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1.
《中国兽医学报》2020,(1):97-101
山羊海藻糖比伯斯坦杆菌(Bibersteinia trehalosi)是造成山羊肺炎重要病原菌之一,其转铁结合蛋白B(transferrin binding protein B,TbpB)结构与功能的研究对于阐明其致病机理有重要作用。本研究在前期分离鉴定菌株基础上,通过生物信息学分析结果显示,海藻糖比伯斯坦杆菌TbpB包含氨基小叶(N-lobe)和羧基小叶(C-lobe)。分别对该菌TbpB~( 20-581 )(In-tact)、N-lobe、C-lobe进行克隆、表达与纯化,对纯化的蛋白与山羊转铁蛋白、绵羊转铁蛋白、猪转铁蛋白、牛转铁蛋白、鸡转铁蛋白进行特异性点阵杂交反应,发现山羊海藻糖比伯斯坦杆菌TbpB In-tact以及N-lobe与山羊转铁蛋白、绵羊转铁蛋白有特异结合反应,而与猪转铁蛋白、鸡转铁蛋白没有反应,山羊海藻糖比伯斯坦杆菌TbpB C-lobe与山羊转铁蛋白、绵羊转铁蛋白、猪转铁蛋白、牛转铁蛋白、鸡转铁蛋白均无反应。结果表明山羊海藻糖比伯斯坦杆菌TbpB与山羊转铁蛋白结合发生在N-lobe。  相似文献   

2.
海藻糖比伯斯坦菌(Bibersteinia trehalosi)为人兽共患菌,但在我国的研究报道转少。本研究从病死羔羊肺脏组织中分离到一株革兰阴性短杆菌,对其进行了细菌分离、生化试验、16S rDNA和ropB基因的PCR扩增、小鼠致病性试验、药敏试验及四环素抗生素类与产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)等6种耐药基因的PCR检测。结果显示,该菌16S rDNA扩增序列与GenBank中B.trehalosi同源性达99%;其特异性rpoB基因PCR扩增条带与预期一致;对小鼠致病性强;对头孢哌酮、头孢呋辛、复方新诺明、氯霉素等多种抗生素均敏感,对青霉素、丁胺卡那、头孢拉啶耐药,仅扩增出约1 900 bp的BCT耐药基因片段,与公布的BCT基因序列同源性达99%,耐药表型与耐药基因检测结果一致,证明该分离菌株为B.trehalosi。本研究为该菌的有效防控与致病机理的研究奠定了基础,也为养殖临床用药提供参考。  相似文献   

3.
为确定引起肺炎病死黄牛的病原，从牛鼻拭子中分离纯化得到1株细菌，经生化试验和分子生物学方法鉴定为多源曼氏杆菌。利用生物信息学软件MEGA7.0对巴氏杆菌科细菌的16S rDNA和巴氏杆菌科、奈瑟菌科细菌的转铁结合蛋白B(TbpB)进行系统进化分析，并对TbpB进行了结构预测。结果显示，分离株16S rDNA基因序列与牛曼氏杆菌ZY190616株、肉芽肿曼氏杆菌ATCC49244株、多源曼氏杆菌10299株相似性最高，位于同一簇内，相似性超过97%;分离株TbpB序列与溶血曼氏杆菌、多源曼氏杆菌相似性较高，位于同一簇内，但与其他菌的TbpB序列相似性较低；TbpB结构模拟显示其序列与已经测定结构的溶血曼氏杆菌TbpB序列相似性较高。药敏试验显示该菌氨基糖苷类、β-内酰胺类抗生素有较强的耐药性，对头孢哌酮和氟喹诺酮类药物敏感小鼠致病性试验证实该分离菌株致死量约为2×109CFU。结果表明，该分离株为多源曼氏杆菌，其TbpB序列与溶血曼氏杆菌和多源曼氏杆菌相似性较高。本研究为后续毒力基因相关研究和疫苗开发提供了理论基础。  相似文献   

