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饲料“禁抗”势在必行，行业如何应对？ 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
抗生素自问世以来,在防治动物疾病、促进畜禽健康生长,提高养殖效益方面发挥了重要作用。但随着抗生素的不规范使用甚至滥用,药物残留和动物源细菌耐药性等问题逐渐浮出水面,给动物源性食品安全和公共卫生安全带来风险隐患。对此,农业农村部发布公告,实施促生长类药物饲料添加剂退出行动(简称饲料"禁抗")。从长期发展来看,饲料"禁抗"对行业可持续发展有积极正向作用,但短期对饲料养殖行业会带来一定的冲击。饲料"禁抗"是提高动物源性食品安全和公共卫生安全水平,促进畜牧业持续健康发展的必然要求,无论是饲料企业,还是养殖场户,应以冷静积极的心态面对,积极找寻饲用抗生素减量替代方案,并加速推广应用,以助力养殖业绿色健康发展,满足人们对安全优质动物源性食品的需求。 相似文献
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饲料添加抗生素是养殖行业用来控制动物细菌病、促进畜禽生长的常用手段,随着人们公共安全意识的觉醒和提高,减抗、限抗和禁抗已是全世界养殖行业发展的大势所趋,替抗方案正受到越来越多的关注。副猪嗜血杆菌病是一种严重危害养猪业发展的细菌性疾病,且发病率和死亡率近年来逐年上升。随着我国饲料禁抗新政正式落地,副猪嗜血杆菌病势必会以更猛烈的攻势掀起更大的风波。文章主要针对限抗背景下副猪嗜血杆菌病的防治措施进行了总结和分析,旨在为人们合理使用抗生素、选择替抗方案提供参考。 相似文献
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2020年,中国养殖产业"无抗"时代来临,从业者将要面临更多挑战,由于传统养殖模式过度依赖抗生素,所以在禁抗、限抗的初期,整个行业的业态可能都会发生改变。如同2006年欧盟全面禁止促生长抗生素在饲料中添加使用后,禁抗给欧洲各国所带来的行业巨变一样,2020年的中国养殖业,也必将随着2020年7月1日起全面实施的"禁抗令",迎来养殖业的"巨变"。 相似文献
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正1"饲料禁抗"是大趋势,但不要妖魔化抗生素"饲料禁抗"是目前行业内非常热门的话题,可以说各方的争论已经到了非常激烈的程度,如何看待"饲料禁抗"?"饲料禁抗"是大趋势,当前急需改变的是在饲料中长期添加抗生素的用药习惯和方式,但请不要妖魔化抗生素:第一,抗生素在整个畜牧业发展过程中所做出的贡献有目共睹,而且目前抗生素的性价比也是最好的(成本低、使用效果明显),因此,当前想全面实 相似文献
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近日,农业农村部公布关于2018—2021年开展兽用抗菌药使用减量化行动的试点工作,并宣布2020年药物饲料添加剂将全面退出饲料添加剂的历史舞台。这意味着饲料业进入全面"禁抗"时代,与此同时,合生元以其广阔的发展空间与优良的生物学功能引起人们的广泛关注,更多的研究人员企图寻求研发其制剂以替代抗生素。文内通过介绍合生元的概念及其组成成分的作用机制,为饲料中添加微生态制剂应用奠定基础,对缓解滥用抗生素的危害及制备绿色无污染的饲料添加剂具有重要的理论和实践意义。 相似文献
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长期以来,兽药用长效抗菌药剂(抗生素)在有效防治各类传染性动物疫病、提高农民生产畜禽养殖生产经营的效益、保障各类城市公共产品安全卫生的质量以及安全标准化生产活动中一直发挥并起着的积极重要作用。然而抗生素滥用易导致多种细菌产生耐药性,同时会带来较强毒副作用,危害公共卫生安全。2021年全国开展兽用抗菌药减量化行动,各省落实“同一健康”理念,高度重视减量化行动。江西省牛羊产业体系疫病防控岗专家团队深入江西省30多个牛羊养殖大县(区),针对各养殖企业及养殖户设计发放相关调查问卷,为科学指导推动畜禽养殖场户规范使用、减量使用抗生素,提出推动牛羊养殖发展的措施与建议,供各位读者、养殖户进行参考。 相似文献
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乳腺炎是影响奶牛生产性能及健康最常见、最严重的疾病之一,可以导致奶牛淘汰、养殖场（户）经济损失。该病常用抗生素治疗,但易产生耐药性,畜产品存在抗生素残留,不利于奶牛养殖业绿色健康发展。益生菌具有增强奶牛免疫力、降低发病率和改善生产性能的优势,可替代抗生素,有良好的应用价值。本文对奶牛乳腺炎危害、益生菌有益作用和替代抗生素治疗的潜质进行综述,推动奶牛养殖业绿色、健康发展。 相似文献
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The harm for livestock and poultry production caused by Mycoplasma infection has got widespread attention of researchers in the world. The practical ways to control the disease in order to reduce economic loss through Mycoplasma infection is the extensive use of antibiotics. Many groups of antibiotics including tetracyclines, macrolides and quinolones have been shown to be effective to Mycoplasma. Clinical practice shows many Mycoplasma isolated from livestock and poultry are characterized not only by single drug resistance but also by multiple antibiotic resistance due to the legacy of past decades of antimicrobial misuse, which threat the livestock and poultry production health. This paper reviews the mechanism of anti-Mycoplasma medicines through the alterations in the targets, the formation of efflux pump system, and the generation of inactivated enzymes of antibiotics, which provide theoretical basis and strategies for establishing resistance testing system, rational drug use and development of new drugs. 相似文献
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畜禽支原体耐药性及耐药机制研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
