共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 569 毫秒
1.
“高热病”病猪嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌的分离鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从"高热病"猪的鼻液、支气管和肺组织分泌物的11份病料中,按常规方法进行病原菌分离鉴定,经亚胺培南分离筛选到7株疑似细菌.通过生化试验、16 S rDNA基因序列分析等,鉴定出其中2株为嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(命名为PSM-1、PSM-2).与GenBank中临床和环境中分离的嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌分离株相比,两株菌的16 S rDNA基因扩增片段的核苷酸序列同源性均在99%以上.动物试验证实,2株细菌具有一定致病性;药敏试验表明,分离菌株对大多数抗生素具有较强耐药性且呈现多重耐药性. 相似文献
2.
为鉴定从临床病料中分离的两株细菌(XL株、XT株)的种属、致病性及耐药性等生物学特征,本研究对分离菌进行了纯化、革兰氏染色、迁徙生长试验、16S rDNA的序列比对、小鼠致病试验、药敏试验以及耐药基因Ⅰ类整合子的扩增。结果表明:两株细菌均为奇异变形杆菌;与NCBI登录的猪源奇异变形杆菌的16S rDNA的同源性高达99.9%~100%;两株细菌致病性均很强;两株细菌均存在多重耐药,仅有丁胺卡那对它们高敏;两株细菌均能扩增出Ⅰ类整合子。该研究结果为进一步研究变形杆菌的耐药性提供了科学依据。 相似文献
3.
本试验旨在鉴定一株从肉鸡体内分离的广谱耐药菌,并从分子生物学角度对该株细菌的耐药机理进行探讨。根据《常见细菌系统鉴定手册》标准对该菌进行培养特性、生化试验鉴定,设计1对16S rDNA通用引物扩增其16S rDNA并测序鉴定;根据该菌的药物敏感性试验结果设计了12对引物扩增其基因组上耐药基因。细菌培养特性和生化试验结果显示该菌为一株肠球菌,PCR扩增出大小为1465 bp的目的片段,药敏试验显示该株细菌耐受多种抗生素,PCR扩增其耐药基因发现存在ant(6)-iv、OXA-10、tetM、CTX-M-1、TEM基因。最终鉴定该株细菌为一株肠球菌,耐药基因的存在是其产生耐药性的原因之一。 相似文献
4.
猪粪便中致病性病原菌检测与耐药性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2018,(23)
为了检测猪粪便中的致病微生物并分析其耐药性,试验采用细菌分离培养、生化试验、16S rRNA PCR检测与测序、致病性试验等方法对从镇江地区不同养猪场采集的100份粪便样品进行病原菌鉴定,采用K-B药敏纸片法测定致病性病原菌的耐药性。结果表明:从100份粪便样品中分离得到大肠杆菌25株、沙门氏菌17株、金黄色葡萄球菌15株,其中致病性大肠杆菌20株,致病性沙门氏菌15株,致病性金黄色葡萄球菌10株;分离菌16S rRNA PCR扩增得到大小约为1 492 bp的目的条带;57株分离株的PCR产物测序结果与GenBank中参考株基因序列的同源性高于97.0%;致病性大肠杆菌对阿莫西林、环丙沙星、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶等12种药物的耐药率在65.0%～95.0%之间,致病性沙门氏菌对阿莫西林、氟苯尼考、庆大霉素等12种药物的耐药率在46.7%～100%之间,致病性金黄色葡萄球菌对阿莫西林、庆大霉素、氟苯尼考等9种药物的耐药率在50.0%～100%之间,且存在多重耐药性。 相似文献
5.
对从江苏省某鸽场病死鸽脏器中分离的细菌进行分离鉴定。通过细菌培养、革兰染色镜检及生化特性测定等对分离株进行初步鉴定;扩增分离株的16S rDNA片段并测序,Blast搜索比对确定细菌的种属;通过动物致病性试验和药敏试验来检测分离株的致病力及耐药性。结果:3株细菌的16S rDNA序列测定和Blast分析表明与奇异变形杆菌参考株的同源性达99.4%～99.8%,确定为奇异变形杆菌;致病性试验显示奇异变形杆菌对鸽子和小鼠均有致病力;药敏试验表明奇异变形杆菌对头孢菌素类抗生素和氟苯尼考敏感,对青霉素类和磺胺类抗生素等有耐药性。结果表明,从鸽子脏器中所分离的细菌为奇异变形杆菌,具有较强的致病力和多重耐药性。 相似文献
6.
7.