4.
新疆南疆某规模奶牛场犊牛发生呼吸道疾病,本研究无菌采集发病犊牛的血液、心脏、肝脏及肺脏等组织进行细菌分离培养、染色镜检、生化试验、PCR鉴定,药敏试验及致病性试验,并将分离株16S r RNA序列在NCBI的BLAST中进行了比对和核苷酸同源性比较分析。鉴定结果表明,该分离株为海藻糖比伯斯坦杆菌。  相似文献   

5.
一只牦牛屠宰后肝有干酪样结节,为了探究其形成原因,本研究对该牦牛肝进行细菌的分离培养,对所分离可疑致病菌的16SrRNA以及rpoB基因序列进行扩增和序列分析,并用Vitek 2全自动微生物鉴定仪进行生化表型的鉴定,用K-B法进行药敏试验。结果显示,经细菌分离培养得到一株革兰阳性、棒状、可疑致病菌;其16S rRNA扩增片段大小1 483bp,GenBank序列编号为MH000696,该菌的16SrRNA与干燥棒状杆菌GD34株(KF928790.1)等的相似性最高,序列一致性为99%,系统进化树显示,本菌与干燥棒状杆菌在同一进化分支上;rpoB基因扩增片段大小434bp,GenBank序列编号为MH006608;Vitek 2全自动微生物鉴定仪鉴定为变异库克菌,可信度为93%。该菌对妥布霉素、氨曲南、头孢哌酮、米诺环素等多种药物高度敏感。综上所述,分离的细菌为干燥棒状杆菌,但基因序列,如rpoB等以及生化表型均存在一定程度的变异,本研究为兽医临床上该菌的分离和鉴定提供了依据,且为该菌的致病性研究奠定了基础。  相似文献   

6.
为建立鸭源鸡杆菌(G.anatis)双重PCR检测方法,并对鸡杆菌分离株进行种类鉴定,本研究根据GenBank中G.anatis12656-12株的gtxA基因序列设计一对PCR引物,合成扩增rpoB基因的引物作为内参基因,建立了G.anatis双重PCR检测方法.检测结果显示:以G.anatis Yu-PDS-RZ-1-SLG株DNA为模板进行的双重PCR检测能够扩增出两条目的片段;其它16株细菌包括副鸡禽杆菌、多杀性巴氏杆菌、大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、福氏志贺菌和奇异变形杆菌均只扩增出了一条目的片段;该方法可以检测到浓度为6.5×102 cfu/mL的G.anatis;34株鸡杆菌分离株均扩增出了两条预期大小的目的片段.此外,序列分析结果表明,10株鸡杆菌河南分离株的rpoB基因序列与鸭源鸡杆菌种参考株(CCUG15563)的同源性最高(97.5％～99.0％),属于鸭源鸡杆菌种.本研究建立的G.anatis双重PCR检测方法,可用于含gtxA基因鸡杆菌菌株的鉴定及临床病原学诊断.  相似文献   

7.
为了确定河北省昌黎县某肉牛场肉牛发病原因,本研究从呼吸道症状明显的病牛鼻粘液中分离纯化到1株优势菌,采用细菌培养、革兰氏染色、细菌生化鉴定、rpoB基因检测、16S rRNA序列分析方法鉴定,经K-B试纸法检测该分离菌对泰乐菌素、头孢拉定等18种抗生素的药物敏感性。结果显示,分离菌革兰氏染色呈阳性短杆状球菌,在血琼脂培养基上可生长为干燥且粗糙的淡黄色菌落,在LB液体培养基中呈沉淀生长,菌液上层轻微浑浊,下层有颗粒状、片状沉淀;rpoB基因PCR扩增检测结果为阳性;该分离菌具有脂酶、赖氨酸脱羧酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、α-葡萄糖苷酶活性,能够发酵海藻糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖,结果符合干燥棒状杆菌生化特性;16S rRNA序列比对分析表明,该分离菌与干燥棒状杆菌同源性为99%,一致性为91.6%;对泰乐菌素、头孢拉定等7种药物耐药,对环丙沙星、恩诺沙星等9种药物敏感。试验结果表明该分离菌为干燥棒状杆菌。  相似文献   