支原体感染给畜禽养殖造成的危害已受到国内外科研人员的广泛重视。目前控制畜禽支原体感染、降低畜禽养殖经济损失的切实有效方法是大量使用抗生素,其中四环素、大环内酯类及喹诺酮类药物是现阶段临床兽医首选的3类抗菌药。但短短几十年的临床实践表明,滥用抗生素已经严重威胁畜禽健康,许多畜禽支原体临床分离株不仅仅对单一抗生素产生耐药性,而且同时对多种抗生素耐药。作者从药物靶位点改变、外排泵系统形成、抗菌药物灭活酶产生等方面对上述抗畜禽支原体药物的耐药机制进行阐述,以期为建立支原体耐药性检测体系、指导临床合理用药、开发新的药物等提供理论依据和策略。 相似文献
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抗生素的滥用导致全球细菌耐药性问题愈发严重，严重威胁人类、畜禽健康及畜牧业发展，功能多样且不易导致细菌产生耐药性突变的抗菌肽（antimicrobial peptides，AMPs）逐渐发展为抗生素的潜在替代品。β-折叠是抗菌肽一个主要的二级结构分类，该类肽通常由一个或多个二硫键来维系结构的稳定，现已发现许多抗菌肽具有此类结构。相比于目前研究广泛的α-螺旋AMP，它们被认为拥有更强的抗酶解能力和更高的细胞选择性。本篇综述介绍了β-折叠抗菌肽的来源和抗细菌机理，并梳理了一些常见的分子设计方法和应用策略，以期为β-折叠抗菌肽的研发应用提供新思路。 相似文献
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Hart WS Heuzenroeder MW Barton MD 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2004,51(5):216-221
The major influences on the amplification and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria are the therapeutic use of antibiotics in human medicine and their use in livestock for therapy, prophylaxis and growth promotion. The use of veterinary antibiotics has many benefits to the livestock industries ensuring animal health and welfare, but use at subtherapeutic levels also exerts great selective pressure on emergence of resistant bacteria. The possible effect on human health is a problem of current debate. This study involved sampling pig carcasses, pig meat and assessing the level of resistance in zoonotic enteric bacteria of concern to human health. In South Australian pigs, thermophilic Campylobacter species showed widespread resistance (60-100%) to tylosin, erythromycin, lincomycin, ampicillin and tetracycline. No resistance was seen to ciprofloxacin. The enterococci demonstrated little resistance (0-30%) to vancomycin or virginiamycin, but the overall results from the antibiotic sensitivity testing of the enterococci have demonstrated how widespread their resistance has become. Escherichia coli strains showed widespread resistance to tetracycline and moderately common resistance (30-60%) to ampicillin and sulphadiazine. Resistance to more than one antibiotic was common. Pigs from New South Wales were also sampled and differences in resistance patterns were noted, perhaps reflecting different antibiotic use regimens in that state. 相似文献
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The Health Council of the Netherlands has issued a report on the risk of development of resistance among bacteria as result of the use of antibiotics as growth promotors in livestock farming. The committee appointed by the Health Council conclude that the use of antimicrobial growth promotors contributes to the problem of resistance among human pathogens. The conclusions are based on evidence regarding the development of resistance in livestock as the result of the use of antimicrobial growth promotors, the possibility of colonisation/infection of humans with resistant bacteria from the intestinal flora of productive livestock, and the transfer of resistance genes from livestock bacteria to human pathogenic microorganisms. Effective measures for the limitation of the public health risk should focus on termination of the use of antimicrobial growth promotors that confer resistance to (related) antibiotics currently used (or which will be available) to treat patients suffering from bacterial infections. In addition, the committee advised ending the use of antimicrobial growth promotors in 3 years. 相似文献