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1.
本研究针对牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒（Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus，IBRV）高度保守的gC基因设计单标记并具有自身荧光淬灭功能的LUX^TM引物，建立L刚新型实时荧光PCR方法用于快速检测IBRV。该方法对四株IBRV细胞培养物的检测均呈典型阳性反应，而对其它动物疱疹病毒以及健康牛组织DNA和细胞对照的检测结果为阴性，检测时间包括核酸提取仅需1h～2h。试验表明，LUX^TM荧光PCR法对IBRV细胞增殖病毒液的检测敏感性可达0．04TCID50，比病毒分离敏感性至少提高10倍；对10倍系列稀释的纯化IBRV核酸样品，L刚荧光PCR的检测敏感性比常规PCR可提高10^3倍。将病毒液添加到健康牛精液和血液样品中，该荧光PCR可检测到牛冻存精液中40TCID50牛抗凝全血、血清和临床精液中0．04TCID50的病毒，说明对临床样品的检测有效。本研究所建立的LUXTM荧光PCR方法快速敏感，适合应用于活牛及其遗传物质的进出口检疫、养牛业疾病防控等领域对IBRV的快速检测。  相似文献   

2.
IBRV内蒙古分离株NM06gE基因的克隆与序列分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
参考GenBank发表的牛疱疹病毒Ⅰ型全基因序列设计gE基因PCR扩增引物,以牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒内蒙古分离株NM06提取的DNA为模板,运用PCR的方法扩增gE基因,扩增产物经克隆、序列测定和拼接,结果表明:测定序列全长为2086 bp,包含gE基因1793 bp,其中有1728 bp组成的完整开放阅读框,编码576个氨基酸.将NM06株gE基因序列与GenBank发表的参考毒株核苷酸序列相比,与4株BHV-1病毒的同源性在99.3%～99.9%;与2株BHV-1.1型分离株同源性高达99.5%、99.6%;与BHV-1.2型分离株同源性为93.4%.从进化树中也可以看出:NM06株与BHV-1.1型分离株属于同一个进化分支,而BHV-1.2 BH83株属于另一个进化分支,可以推测IBRV NM06分离株属于BHV-1.1型.NM06株与牛疱疹病毒5型N569病毒的同源性为82.9%,与鹿疱疹病毒2型Norway4病毒的同源性为72.6%.  相似文献   

3.
牛疱疹病毒Ⅰ型 (BHV-1) gD 蛋白是已知组成 BHV-1 病毒粒子被膜的 4 种蛋白(gB、gC、gD 、gE)之一.鼠和牛的免疫试验显示,gD 能够引起比 gB、gC 更强而持久的细胞免疫.试验对 BHV-1 大庆分离株(DQ01株)的理化特性进行了鉴定,并对 gD 基因进行了序列分析,现报道如下.  相似文献   

4.
牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒套式PCR检测方法的建立   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
利用套式PCR技术建立一种快速检测牛传染病鼻气管炎病毒(bovine infectious rhinotracheitis virus,IBRV)并能区分野毒株和gB基因缺失疫苗的方法。根据基因库中牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒的gB和gE基因序列,应用pri mer5.0软件设计了gB/BN和gE/EN的2套套式PCR引物,分别对IBRV标准株进行PCR扩增,结果表明,这2套引物均能扩增出与设计目的片段大小一致的特异性条带;用此引物对同属的伪狂犬病毒、马立克氏病毒、鸭瘟病毒进行扩增,具有良好的特异性。引物gB/BN和gE/EN的检测灵敏度分别为0.01TCID50和0.1TCID50。  相似文献   

5.
牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒（Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus，IBRV）又名牛疱疹病毒Ⅰ型（bovine herpesvirus Ⅰ，BHV-1）。BHV-1基因能编码11种糖蛋白，其中gB蛋白和gE蛋白在病毒致病过程和刺激机体产生抗体的过程中都起到较大的作用。笔者就关于gB、gE这2种糖蛋白的研究做一概述。  相似文献   

