共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 550 毫秒
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邱菊 《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2021,(2)
当前,我国实施兽用抗菌药使用减量化行动意义重大。为此,本文介绍了我国兽用抗菌药使用的现状;简述了兽用抗菌药残留的危害;阐述了实施兽用抗菌药减量化行动的现实意义;提出了兽用抗菌药使用减量化的模式:饲料生产企业要重视技术革新、从源头做到抗生素“零添加”,兽药生产企业要不断开发高效且低残留的新型兽药,养殖端企业及农户要提高管理水平,基层兽医要提高处方技术能力和水平,畜牧兽医监管部门要着眼于推进动物疫病净化。 相似文献
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正2018年4月20日,农业农村部发布了《农业农村部办公厅关于开展兽用抗菌药使用减量化行动试点工作的通知》(农办医[2018]13号),决定开展兽用抗菌药使用减量化行动,并组织制定了《兽用抗菌药使用减量化行动试点工作方案(2018-2021年)》,确定了各地兽用抗菌药使用减量化行动试点养殖场数量以及养殖端减抗和限抗时间表。同时,农业农村部兽医局局长冯忠武也表示,药物饲料添加剂将在2020年全部退出。这无疑加速了饲料减 相似文献
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为深入了解兽用抗菌药使用减量化行动的实施现状,笔者对我国12省20余家兽用抗菌药物使用减量化行动试点达标养殖场开展了现场调研。结合调研数据,对达标养殖场兽用抗菌药使用减量化行动的实施效果、存在问题与积累经验进行了总结、分析与建议,旨在为兽用抗菌药物使用减量化行动的进一步推进提供参考 相似文献
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规模化蛋鸡场病原菌溯源与生物安全防控研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
细菌病严重威胁蛋鸡健康,以抗生素为主导的细菌病传统防控方式会导致病原菌耐药性严重、鸡蛋药物残留,影响蛋品安全。要保证蛋鸡产蛋期不用抗菌药物而又能生产出"无菌、无抗"的鸡蛋,是国内外技术难题。本团队以规模化蛋鸡场全封闭鸡舍为研究对象,基于PFGE、MLST、全基因组测序等技术,探明了蛋鸡病原菌的种类及基因组特征;对病原菌的耐药性研究表明,蛋鸡病原菌多重耐药严重,依靠药物防控的方式亟待转变;对规模化蛋鸡场细菌溯源研究结果表明,鸡舍生物媒介(鼠、苍蝇等)和非生物媒介(空气、饮水、饲料、鸡粪等)是蛋鸡病原菌的重要传染来源和传播途径;对规模化蛋鸡场生物安全量化评价结果表明,外部和内部生物安全权重高达92.2%。根据溯源和生物安全权重分析结果,提出了在规模化全封闭蛋鸡舍将蛋鸡细菌病从药物防控转变为生物安全防控的新策略;创新了规模化蛋鸡场细菌病防控的系统技术,实现蛋鸡规模养殖整个产蛋期不用抗生素,为生产"无菌、无抗"安全鸡蛋提供技术支撑。 相似文献
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Harisberger M Gobeli S Hoop R Dewulf J Perreten V Regula G 《Zoonoses and public health》2011,58(6):377-387
Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging concern to public health, and food-producing animals are known to be a potential source for transmission of resistant bacteria to humans. As legislation of the European Union requires to ban conventional cages for the housing of laying hens on the one hand, and a high food safety standard for eggs on the other hand, further investigations about the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in alternative housing types are required. In this study, we determined antimicrobial resistance in indicator bacteria from 396 cloacal swabs from 99 Swiss laying hen farms among four alternative housing types during a cross-sectional study. On each farm, four hens were sampled and exposure to potential risk factors was identified with a questionnaire. The minimal inhibitory concentration was determined using broth microdilution in Escherichia coli (n=371) for 18 antimicrobials and in Enterococcus faecalis (n=138) and Enterococcus faecium (n=153) for 16 antimicrobials. All antimicrobial classes recommended by the European Food Safety Authority for E. coli and enterococci were included in the resistance profile. Sixty per cent of the E. coli isolates were susceptible to all of the considered antimicrobials and 30% were resistant to at least two antimicrobials. In E. faecalis, 33% of the strains were susceptible to all tested antimicrobials and 40% were resistant to two or more antimicrobials, whereas in E. faecium these figures were 14% and 39% respectively. Risk factor analyses were carried out for bacteria species and antimicrobials with a prevalence of resistance between 15% and 85%. In these analyses, none of the considered housing and management factors showed a consistent association with the prevalence of resistance for more than two combinations of bacteria and antimicrobial. Therefore we conclude that the impact of the considered housing and management practices on the egg producing farms on resistance in laying hens is low. 相似文献
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为了解湖北省蛋鸡养殖情况,更好地响应和推广兽药减量化行动,对湖北省9个地市内的蛋鸡养殖场基本信息和用药情况进行调研。结果表明：近几年本省蛋鸡养殖场在饲养管理和药物使用方面有一定进步,同时也存在缺乏科学的疫病防治体系、药物使用存在风险隐患等不足,会导致产品质量安全问题。本文分析了产生原因,并提出相关建议,以促进湖北省蛋鸡养殖的科学健康发展,提升本省畜禽产品质量安全水平. 相似文献
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鸡白痢沙门氏菌耐药性的监测研究 总被引：42，自引：0，他引：42
采用WHO推荐的Kirby-Bauer法对我国部分地区1962－1999年间346株鸡白痢沙门氏菌进行了药物敏感性测定。结果表明，在近40年时间里，鸡白痢沙门氏菌对氨苄青霉素、壮观霉素、复方磺胺、磺胺异恶性唑、甲氧苄胺嘧啶、羧苄青霉素、四环素、链霉素、青霉素的耐药率显著增强（P＜0.01)。菌株的多重耐药率明显增加。60年代以二耐菌株为主（37.0%)，70年代以四耐、五耐菌株居多（60.5%)，80年代五耐、六耐、七耐菌株占大多数（80.2%)，90年代仅七耐以上菌株就达83.7%。不同年代菌株显示出不尽相同的耐药谱，且呈现出不断增宽的趋势。通过流行病学调查发现，60年代至90年代，鸡白痢沙门氏菌对青霉素、链霉素、磺胺类药物、四环素、卡那霉素、氯霉素、庆大霉素等药物的耐药性大多呈现出显著增强的变化趋势，这充分说明细菌耐药性的形成和发展与抗菌药物长期反复使用有着极为密切的关系。研究对于指导临诊合理用药及控制疾病流行具有重要的现实意义。 相似文献
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The use of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine is under great scrutiny with the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in the human population. Equine veterinarians rely on antimicrobials as an essential tool for the treatment of infections in horses, but there is much criticism of some use, particularly prophylaxis. While the appropriate use of antimicrobials can be justified in equine medicine, the misuse cannot. The definition of appropriate use is complex and involves the indication for therapy, antimicrobial selection, dosing regimen and timing and route of administration, duration of therapy and modification of therapy based on microbial susceptibility and clinical response. The aim of this article is to provide guidance on these factors to assist equine veterinarians in determining what constitutes appropriate antimicrobial use in horses. 相似文献
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