8.
分析河南、陕西分离的14株鸡杆菌(Gallibacterium)之间的进化关系,及gyrB基因序列比较在该菌进化分析中的作用。PCR扩增鸡杆菌分离株的gyrB、16SrRNA和rpoB3个看家基因,PCR产物纯化后直接测序。将鸡杆菌分离株、国外参考株的3个看家基因序列进行比较分析,用Phylip 3.67软件构建进化树。结果表明,14株鸡杆菌与鸭源鸡杆菌(Gallibacterium anatis)模式株间的相似性为96.3%～98.0%(gyrB)、97.7%～99.6%(16SrRNA)和97.7%～99.0%(rpoB);14株鸡杆菌与鸡杆菌复合群1(Gallibacterium genomosp.1)参考株间的相似性为88.8%～89.9%(gyrB)、96.2%～97.5%(16SrRNA)和92.6%～93.6%(rpoB)。基于3个看家基因序列的进化分析,均显示14株鸡杆菌和鸭源鸡杆菌模式株形成单独的一个群。14株鸡杆菌分离株均属于鸭源鸡杆菌种;在3个看家基因位点,鸡杆菌河南株与陕西株之间、鸡杆菌输卵管炎病鸡分离株与健康鸡分离株之间均无明显遗传上的差异;gyrB基因序列分析可用于鸡杆菌分离株的种类鉴定,且对14株鸡杆菌与复合群1参考株的区别能力优于另外2个看家基因。  相似文献   

9.
为确定青海省刚察县某牧场发生牦牛脾脓肿的病原菌,以便于及时防治,本研究于患病解剖牛的脾脓肿部位进行无菌采样,并进行染色形态观察、16S rRNA基因和lktA基因扩增与序列分析等。结果显示:脾脏脓汁涂片瑞氏染色后在显微镜下呈现紫色、丝状、长短不一的杆菌。基于细菌16S rRNA基因通用引物和lktA基因特异性引物扩增,均得到预期的基因目的片段。经测序后分析,两基因分别与坏死杆菌两种基因参考序列具有较高的同源性,都高达99%以上,此病原在分子生物学上鉴定为坏死杆菌,命名为Fusobacterium necrophorum QHGC;基于16S rRNA基因和lktA基因构建的进化树显示:本研究鉴定的克隆序列(16S rRNA和lktA基因)均与其他F.necrophorum分离株聚在一个分支上,在进化角度鉴定了此菌确实为坏死杆菌。本研究表明引起牦牛脾脓肿的病原菌是坏死杆菌,这为本地区牦牛脾脓肿的病原学研究和流行病学调查提供了初步数据,为牦牛脾脓肿的防治提供了参考依据。  相似文献   

10.
为了解乌鸡中鸡杆菌的流行情况及其分离株的遗传进化特点,从河南信阳和南阳的两个乌鸡场采集棉拭子样品,进行鸡杆菌的分离和荧光定量PCR检测,对分离的菌株进行PCR鉴定、药敏试验和16SrRNA、rpoB及gyrB基因的PCR扩增,随后进行三个管家基因的序列测定分析,利用DNAStar中MegAlign程序计算分离株之间的相似性,利用MEGA5.0构建进化树进行遗传进化分析。结果显示:22只乌鸡中16只为鸭源鸡杆菌阳性,阳性率为72.7%;分离的4株鸡杆菌经鉴定均为鸭源鸡杆菌;4株鸭源鸡杆菌均为多重耐药菌株,只对头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、阿米卡星和妥布霉素等药物具有一定的敏感性;分离株与鸭源鸡杆菌的参考菌株相似性分别为99.1%～99.8%(16SrRNA)、85.4%～99.6%(rpoB)、92.7%～99.8%(gyrB);在16SrRNA基因进化树中分离的4株鸭源鸡杆菌与参考鸭源鸡杆菌位于同一分支,在rpoB基因进化树中GAC193分离株与多杀性巴氏杆菌位于同一分支中,与其他鸭源鸡杆菌不在同一分支中,gyrB基因进化树中,GAC017与鸡杆菌基因种1在一个小的分支。结果表明:乌鸡中有鸭源鸡杆菌存在,并具有较高的检出率;从乌鸡中分离到4株鸭源鸡杆菌,这些菌株多重耐药现象严重;分离的部分鸭源鸡杆菌在rpoB和gyrB基因位点具有明显的遗传进化差异。  相似文献   

