在饲养前期,与CON组和ANT组相比,LEF组和HEF组血清总胆固醇(TC)含量极显著降低(P0.01);与ANT组相比,LEF组和MEF组血清甘油三酯(TG)含量极显著降低(P0.01);与CON组相比,MEF组和HEF组血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL)含量极显著提高(P0.01);与ANT组相比,添加屎肠球菌试验组的低密度脂蛋白(LDL)含量极显著降低(P0.01)。在饲养后期,与CON组和ANT组相比,LEF组肉鸡血清中TG含量极显著降低(P0.01),LEF组和MEF组HDL含量极显著提高(P0.01)。综上所述,在肉鸡饲养中,添加屎肠球菌可以在一定程度上降低死淘率,并有促进免疫器官发育的趋势,还具有一定的降低血脂的作用。综合考虑,建议在AA肉鸡日粮中添加100mg/kg屎肠球菌。 相似文献
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齐梦迪李铁张克英王建萍白世平曾秋凤彭焕伟吕莉丁雪梅 《动物营养学报》2023,(10):6387-6401
本试验旨在研究枯草芽孢杆菌和屎肠球菌长期添加对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和血清指标的影响。选取528只1日龄健康罗曼粉蛋雏鸡,采用2×2双因素试验设计,随机分为4个组,每个组6个重复,每个重复22只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加200 mg/kg枯草芽孢杆菌制剂(枯草芽孢杆菌组)、200 mg/kg屎肠球菌制剂(屎肠球菌组)和200 mg/kg枯草芽孢杆菌制剂+200 mg/kg屎肠球菌制剂(枯草芽孢杆菌和屎肠球菌合用组)的饲粮。试验期30周。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验组蛋鸡第1~8周料重比均显著降低(P<0.05)。主效应分析结果表明,饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌显著降低蛋鸡第1~8周料重比(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,试验组蛋鸡23~30周龄产蛋率均显著提高(P<0.05)。主效应分析结果表明,饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌显著提高蛋鸡产蛋率和平均蛋重(P<0.05)。枯草芽孢杆菌和屎肠球菌对蛋鸡产蛋率有极显著交互作用(P<0.01)。3)与对照组相比,枯草芽孢杆菌和屎肠球菌合用组蛋鸡血清雌二醇(E2)含量显著提高(P<0.05),屎肠球菌组以及枯草芽孢杆菌和屎肠球菌合用组血清促卵泡生成素(FSH)、抗缪勒氏管激素(AMH)和孕酮(PROG)含量显著提高(P<0.05),枯草芽孢杆菌组血清AMH含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。主效应分析结果表明,饲粮添加屎肠球菌显著提高蛋鸡血清E2、FSH和PROG含量(P<0.05),饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌显著提高血清AMH含量(P<0.05)。枯草芽孢杆菌和屎肠球菌对蛋鸡血清AMH含量有极显著交互作用(P<0.01)。综上所述,饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌和屎肠球菌均可促进蛋雏鸡早期的生长,并通过提高血清繁殖激素的含量,提高产蛋期产蛋率,但两者合用并没有进一步提升效果。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加屎肠球菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群和免疫功能的影响。选用255头(35±1)日龄断奶的"杜×长×大"三元杂交仔猪,随机分为5个组,每个组3个重复,每个重复17头仔猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(不添加抗生素和屎肠球菌);抗生素组在基础饲粮中添加8 mg/kg黄霉素和90 mg/kg阿散酸;屎肠球菌3个试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加100、300、500 mg/kg屎肠球菌。试验期为35 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加屎肠球菌对仔猪平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)、料重比(F/G)没有显著影响(P>0.05),但添加100、300 mg/kg的屎肠球菌有提高仔猪ADFI的趋势(P>0.05),添加500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌有降低仔猪F/G的趋势(P>0.05)。