株鸡源奇异变形杆菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验 《畜牧与饲料科学》2022,43(5):106-111
[目的] 阐明青海省大通县某鸡场病鸡发病原因,为奇异变形杆菌病防控提供参考。[方法] 无菌采集病鸡肝脏、脾脏和泄殖腔拭子等样品,接种普通琼脂和SS琼脂平板进行细菌分离纯化培养,挑取平板上生长的疑似菌落进行革兰染色镜检,再将分离的菌落接种生化鉴定管进行生化鉴定,同时通过PCR扩增16S rDNA和tuf特异性基因并测序。将分离菌接种雏鸡进行致病性试验,采用K-B法评价分离菌对27种抗菌药物的敏感性。[结果] 分离菌为短杆、长杆状多形性杆菌,生化特性与奇异变形杆菌相符。PCR成功扩增出1 400 bp的16S rDNA,序列比对显示与奇异变形杆菌同源性最高,为99.9%。雏鸡致病性试验结果表明,该株奇异变形杆菌对雏鸡有致病性。药敏试验结果显示,该菌株对哌拉西林、头孢吡肟和头孢噻肟等高度敏感,对环丙沙星、奥格门汀中度敏感,对氨苄西林、阿莫西林和头孢唑啉有耐药性,提示该菌对头孢类药物高度敏感。[结论] 分离到的一株奇异变形杆菌对鸡具有较强的致病性,且对多种药物表现出耐药性。 相似文献
8.
《中国兽医学报》2019,(8)
为确定某养殖场患病死亡狐狸的病原菌,本试验对病死狐狸进行剖检和细菌分离培养、生化鉴定以及16S rDNA鉴定、动物致病性试验和药敏试验。结果显示,分离菌株为革兰阳性球菌,经过生化鉴定和16S rDNA序列分析,确定分离菌株为小肠肠球菌,并命名为E.hirae QHD-1;动物回归试验结果显示,分离菌株E.hirae QHD-1对小鼠具有较强的致病性,LD_(50)为1.26×10~4 CFU;药敏试验结果显示,分离菌株E.hirae QHD-1对氨苄西林和恩诺沙星等药物敏感,对替米考星、阿米卡星等耐药;毒力因子检测结果显示,该分离株具有较强的致病力。毛皮动物小肠肠球菌的感染病例尚未见有报道,本试验丰富了狐狸病原菌相关的研究,并为防控该菌引起的疾病提供了重要参考资料。 相似文献
9.
为了对临床上分离的病原菌进行鉴定及耐药特性分析,对分离的细菌进行了血浆凝固酶试验、生化试验、16S rDNA PCR鉴定和药敏试验。结果表明:细菌分离培养共分离到4株葡萄球菌,4株葡萄球菌凝固酶试验均为阴性;能利用甘露糖、甘露醇、乳糖、蕈糖,均不能利用麦芽糖,V-P试验均为阴性;16S rDNA序列与已上传的猫葡萄球菌同源性达99%,确定4株分离菌都为猫葡萄球菌;分离菌对复方新诺明有较强的耐药性,对庆大霉素、头孢曲松、诺氟沙星都比较敏感。说明分离的猫葡萄球菌的总体耐药率较低,临床用药时应加以注意,避免严重耐药性的产生。 相似文献
10.
【目的】了解西藏拉萨地区牦牛源产色葡萄球菌的致病性及耐药性情况,以期为牦牛感染产色葡萄球菌的防治提供一定参考。【方法】采用细菌分离培养、生化试验鉴定、16S rDNA测序、相似性比对分析的方法对从西藏拉萨地区采集到的65份牦牛样品中的产色葡萄球菌进行鉴定,并研究其耐药性与致病性。【结果】在65份样品中共获得9株分离菌,分别命名为XZ1～XZ9,分离率为13.85%;分离菌均在5%绵羊血平板上呈淡黄色的小菌落,革兰氏染色为阳性球菌;生化试验鉴定显示,分离菌株对甘露糖、果糖、蔗糖、硝酸盐还原反应为阳性,符合产色葡萄球菌特性;经16S rDNA测序、相似性比对分析发现,9株分离菌均与产色葡萄球菌相似性最高,达96%以上;药敏试验结果显示,9株分离菌最多对3种抗菌药耐药,最少对1种抗菌药耐药;用分离菌株对SPF小鼠进行攻毒试验发现,分离菌对小鼠的致病性较强,导致小鼠肺脏及肾脏淤血、肿大,肠道发生病变,出现黄色稀便。【结论】本研究结果表明,牦牛源产色葡萄球菌在拉萨地区的牦牛中存在一定的致病性,且耐药性较强,应当引起一定的重视。 相似文献
11.