11.
The study evaluated dietary supplementation with live yeast (LY) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (CNCM I‐4407, 1010 CFU/g, Actisaf; Phileo Lesaffre Animal Care, France) on rumen fermentation and serum metabolic profile in lactating dairy cows. Fifty Holstein cows received a total mixed ration with (Live Yeast Diet, LYD, n = 25) or without (Control Diet, CD, n = 25) 5 × 1010 CFU/cow/day of LY from 3 to 19 weeks of lactation. Rumen fermentation and serum metabolic profile were measured in eight cows per treatment at 3, 7, 11, 15, 19 weeks post‐partum. LYD showed an increased daily milk yield (+4%) over CD (p < 0.05). Mean rumen pH at 4 hr after morning meal was higher in LYD (6.59) than CD (6.32) (p < 0.01). Total volatile fatty acids (VFA) and acetate molar proportion were higher in LYD (114.24 mM; 25.04%) than CD (106.47 mM; 24.73%) (p < 0.05). Propionate and butyrate molar proportions, acetate to propionate ratio, ammonia levels did not differ between LYD and CD. Ruminal lactate was lower in LYD than CD (9.3 vs. 16.4 mM) (p < 0.001), with a 53% decrease in LYD. During peak lactation, LYD had lower serum NEFA (p < 0.05, 0.40 vs. 0.48 mM) and BHBA (p < 0.01, 0.47 vs. 0.58 mM) than CD, lower liver enzyme activities (AST 1.39 vs. 1.54 ukat/L) (p < 0.05). Serum glucose was higher in LYD at peak lactation (3.22 vs. 3.12 mM, and 3.32 vs. 3.16 mM respectively) (p < 0.05). The results confirmed a reducing effect of LY on lactate accumulation in rumen fluid, associated with an increase in rumen pH. Lower serum levels of lipomobilization markers, liver enzyme activities and higher glucose levels may suggest that live yeast slightly mitigated negative energy balance and had a certain liver protective effect.  相似文献   

12.
A total of 4007 lactation records from 1520 Saanen goats kidding from 1999 to 2006 and obtained from 10 herds in Guanajuato, Mexico, were analyzed to estimate the heritabilities, repeatabilities, as well as genetic, environmental and phenotypic correlations for milk yield (MILK), fat yield (FAT), protein yield (PROT), fat content (%FAT), protein content (%PROT) and age at fist kidding (AFK). A five-trait repeatability model was used to estimate (co)variances for milk traits, and a four-trait animal model for first lactation records was used to estimate (co)variances involving AFK. For MILK, FAT, PROT, %FAT, %PROT and AFK, heritability estimates were 0.17 ± 0.04, 0.19 ± 0.05, 0.17 ± 0.04, 0.32 ± 0.06, 0.38 ± 0.07 and 0.31 ± 0.09, respectively. Repeatabilities for MILK, FAT, PROT, %FAT and %PROT were 0.43 ± 0.02, 0.42 ± 0.02, 0.42 ±0.02, 0.64 ± 0.02, and 0.63 ± 0.02, respectively. The genetic correlations between MILK and FAT, and between MILK and PROT, were high and positive (0.72 ± 0.08 and 0.87 ± 0.04, respectively). Genetic correlations between MILK and %FAT, between MILK and %PROT and between MILK and AFK, were − 0.24 ± 0.16, − 0.30 ± 0.15 and − 0.18 ± 0.23, respectively. Genetic correlations between AFK and FAT and between AFK and PROT were − 0.09 ± 0.24 and − 0.17 ± 0.25, respectively; and genetic correlations between AFK and %FAT and between AFK and %PROT were 0.29 ± 0.35 and 0.14 ± 0.27, respectively. Selection for milk traits is possible using a repeatability animal model. Selection for milk production traits would probably not increase AFK, but more precise estimates of the genetic correlations are required. Selection to lower AFK is possible. These (co)variance estimates would make it possible to predict the selection responses from different economic indices in order to maximize the economic responses for the local markets.  相似文献   