与抗生素组相比,饲粮中添加屎肠球菌对仔猪ADG、ADFI、F/G均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著增加仔猪盲肠中乳酸杆菌的数量(P<0.05);与抗生素组相比,饲粮中添加100、300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌对其数量没有显著影响(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,饲粮中添加500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著降低仔猪结肠中大肠杆菌的数量(P<0.05),添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著增加仔猪结肠中乳酸杆菌数量(P<0.05);与抗生素组相比,饲粮中添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著增加仔猪结肠中乳酸杆菌数量(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加300 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著提高仔猪脾脏重量和脾脏指数(P<0.05)。与抗生素组相比,饲粮中添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌可显著提高仔猪脾脏重量(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著提高仔猪血液中淋巴细胞数量及淋巴细胞比率(P<0.05),添加100、300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著提高血清中免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量(P<0.05),添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著提高血清中免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量(P<0.05)。与抗生素组相比,饲粮中添加300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著提高仔猪血液中淋巴细胞比率及血清中IgM含量(P<0.05),添加100、300、500 mg/kg的屎肠球菌显著提高血清中IgG含量(P<0.05)。综上所述,仔猪饲粮中添加屎肠球菌可以改善仔猪生长性能,维持仔猪肠道菌群平衡,有效增强仔猪免疫力,其中以添加500 mg/kg效果最好。 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2019,(17):31-34
试验旨在研究21日龄爱拔益加(Arbor Acres, AA)肉鸡日粮中添加不同剂量屎肠球菌对空肠绒毛形态结构及小肠肠道酶活的影响。试验选取600只1日龄AA肉鸡(公鸡),随机分成5组,每组6个重复。对照组(CON组)饲喂基础日粮,抗生素组(Ant组)在基础日粮中添加0.1%金霉素,低(LEF组)、中(MEF组)、高(HEF组)剂量屎肠球菌组分别在基础日粮中添加50、100、200 mg/kg屎肠球菌。结果显示:①相比于CON组,LEF组肉鸡空肠中绒毛高度有显著性增加(P<0.05),Ant组肉鸡空肠中隐窝深度也有显著性增加(P<0.05),其他各处理组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。②与CON组相比,HEF组和Ant组肉鸡肠道中十二指肠中麦芽糖酶活性均显著提高(P<0.05),HEF组和Ant组肉鸡空肠中麦芽糖酶活性也显著提高(P<0.05);相比于CON组,Ant组和HEF组肉鸡空肠中乳糖酶活性显著提高(P<0.05)。LEF组、HEF组和Ant组肉鸡空肠中糜蛋白酶活性与CON组相比显著降低(P<0.05),LEF组、HEF组及Ant组肉鸡十二指肠中脂肪酶活性显著低于CON组(P<0.05)。结果表明,在肉鸡基础日粮中添加50 mg/kg屎肠球菌可显著提高肉鸡空肠绒毛高度。添加屎肠球菌能显著提高其十二指肠和空肠中麦芽糖酶活性,降低糜蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性,且以200 mg/kg添加量效果最明显。 相似文献
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日粮中添加屎肠球菌对AA肉鸡生产性能、免疫器官指数和血液脂质代谢相关指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本试验旨在研究日粮中添加屎肠球菌对AA肉鸡生产性能、免疫器官指数和血液脂质代谢相关指标的影响，探讨屎肠球菌替代抗生素在肉鸡日粮中应用的可行性及其最适添加量。试验选取1日龄AA肉鸡公仔鸡600只（50 g/只），随机分成5组，每组6个重复，每个重复20只鸡。对照组（CON）饲喂基础日粮；抗生素组（ANT）饲喂基础日粮+0.1%金霉素；3个屎肠球菌试验组（LEF、MEF和HEF组）在基础日粮中分别添加50、100、200 mg/kg屎肠球菌。试验分2期，分别为1~21日龄（前期）和22~42日龄（后期）。结果显示：①各试验组肉鸡生长性能与CON组相比均无显著差异（P>0.05）；从饲养全期看，MEF组和HEF组AA肉鸡的死淘率最低。②在饲养后期，与CON组相比，MEF组胸腺指数显著提高（P<0.05），MEF组脾脏指数有提高的趋势（0.05 < P < 0.1）。③在饲养前期，与CON组和ANT组相比，LEF组和HEF组血清总胆固醇（TC）含量极显著降低（P<0.01）；与ANT组相比，LEF组和MEF组血清甘油三酯（TG）含量极显著降低（P<0.01）；与CON组相比，MEF组和HEF组血清高密度脂蛋白（HDL）含量极显著提高（P<0.01）；与ANT组相比，添加屎肠球菌试验组的低密度脂蛋白（LDL）含量极显著降低（P<0.01）。在饲养后期，与CON组和ANT组相比，LEF组肉鸡血清中TG含量极显著降低（P<0.01），LEF组和MEF组HDL含量极显著提高（P<0.01）。