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1.
本试验旨在克隆中华蜜蜂铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(SOD1)基因,探究中华蜜蜂SOD1基因的表达特性.利用巢式PCR技术扩增、克隆及分析中华蜜蜂SOD1基因,采用实时定量PCR检测不同发育时期(3和6日龄幼虫、l和4日龄蛹以及1和7日龄成蜂)、不同部位(成蜂的头、胸和腹)SOD1基因的表达量,探究中华蜜蜂SOD1基因的表达特性.结果显示:克隆获得中华蜜蜂SOD1基因的cDNA全长序列,其cDNA全长631bp(GenBank登录号JN700517),编码152个氨基酸,预测蛋白质分子质量为15.65 ku,等电点为6.21,经氨基酸序列比对,与意大利蜜蜂有99％的相似性,与其他典型的昆虫(如果蝇、冈比亚按蚊、斜纹夜蛾,家蚕、熊蜂)也有67％ ～85％的相似性;中华蜜蜂SOD1基因在不同发育时期和部位中均有表达特异性,在6日龄幼虫表达量达到峰值,而在4日龄蛹中最低;头部与腹部表达量显著高于胸部(P＜0.05).本研究成功克隆获得中华蜜蜂SOD1基因,其cDNA全长631 bp,编码152个氨基酸.该基因在中华蜜蜂整个发育时期均有表达,而且不同发育时期以及不同部位的表达量不同.  相似文献   

2.
植物体内的Ca2+/H+反向转运体在Ca2+介导的营养和信号转导中发挥着重要作用。选择桑树幼叶cDNA文库中功能注释为Ca2+/H+反向转运体基因(CAX)的一条EST序列设计引物,通过cDNA末端快速扩增(RACE)与反转录PCR(RT-PCR)在桑品种育71-1的幼叶中克隆获得该基因的全长cDNA序列,命名为MCAX-1(GenBank登录号:JN716318)。序列分析显示:MCAX-1全长1 784 bp,包括197 bp的5'端非翻译序列和243 bp的3'端非翻译序列,含有一个1 344 bp的完整ORF,编码447个氨基酸残基,预测蛋白质分子质量为47.93 kD,等电点为5.67。构建的桑树和其它植物基于CAX蛋白氨基酸序列的系统进化树显示:桑树与盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)、毛果杨(Populus trichocarpa)、蓖麻(Ricinus communis)等有较近的亲缘关系。半定量RT-PCR分析表明:MCAX-1在桑树幼芽、嫩叶、根和幼花中的表达量较高,在韧皮部、木质部和成熟果实中的表达量较低;MCAX-1在低温胁迫下的表达量减少,-1℃时几乎无表达,在干旱胁迫下的表达量随着胁迫时间延长逐渐达到最大值之后又迅速降低,在盐分胁迫初期的表达量无变化,但胁迫18 d时表达量明显降低。初步推测MCAX-1与桑树的抗逆性能有一定关联。  相似文献   

3.
柳蚕(Actias selene Hübner)是鳞翅目大蚕蛾科的一种珍稀野生绢丝昆虫.利用RT-PCR方法克隆了柳蚕丝素重链基因(Fib-H)cDNA 5'端的一个片段,该片段序列长819 bp, 编码273个氨基酸,含有4个保守多聚丙氨酸结构域.序列比对分析表明,该片段序列与樟蚕(Saturnia japonica)、天蚕(Antheraea yamamai)、柞蚕(Antheraea pernyi)、印度柞蚕(Antheraea mylitta)和家蚕(Bombyx mori) 的Fib-H基因cDNA 5'端同源序列的相似性分别为72.5%、65.8%、65.1%、65.1%、47.1%.半定量PCR分析显示柳蚕Fib-H基因cDNA 5'端片段序列在5龄幼虫第1-12天的表达量呈现逐渐上升的趋势.  相似文献   

4.
CBF(C-repeat binding factor)是一类与植物抗逆应答相关的转录因子。利用RT-PCR和RACE技术克隆桑树CBF1基因的全长cDNA序列,命名为MCBF1(GenBank登录号:JX186750)。该基因序列全长1 134 bp,包括693 bp的开放阅读框,87bp的5'端非翻译区和354 bp的3'端非翻译区;预测其编码的氨基酸序列具有保守的AP2结构域,且该结构域的两端拥有CBF家族特有的短多肽序列PKK/RPAGRxKFxETRHP和DSAWR,与其它植物CBF1的序列相似性较高;基于CBF1序列的系统进化树显示桑树与柑橘(Citrus jambhiri)、垂枝桦(Betula pendula)和切花月季(Rosa hybrid cultivar)的亲缘关系较近。将构建的pET28a-MCBF1原核表达载体转化大肠杆菌BL21后,诱导表达的MCBF1重组蛋白分子质量大小与预测值一致。半定量RT-PCR分析MCBF1基因在未经过低温处理的对照桑苗幼叶中无表达,而在低温处理后的桑苗幼叶中有表达,其中低温处理4 d后的表达量最高。克隆的MCBF1基因编码蛋白质具有典型的CBF家族结构域,并具有低温诱导表达的特点,推测其在桑树对低温的耐受性中发挥作用。  相似文献   