广东屠猪肉样品中大肠杆菌耐药性与毒力特征的分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为分析广东地区屠猪肉中大肠杆菌(E.coli)药物敏感菌株的血清型、毒力基因和系统进化背景,本研究从屠猪肉样品中分离出112株E.coli,采用玻片凝集法鉴定血清型,琼脂稀释法测定10种抗菌药的敏感性,PCR方法检测7种毒力相关基因,多重PCR方法进行系统进化背景判定。结果显示,112株E.coli中,定型菌株95株,分别属于15种血清型,其中O65、O131、O8和O158为优势血清型。几乎所有菌株对氟苯尼考、多西环素和四环素高度耐药,而对头孢曲松高度敏感,其中多重耐药菌株多数耐5种以上药物,常见的多重耐药表型是氟苯尼考/氯霉素/多西环素/四环素/氨苄西林。PCR鉴定结果表明,含有毒力基因的菌株中38%至少具有两个毒力基因,其中EAST1+Stx2e和hlyF+Stx2e比较常见。比较常见的毒力基因为Stx2e和EAST1,STb基因仅在一株菌中检测到。多重PCR鉴定结果显示,屠猪肉样品中E.coli主要分布为共生型的A组和B1组。本研究为大肠杆菌病的控制和合理使用抗生素提供实验依据。 相似文献
12.
A longitudinal study was conducted of the prevalence and characteristics of Escherichia coli in mammals, birds, and reptiles housed at the Emperor Valley Zoo, Trinidad. During a 6-mo study period, swabs were obtained from fecal samples that were randomly collected from the enclosures of animals from these three taxonomic groups every 3 wk. With snakes, both cloacal and fecal swabs were obtained. Fecal and cloacal swabs were cultured for E. coli on eosin methylene blue agar. The production of mucoid colonies and hemolytic colonies and non-sorbitol fermenter status were identified. The occurrence of O157 strains was determined amongst E. coli isolates that were non-sorbitol fermenters, and the disc diffusion method was used to determine the antibiograms of isolates. The frequency of E. coli isolation was significantly higher in mammals compared with birds and reptiles. Overall, the frequencies of isolation of E. coli from omnivores. herbivores, and carnivores, 87.2%, 70.0%, and 57.3%, respectively, regardless of animal class, were significantly different. Most (99.6%) of the E. coli isolates tested for antibiotic sensitivity exhibited resistance to one or more of the eight antimicrobial agents used. The possession of phenotypic virulence markers by the E. coli isolates studied and the generally high resistance to antimicrobial agents may have health implications for the zoological collection. 相似文献
13.
Harada K Asai T Kojima A Oda C Ishihara K Takahashi T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(10):999-1003
We examined the 12 antimicrobial susceptibilities of 175 E. coli isolates from sick cattle and pigs by an agar dilution method. Resistance was found in 78.3% of isolates for oxytetracycline, 70.3% of isolates for dihydrostreptomycin, and 49.1% of isolates for ampicillin. When compared with healthy animals reported by Kijima-Tanaka et al., resistance rates for 11 antimicrobial agents were higher in sick cattle than in healthy cattle, and resistance rates for all antimicrobial agents were higher in sick pigs than in healthy pigs. Comparing cattle and pigs, resistance rates to colistin was higher in porcine isolates than in bovine isolates, but was lower in porcine isolates than in bovine isolates for cefazolin. With regard to the association of virulence factors, higher resistance rates to colistin and enrofloxacin were observed in STEC (61 strains) than in non-STEC (57 strains) among porcine isolates, while there were no significant differences in bovine isolates. In conclusion, these results can be considered helpful for adequate selection and prudent use of antimicrobial agents for several types of colibacillosis. 相似文献
14.