综上所述，在肉鸡饲养中，添加屎肠球菌可以在一定程度上降低死淘率，并有促进免疫器官发育的趋势，还具有一定的降低血脂的作用。综合考虑，建议在AA肉鸡日粮中添加100 mg/kg屎肠球菌。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究在基础日粮中添加0.05%耐热型屎肠球菌对断奶仔猪生产性能、免疫功能和腹泻率的影响。本试验选取健康状况良好的杜×长×大仔猪80头,按胎次、性别一致,体重相近的原则随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复10头仔猪,试验期40天。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮的基础上添加0.05%的耐热型屎肠球菌产品。结果表明:(1)试验组日增重显著高于对照组(P0.05),但两组日采食量和料重比均无显著差异(P0.05);(2)试验组腹泻率、大肠杆菌数均显著低于对照组(P0.05),乳酸杆菌数显著高于对照组(P0.05);(3)试验组血清中免疫球蛋白高于对照组,但差异不显著(P0.05)。结论:在基础日粮中添加0.05%屎肠球菌,可提高断奶仔猪的生产性能。 相似文献
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Breed differences for weight (CW), height (CH), and condition score (CS) were estimated from records (n = 12,188) of 2- to 6-yr-old cows (n = 744) from Cycle IV of the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center's Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program. Cows were produced from mating Angus and Hereford dams to Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Shorthorn, Galloway, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, and Salers sires. Samples of Angus and Hereford sires were 1) reference sires born from 1962 through 1970 and 2) 1980s sires born in 1980 through 1987. The mixed model included cow age, season of measurement and their interactions, year of birth, pregnancy-lactation code (PL), and breedgroup as fixed effects for CW and CS. Analyses of weight adjusted for condition score included CS as a linear covariate. The model for CH excluded PL. Random effects were additive genetic and permanent environmental effects associated with the cow. Differences among breed groups were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits and were maintained through maturity with few interchanges in ranking. The order of F1 cows for weight was as follows: Charolais (506 to 635 kg for different ages), Shorthorn and Salers, reciprocal Hereford-Angus (HA) with 1980s sires, Nellore, HA with reference sires, Galloway, Piedmontese, and Longhorn (412 to 525 kg for different ages). Order for height was as follows: Nellore (136 to 140 cm), Charolais, Shorthorn, Salers, HA with 1980s sires, Piedmontese, Longhorn, Galloway and HA with reference sires (126 to 128 cm). Hereford and Angus cows with reference sires were generally lighter than those with 1980s sires. In general, breed differences for height followed those for weight except that F1 Nellore cows were tallest, which may in part be due to Bos taurus-Bos indicus heterosis for size. 相似文献
13.