13.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether circulating ghrelin and growth hormone (GH) concentrations in cattle are regulated by endothelin-1 (ET-1), endothelin-3 (ET-3), and secretin. Six Holstein steers (242 ± 1 d old, 280.5 ± 4.4 kg body weight [BW]; mean ± SEM) were allocated randomly in an incomplete Latin square design to receive each of 4 treatment compounds (vehicle, ET-1, ET-3, and secretin) with 1-d intervals between successive treatments. The treatment compounds were injected intravenously via a catheter inserted into the external jugular vein of each steer. Blood was sampled from the indwelling catheter at -30, -15, 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 min. Plasma ghrelin and GH responses to the treatment compounds were measured by a double-antibody radioimmunoassay system. Data were analyzed by using a MIXED procedure of SAS, version 9.1. Plasma acyl ghrelin, total ghrelin, and GH concentrations were increased by both ET-1 and ET-3 injection (ET-1 injection: 311 ± 15 pg/mL vs 245 ± 15 pg/mL, 2.4 ± 0.2 ng/mL vs 1.61 ± 0.05 ng/mL, 4.73 ± 0.92 ng/mL vs 1.17 ± 0.09 ng/mL for acyl ghrelin, total ghrelin, and GH, respectively; ET-3 injection: 337 ± 27 pg/mL vs 245 ± 15 pg/mL, 2.6 ± 0.1 ng/mL vs 1.61 ± 0.05 ng/mL, 5.56 ± 0.97 ng/mL vs 1.17 ± 0.09 ng/mL for acyl ghrelin, total ghrelin, and GH, respectively; P < 0.01). Ghrelin and GH concentrations were not changed by secretin injection throughout the experimental periods. These results indicate that ET-1 and ET-3 stimulate ghrelin and GH secretion in cattle and demonstrate for the first time that endogenous ghrelin released in response to endothelin injection stimulates GH secretion in vivo in cattle.  相似文献   

14.
To test the hypotheses that glucose transport capacity across the brush border membrane (BBM) of the large colon is lower than that of the small intestine in equids, and that small intestinal transport capacity in equids is lower than suids. d-glucose transport capacity (Vmax) and affinity (KM) across the BBM of the distal jejunum (DJ) and proximal large colon (PLC) of the pony and pig were measured. Mucosa was collected from the DJ and PLC of ponies (n = 4) and pigs (n = 3), flash-frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at −80°C. Jejunal and colonic BBM vesicles were manufactured, and d-glucose transport was determined. There was no detectable active uptake of glucose in the equine PLC. Compared with the pig DJ, d-glucose transport capacity was lower (2595 ± 331 vs. 655 ± 286 ρmol·mg protein−1·s−1, respectively, P < .01) and transport affinity tended to be lower (0.09 ± 0.07 vs. 0.27 ± 0.06 mM, respectively, P = .11) in the pony DJ. Compared with the pig DJ, d-glucose transport capacity (2,595 ± 331 vs. 571 ± 331 ρmol·mg protein−1·s−1, respectively, P < .001) and transport affinity (0.09 ± 0.07 vs. 0.54 ± 0.07 mM, respectively, P < .001) in the pig PLC were lower. Results show there is negligible d-glucose uptake across pony PLC, and capacity for d-glucose absorption across DJ BBM is fourfold lower in the pony compared with the pig. Results further exemplify, at a physiological level, the limited capacity of the equid small intestine to transport glucose relative to an omnivorous mammal, and the likely evolutionary adaptation of equids to low dietary levels of nonstructural carbohydrates.  相似文献   

15.
The objective of this study was to describe the pharmacokinetics (PK) of flunixin in 12 nonlactating sows following transdermal (TD) flunixin (3.33 mg/kg) and intravenous (IV; 2.20 mg/kg) flunixin meglumine (FM) administration using a crossover design with a 10‐day washout period. Blood samples were collected postadministration from sows receiving IV FM (3, 6, 10, 20, 40 min and 1, 3, 6, 12, 16, 24, 36, and 48 hr) and from sows receiving TD flunixin (10, 20, 40 min and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 hr). Liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry were used to determine plasma flunixin concentrations, and noncompartmental methods were used for PK analysis. The geometric mean ± SD area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) following IV injection was 26,820.59 ± 9,033.88 and 511.83 ± 213.98 hr ng/ml for TD route. Mean initial plasma concentration (C0) was 26,279.70 ± 3,610.00 ng/ml, and peak concentration (Cmax) was 14.61 ± 7.85 ng/ml for IV and TD administration, respectively. The percent mean bioavailability of TD flunixin was 1.55 ± 1.00. Our results demonstrate that topical administration is not an efficient route for delivering flunixin in mature sows.  相似文献   