AIM: To determine the resistance to antibiotics among the indictor bacteria, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp, isolated from the faeces of healthy pigs on three conventional pig farms and one organic farm in the North Island of New Zealand. METHODS: Faecal samples, collected at intervals between March and October 2001, were plated onto MacConkey agar and Slanetz-Bartley agar and examined after 1-3 days incubation for colonies resembling E. coli and Enterococcus spp, respectively. Typical colonies were subcultured for further identification and storage. The isolates were tested for antibiotic resistance, using disc diffusion, to ampicillin, gentamicin, streptomycin, and tetracycline. Escherichia coli isolates were also tested for resistance to ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole and neomycin. Enterococcus spp isolates were also tested for resistance to vancomycin, erythromycin and virginiamycin. RESULTS: A total of 296 E. coli and 273 Enterococcus spp isolates were obtained from the three conventional farms, and 79 E. coli and 80 Enterococcus spp isolates were obtained from the organic farm. All the E. coli isolates from both the conventional and organic pig farms were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, and all the Enterococcus spp isolates were susceptible to ampicillin, gentamicin and vancomycin. Isolates of E. coli from conventional pig farms were resistant to gentamicin (0.7%), neomycin (0.7%), ampicillin (2.7%), cotrimoxazole (11%), streptomycin (25%) and tetracycline (60%). Enterococcus spp isolates from the same farms were resistant to erythromycin (68%), tetracycline (66%), streptomycin (54%) and virginiamycin (49%). By contrast, for the organic pig farm 相似文献
15.
通过对2007～2009年内从广东省10多个地市分离得到的378株禽源大肠杆菌进行15种兽医临床常用抗生素的药物敏感性试验(MIC),调查该区域禽类大肠杆菌的耐药性演变情况.采用琼脂稀释法对临床分离株开展MIC测试.结果显示临床分离株对多数兽医临床常用抗生素耐药率在30 ％以上,且有逐年上升的趋势,多数药物的半数抑菌浓度( MIC50)和有效抑菌浓度( MIC90)水平高且保持逐年升高的趋势;细菌的多重耐药情况严重,多集中在5～12耐,提示细菌的耐药能力逐渐提高.表明,广东地区禽源大肠杆菌的耐药水平已经达到了较为严重的程度,应加强食用动物源细菌耐药性的监测. 相似文献
16.
LIU Zheng-ming LI Jin-quan HUANG De-hao HAO Xin-wei HAO Pu-guo WU Li-qin WU Ye-ting YANG Qi-miao ZHAO Hong-xia 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(3):839-846
In order to determine the drug resistance phenotype and prevalence of drug resistance genes in Escherichia coli (E.coli) isolated from sheep in Inner Mongolia, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the isolates to antibiotics commonly used in veterinary clinical were detected by micro-dilution method in vitro. The results showed that the highest resistance rates of the isolates to amoxicillin,cephalothin,sulfamethoxazole and polymyxin were up to 100.0%,respectively.To amoxicillin-clavulanic, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin were 50% to 80%. These isolates were sensitive to cefotaxime, meropenem trihydrate, neomycin, and their resistance rates were all less than 10%. Among the 108 strains of E.coli from sheep, 94.4% of them were resistant to more than 7 antimicrobial agents,15.6% of them were resistant to 13 antimicrobial agents, only one strain was sensitive to all antimicrobial agents. Six kinds of resistance genes among the 108 E.coli isolates were detected by PCR method.The results showed that detection rates of 4 kinds of drug resistance genes including blaTEM, proP-2, sul-Ⅰ and ampG were all over 50%,the detection rate of resistance gene aph (3')-Ⅰ was up to 40%, only resistance gene aac(3)-Ⅱ detection rate was 5.5%. Thus, the sheep E.coli isolates in Inner Mongolia produced various degrees of resistance to 13 kinds of antibiotics, and their multi-drug resistances were very serious. They carried aph(3')-Ⅰ, sul-Ⅰ, ampG, blaTEM, proP-2 and aac(3)-Ⅱ resistance genes. 相似文献
17.
为确定内蒙古地区羊源大肠杆菌的耐药表型及其耐药基因的流行情况,本研究采用微量稀释法测定了内蒙古地区108株羊源大肠杆菌对13种临床常用抗菌药物的最小抑菌浓度。结果显示,分离菌株对阿莫西林、头孢噻吩、磺胺甲唑、黏菌素的耐药率最高,均达100.0%,对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、四环素、环丙沙星的耐药率在50%~80%之间,对头孢噻肟、美洛培南、新霉素的耐药率均低于10%,较为敏感。108株羊源大肠杆菌中耐7种以上药物的菌株占94.4%,其中15.6%菌株对13种抗菌药物耐药,只有1株菌对所有抗菌药物敏感。采用PCR方法对羊源大肠杆菌分离株所携带的6种相关耐药基因进行检测,结果显示,6种耐药基因中的4种耐药基因blaTEM、proP-2、sul-Ⅰ、ampG检出率超过50%,耐药基因aph（3'）-Ⅰ携带率达40%,只有耐药基因aac（3）-Ⅱ检出率仅为5.5%。由此可见,内蒙古地区羊源大肠杆菌对13种抗菌药物产生了不同程度的耐药性,且存在严重的多重耐药情况,羊源大肠杆菌分离株携带aph（3'）-Ⅰ、sul-Ⅰ、ampG、blaTEM、proP-2、aac（3）-Ⅱ耐药基因。 相似文献
18.