In experiment 1, 6 pregnant mares received a concentrate that contained a trace mineral premix that provided 14.3 mg Cu, 40 mg Zn, 28 mg Fe, 28 mg Mn, 0.08 mg Co, 0.16 mg I, and 0.16 mg Se/kg concentrate (group A). Seven mares received the same concentrate plus 502 mg Zn and 127 mg Cu once daily (group B). No differences (P > .05) in foal growth data, or Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum were observed. In experiment 2, 6 pregnant mares received the same concentrate as group A (group C), and 8 mares received the same concentrate fortified with 4× the trace mineral premix (group D). Group C mares had higher serum Zn concentration at 1 day (P < 0.01) and 56 days (P < 0.04). Group C mares had higher milk Fe concentration at 28 days (P < .01), and group D mares had higher milk Cu concentration at 56 days (P < .01). Group C foals had higher serum Cu concentration at 14 days (P < .03). The results from this study provide no evidence to indicate that supplementing late gestating and lactating mares with higher dietary trace mineral levels than those recommended currently by NRC has any influence on foal growth and development, or on the Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of the mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum. 相似文献
14.
Nadine Pa?lack Barbara Mainzer Monika Lahrssen-Wiederholt Helmut Schafft Richard Palavinskas Angele Breithaupt Jürgen Zentek 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(1):57-66
This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), and lead (Pb) in canine liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla, and the association of these concentrations with age, gender, and occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Tissues from 50 dogs were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cu, Zn, and Mn levels were highest in the liver followed by the renal cortex and renal medulla. The highest Sr, Cd, and Se concentrations were measured in the renal cortex while lower levels were found in the renal medulla and liver. Female dogs had higher tissue concentrations of Sr (liver and renal medulla), Cd (liver), Zn (liver and renal cortex), Cr (liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla), and Pb (liver) than male animals. Except for Mn and Sb, age-dependent variations were observed for all element concentrations in the canine tissues. Hepatic Cd and Cr concentrations were higher in dogs with CKD. In conclusion, the present results provide new knowledge about the storage of specific elements in canine liver and kidneys, and can be considered important reference data for diagnostic methods and further investigations. 相似文献
15.
《饲料工业》2019,(18):54-58
应用电感耦合等离子-质谱技术(ICP-MS),建立饲料中钠、镁、铬、锰、铁、铜、锌、砷、硒、镉和铅等元素的测定方法。对饲料样品的前处理方法、仪器工作参数和11种元素标准曲线进行优化;并以加标回收、分析方法比对和重复测试说明方法的准确性和精密性。方法在0～1 000 ng/ml范围内线性良好,仪器检出限为0.557 7～5.072 ng/ml,具有良好的精密度,其回收率在88.1%～104.4%之间,相对标准偏差小于5.0%。同时与原子吸收和原子荧光方法进行比对,测定结果相近。所建立的方法简单、快速,可替代原子吸收和原子荧光方法测定饲料中的11种金属元素,为饲料的质量控制提供理想的元素分析方法。 相似文献
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K Reifenberg M Stahl U L?sch 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1989,36(3):191-198
A simple two step procedure for the isolation of caprine, ovine, bovine, equine, canine, porcine and human peripheral blood granulocytes is described. After enrichment of granulocytes by centrifugation, contaminating erythrocytes are lysed hypotonically. Recovery, purity, and viability of the granulocyte suspensions are determined. FACScan analysis of the cell suspensions measuring cellular size by forward and sideward light scatter is compared with the corresponding analysis of whole blood leukocytes. Constituencies of the isolated cell suspensions and loss of granulocyte subpopulations through isolation procedure is discussed with regard to granulocyte function assays. 相似文献
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《The Journal of small animal practice》1975,16(1-12):143-154
Circular excised skin wounds in the thoracic and metatarsal regions of the dog were studied. A similar sequence of events took place in the two regions although differences did occur due to the different reactions of the tissues which surrounded the wounds. None of the wound cavities became filled with exudate during the early stages of healing. In the thoracic wounds the cavities were largely filled by the swelling and inward movement of adipose tissue. Epithelium first grew on the wound surface in the sector of the wound that was situated in the direction of hair flow. The average time to complete epithelization was similar in both sets of wounds. A zone of alopecia developed around the wounds. 相似文献