16.
The aim of this study was to clarify cow's sleep behavior on farm and to examine the influence of some environment and management factors on cow's sleep. Total 85 behavior data (summer 41, autumn 44) were corrected from 12 commercial tie‐stall dairy farm in northern Tohoku area. Daily duration, bout frequency, and averaged bout duration of sleep and lying were measured. Even though there was no significant difference in any lying measurements, daily duration, bout frequency, and averaged bout duration of sleep was significantly different among farms (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, and p < 0.05, respectively). However, we could not find that any managements influence on sleep. There was significant seasonal difference in daily sleep duration (p < 0.01) and sleep bout frequency (p < 0.05). On the other hand, daily lying duration and averaged lying bout duration were significantly different between seasons (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). Primiparous cows slept longer and more frequent than multiparous (both p < 0.001). Milk solid‐non‐fat content was positively correlated with daily sleep duration (p < 0.05) and bout frequency (p < 0.01). These results might imply the productive importance of sleep related with anabolic hormones release.  相似文献   

17.
The objective of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic profile of tildipirosin (TD) in 24 beagle dogs following intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) administration, respectively, at 2, 4, and 6 mg/kg. Plasma samples at certain time points (0–14 days) were collected, and the concentrations of drug were quantified by UPLC‐MS/MS. Plasma concentration–time data and relevant parameters were described by noncompartmental through WinNonlin 6.4 software. After single i.m. injection at 2, 4, and 6 mg/kg body weight, mean maximum concentration (Cmax) was 412.73 ± 76.01, 1,051 ± 323, and 1,061 ± 352 ng/ml, respectively. Mean time to reach Cmax was 0.36 ± 0.2, 0.08 ± 0.00, and 0.13 ± 0.07 hr after i.m. injection at 2, 4, and 6 mg/kg, respectively. The mean value of T1/2λz for i.m. administration at doses of 2, 4, and 6 mg/kg was 71.39 ± 28.42, 91 .33 ± 50.02, and 96.43 ± 45.02 hr, respectively. The mean residence times were 63.81 ± 10.96, 35.83 ± 15.13, and 38.18 ± 16.77 hr for doses of 2, 4, and 6 mg/kg, respectively. These pharmacokinetic characteristics after i.m. administration indicated that TD could be rapidly distributed into tissues on account of the high lipid solubility and then released into plasma. In addition, the absolute bioavailability of 2 mg/kg after i.m. injection was 112%. No adverse effects were observed after i.v. and i.m. administration.  相似文献   

18.
Eight Jersey cows were used in two balanced 4 × 4 Latin Squares to investigate the effects of replacement of dietary starch with non-forage fibre on productivity, diet digestibility and feeding behaviour. Total-mixed rations consisted of maize silage, grass silage and a soyabean meal-based concentrate mixture, each at 250 g/kg DM, with the remaining 250 g consisting of cracked wheat/soya hulls (SH) in the ratios of 250 : 0, 167 : 83; 83 : 167 and 0 : 250 g, respectively, for treatments SH0, SH83, SH167 and SH250. Starch concentrations were 302, 248, 193 and 140 g/kg DM, and NDF concentrations were 316, 355, 394 and 434 g/kg DM, for treatments SH0, SH83, SH167 and SH250, respectively.Total eating time increased (p < 0.05) as SH inclusion increased, but total rumination time was unaffected. Digestibility of DM, organic matter and starch declined (p < 0.01) as SH inclusion increased, whilst digestibility of NDF and ADF increased (p < 0.01). Dry-matter intake tended to decline with increasing SH, whilst bodyweight, milk yield and fat and lactose concentrations were unaffected by treatment. Milk protein concentration decreased (p < 0.01) as SH level increased. Feed conversion efficiency improved (p < 0.05) as SH inclusion rose, but it was not possible to determine whether this was due to the increased fibre levels alone, or the favourable effect on rumen fermentation of decreasing starch levels.  相似文献   