Szmolka A Anjum MF La Ragione RM Kaszanyitzky EJ Nagy B 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,156(1-2):110-118
Recent data from the European and Hungarian Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Systems have indicated that the routine use of gentamicin in human and veterinary medicine frequently leads to the selection of gentamicin resistance in Escherichia coli. The aim of this study was to provide molecular characterization of gentamicin resistance in clinical and commensal E. coli strains representing humans and food producing animals by genotyping for antimicrobial resistance and virulence using a miniaturized microarray. All 50 strains tested proved to be multidrug resistant defined as resistance to three or more antimicrobial classes. Antimicrobial resistances genes such as aadA1-like, strB, bla(TEM), sul1 and tet(A) or tet(B), and corresponding phenotypes (streptomycin-, ampicillin-, sulfamethoxazole- and tetracycline resistance) were detected in >50% of isolates regardless of the host or clinical background. However, certain genes encoding gentamicin resistance such as aac(6')-Ib and ant(2″)-Ia as well as catB3-like genes for phenicol resistance were only detected in human isolates. Among virulence genes, the increased serum survival gene iss was predominant in all host groups. Although the majority of gentamicin resistant E. coli strains were characterized by diverse antimicrobial resistance, and virulence gene patterns, accentuated links between catB3-like, aac(6')-Ib, bla(CTX-M-1) and sat genes could be detected in human strains. Further resistance/virulence gene associations (tet(A) with iroN and iss) were detected in poultry strains. In conclusion, the simultaneous characterization of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genotypes of representative clinical and commensal strains of E. coli should be useful for the identification of emerging genotypes with human and or animal health implications. 相似文献
19.
Thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. are frequent causes of diarrhoea in humans worldwide mostly originating from poultry. It has been suggested that extensive veterinary use of antibiotics is largely responsible for resistance in human isolates. During a 4-month period from January to April 2004, 192 Campylobacter spp. were isolated from fecal samples of 485 healthy food animals. The in vitro susceptibility to 12 antibiotics was determined by the agar disk diffusion method. Among the 192 Campylobacter spp. isolated, 135 (70.3%) were identified to be C. jejuni, 51 (26.6%) were C. coli and 6 (3.1%) were C. lari. C. jejuni was the most prevalent species in chickens (80.8%) versus 16.2% C. coli and 3.0% C. lari. All isolates found in pigs were C. coli. All strains were sensitive to chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin and all were resistant to cephalothin. More than 90% of the strains were sensitive to clindamycin, erythromycin, gentamicin, nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, streptomycin and tetracycline. Resistance was found against ampicillin in 20% and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole in 37.5%. Resistance was not statistically different among C. jejuni, C. coli and C. lari (p>0.05). Multidrug resistance to two or more drugs was detected in 14.5% of strains. In conclusion, the study showed that antimicrobial resistance is found only at relatively low frequencies for most antimicrobial agents tested except for ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. The low percentages of resistance to most antimicrobial agents tested in this study may be the result of low/no usage of these agents as a growth promoters or treatment in the Ethiopian animal farm setting. The detection of multidrug resistant isolates may pose a threat to humans and further limits therapeutic options. 相似文献
20.
Prapasarakul N Ochi K Adachi Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(12):1275-1280
The in vitro susceptibilities of six commonly used antimicrobial agents against 29 isolates of intestinal spirochetes isolated from dogs in Japan were examined by the agar dilution technique. In addition, the genetic basis of tylosin resistance in in vitro selected resistant mutants of two reference strains and three tylosin-susceptible field isolates obtained by three successive subcultures on blood agar containing 1 microg/ml of tylosin was investigated. Carbadox was the most active (MIC: < 0.00625) of all the antimicrobial agents. Although all the isolates were susceptible to tylosin, some were resistant to erythromycin. Tiamulin, lincomycin and dimetridazole were also very active against the isolates. All the resistant isolates did not harbor any plasmids. In vitro selected tylosin-resistant mutants of previously tylosin-susceptible isolates showed a new mutation in which their adenine at the base position equivalent to 2062 of 23S rDNA of Escherichia coli has been replaced by cytosine. These findings may both provide guidance towards the proper choice of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of canine intestinal spirochetosis, and add to the understanding of the genetic basis of tylosin resistance. 相似文献