6.
为建立检测牛疱疹病毒（BHV-1）、牛呼吸道合胞体病毒（BRSV）、牛副流感病毒3型（BPIV-3）和牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）单一或混合感染的荧光PCR检测方法,根据BHV-1 gB基因、BRSV F基因、BPIV-3 M基因和BVDV 5''UTR基因保守区序列分别设计特异性引物和TaqMan荧光探针,经条件优化,成功建立了BHV-1、BRSV、BPIV-3和BVDV的四重荧光PCR检测方法。该方法对牛布鲁氏菌、猪瘟病毒、小反刍兽疫病毒、羊多杀性巴氏杆菌无特异性扩增;对BHV-1、BPIV-3和BVDV的最低检测量均为8.268 copies/μL,对BRSV的最低检测量为82.680 copies/μL;该方法重复性好,CV值为1%~2%。应用本方法检测采自湖南省内某屠宰场的865份样品,结果BHV-1、BRSV、BPIV-3和BVDV等4种病原均有检出,其阳性率分别为0.58%,0.81%,0.23%和0.81%。本研究建立的多重荧光PCR检测方法可同时对BHV-1、BRSV、BPIV-3和BVDV进行检测,为这4种病原的快速诊断和鉴别提供了技术支撑。  相似文献   

7.
对PrV Ea TK^-/gE^-/gI^-基因缺失疫苗的安全性和保护力进行了系统的研究。试验表明，该基因缺失疫苗10^5.0TCID50和10^6.0TCID50病毒剂量对妊娠母猪、新生仔猪和育肥猪均是安全的，并可保护妊娠母猪抵抗10^7.1 TCID50强毒的攻击。新生仔猪免疫30d后，gE鉴刖ELISA试验表明，PrV Ea TK^-/gE^-/gI^-免疫猪不产生针对gE的抗体。育肥猪在二次免疫后中和抗体水平显著升高。以10^5.0 TCID50和10^6.0 TCID50疫苗病毒接种家兔、猫和奶山羊等非靶动物，结果非靶动物未出现精神异常或死亡现象，说明该基因缺失疫苗具有极高的生物安全性。  相似文献   

8.
为构建表达牛呼吸道合胞体病毒(BRSV)G蛋白基因的牛疱疹病毒Ⅰ型(BHV-1)重组病毒,本研究将人工合成的BRSV全长G蛋白基因编码序列插入到巨细胞病毒(CMV)启动子之下构建TK基因缺失转移载体。利用磷酸钙-DNA沉淀法将该转移载体与亲本病毒BHV-1/TK-/LacZ+的基因组DNA共转染牛鼻甲细胞后收获增殖的病毒。通过反向蚀斑筛选,得到重组病毒BHV-1/TK-/G+。PCR检测结果证实G蛋白基因已经插入到了亲本病毒BHV-1/TK-/LacZ+的基因组中,间接免疫荧光试验和western blot证实BHV-1/TK-/G+中的G蛋白基因在感染的细胞中获得了表达。本研究为研制BRSV及其他重要牛传染病的BHV-1病毒活载体疫苗奠定了基础。  相似文献   

9.
牛疱疹病毒(BHV-1)属于α疱疹病毒亚科的DNA病毒,可引起牛高热、上呼吸道感染和母牛流产。该病毒能在牛的感觉神经节内建立潜伏感染,因此,对于该病毒感染的预防和治疗较为困难。BHV-1除了引起初始感染外,还可通过免疫抑制引起动物继发感染,导致动物死亡。研究发现,病毒入侵牛机体时,病毒囊膜糖蛋白在病毒与细胞间相互作用的过程中发挥了重要作用。论文对牛疱疹病毒1型主要囊膜糖蛋白(包括gB、gD、gN)的结构特征和生物学特征加以归纳总结,为该病毒的感染特性研究和预防提供参考。  相似文献   

10.
根据编码猪伪狂犬病病毒gE基因保守序列,设计合成一对引物,通过优化PCR反应条件,成功地从猪伪狂犬病病毒感染的细胞中扩增出预期的178bp片段,而猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、猪细小病毒、猪瘟病毒、猪流感病毒和猪伪狂犬病病毒gE基因缺失株均未扩增出相应的片段,经PCR扩增产物测序鉴定,证实了该扩增片段为预期目的片段;敏感性试验表明,该体系可检测到102TCID50的猪伪狂犬病病毒。本方法的建立能够区分基因缺失疫苗免疫猪和野毒感染猪,使猪伪狂犬病病毒的检测更为快速、准确。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

18.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

19.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

20.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

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