19.
Genetic parameters were estimated for production traits and primary antibody response (Ab) against Newcastle diseases virus (NDV) vaccine among two Tanzania chicken ecotypes viz. Kuchi and Tanzania Medium (Medium). Production traits studied were body weights at 8 (Bwt8), 12(Bwt12), 16(Bwt16), and 20 (Bwt20) weeks of age, age at first egg (AFE), egg number in the first 90 days after sexual maturity (EN-90), egg weight (EW), egg shell thickness (STH), and egg shape index (ESI). Heritability estimates for Bwt8, Bwt12, Bwt16, Bwt20, AFE, EN-90, EW, STH, ESI and Ab for Kuchi chicken were 0.38 ± 0.10, 0.41 ± 0.07, 0.44 ± 0.08, 0.45 ± 0.09, 0.42 ± 0.10, 0.31 ± 0.05, 0.43 ± 0.08, 0.53 ± 0.11, 0.48 ± 0.13 and 0.27 ± 0.06, respectively. Corresponding estimates for Medium ecotype were 0.39 ± 0.09, 0.43 ± 0.10, 0.42 ± 0.08, 0.43 ± 0.07, 0.52 ± 0.11, 0.32 ± 0.06, 0.50 ± 0.07, 0.61 ± 0.13, 0.52 ± 0.10 and 0.29 ± 0.05, respectively. Genetic (r g) and phenotypic (rp) correlations in both ecotypes were highest among body weights (i.e. rg = 0.60 to 0.93 and rp = 0.54 to 0.78), and were lowest (around 0.10 and below, ranging from positive to negative) among primary antibody response against NDV vaccine and production traits, and among eggshell thickness, egg shape index and other production traits. The magnitudes of heritability estimates obtained in this study indicate good prospects of improving these traits in both ecotypes through selection.  相似文献   

20.
The present study investigated the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus (LBA) and mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) supplementation on the production performance, serum biochemistry, antioxidant profile, health indices, meat quality, and lipid oxidative stability of broiler chicken. A total of 252 commercial broiler chickens at 1 d old of uniform body weight were randomly allocated to 6 maize-soybean-based dietary treatments: T1 (control diet), T2 ( antibiotic bacitracin methylene di-salicylate [BMD] at 20 mg/kg diet), T3 (MOS at 0.1% + LBA at 106 CFU/g feed), T4 (MOS at 0.1% + LBA at 107 CFU/g feed), T5 (MOS at 0.2% + LBA at 106 CFU/g feed), and T6 (MOS at 0.2% + LBA at 107 CFU/g feed). Each treatment was assigned to 6 replicates of 7 birds. The samples for meat quality and serum biochemistry analysis were taken from 12 birds per treatment (2 birds/replicate). The results revealed better (P < 0.01) growth performance and production efficiency of birds fed either T5 or T6 diet compared to control or BMD supplemented diet and BMD-supplemented birds superseded the control birds. Higher (P < 0.01) serum and liver antioxidant enzyme activities, meat antioxidant capacity (2, 2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid [ABTS] and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] assays], serum total protein, high-density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol (P < 0.05), and globulin levels (P < 0.01) were observed in birds fed either T5 or T6 diet compared to control or BMD supplemented birds, whereas, lower lipid oxidation (P < 0.01), cardiac risk ratio, atherogenic coefficient, atherogenic index of plasma, serum glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol levels (P < 0.01), and serum albumin-to-globulin ratio (P < 0.05) were observed in the chickens. The pH of meat from birds fed T4, T5 or T6 diet was lower (P < 0.01) compared to control and other treatments. The extract release volume (ERV), water holding capacity (WHC), and protein content of meat were higher (P < 0.05) in birds fed either T5 or T6 diet compared to control or BMD supplemented birds. Thus, it was concluded that the supplementation of 0.2% MOS along with LBA at 106 CFU/g is optimum for better growth performance, serum biochemistry, antioxidant profile, health indices, meat quality, and lipid oxidative stability of broiler chickens.  相似文献   

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