5.
在感染家蚕质型多角体病毒(BmCPV)的家蚕中肠组织中发现一个差异表达的假定蛋白基因。利用cDNA末端快速扩增(RACE)技术克隆了该假定蛋白基因的全长cDNA。用生物信息学方法进行基因序列与结构分析表明:该基因全长cDNA序列为486bp,包含108bp的5′端非翻译区序列(5′-UTR)和153bp的3′端非翻译区序列(3′-UTR),开放阅读框(ORF)为225bp,编码74个氨基酸,蛋白分子质量为6.888kD,等电点为5.27;该基因由3个外显子和2个内含子组成,ORF位于第2外显子内,编码蛋白含二次跨膜结构,多肽链表现为疏水性,在多肽链上的第15～16氨基酸残基可能是信号肽的切割位点。RT-PCR结果显示该基因在家蚕5龄幼虫的丝腺、血液、脂肪体、生殖腺及中肠组织中均有表达;荧光定量PCR结果表明该基因在感染Bm-CPV的家蚕中肠组织中的表达水平为正常家蚕中肠组织的6.28倍。研究结果为进一步解析该基因的功能奠定了基础。  相似文献   

6.
本文旨在研究鲈鱼视黄酸受体α(RARα)和视黄酸受体γ(RARγ)的结构及其基因的组织表达特点.采用反转录PCR和cDNA末端快速克隆(RACE)技术,从鲈鱼肝脏中克隆得到RARα和RARγ全长cDNA序列.检测鲈鱼肝脏、肌肉、心脏、眼、肠、肾脏、脂肪、脾脏、鳃和大脑10个组织中RARα和RARγ基因的表达情况.结果表明:1)鲈鱼RARα cDNA全长2 094 bp,5 ′端和3 ′端的非翻译区分别为124和608 bp,开放阅读框为1 362 bp,推测编码453个氨基酸,分子质量为50.64 ku,理论等电点为8.20.2)RARγcDNA全长1 671 bp,其中包括36 bp的5′端非翻译区、129 bp的3′端的非翻译区和1 506 bp的开放阅读框,共编码501个氨基酸,分子质量为56.20 ku,理论等电点为4.96.3)鲈鱼RARα和RARγ都具有典型的核受体结构,两者氨基酸序列同源性高达63.1％.鲈鱼的RARα和RARγ与红鳍东方鲀有较高的同源性,分别为96.9％和95.2％.4)RARα和RARγ基因在所有检测组织中均有表达,其中RARα基因在心脏和大脑中表达较少,在眼、鳃和肠中表达较高,而RARγ基因仅在鳃和脾脏中有较高表达.总之,本试验成功克隆了鲈鱼RARα和RARγ的全长cDNA;鲈鱼RARα和RARγ有着典型的核受体结构,在各组织中广泛分布.  相似文献   

7.
本研究旨在克隆和分析中国荷斯坦奶牛的铁蛋白(FTH)基因,为该基因的功能研究和有效利用提供理论依据.运用cDNA末端快速扩增(RACE)技术从公犊肝脏组织中扩增出FTH基因的3'端cDNA序列,并利用生物信息学方法对该基因的氨基酸序列进行分析.结果表明,FTH基因3'端cDNA全长为489 bp,编码81个氨基酸;经生物信息学分析表明,该基因编码的蛋白无N端信号肽及跨膜区,相对分子质量为9.1253 kD,理论等电点为5.19,脂肪系数为85.56,总亲水性为-0.342,其一级结构中存在4个功能结构域;二级结构元件以α-螺旋和β-旋转为主;同源序列分析表明,中国荷斯坦奶牛与原牛FTH氨基酸的相似性最高(99％);系统进化树显示,在该基因座位上中国荷斯坦奶牛与所测物种的亲缘关系均较远.本研究有助于揭示FTH家族基因的进化历史,为对其进行深入的功能分析和利用研究提供参考.  相似文献   

8.
野桑蚕羧酸酯酶基因(BmmCarE-2)的克隆及表达分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
羧酸酯酶参与昆虫对有机磷和氨基甲酸酯等杀虫剂抗性的产生。通过反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)和cDNA末端快速扩增(RACE)方法克隆了一个野桑蚕羧酸酯酶全长基因(BmmCarE-2)。序列分析表明该基因包含1个1 623 bp的开放读码框,有57 bp的cDNA5′端非翻译区序列(5′UTR)和79 bp的cDNA3′端非翻译区序列(3′UTR),编码540个氨基酸,GenBank登录号为EU328351。序列比对分析表明BmmCarE-2与家蚕羧酸酯酶基因BmCarE-2(GenBank登录号:DQ311250)的氨基酸序列相似性最高,达98.9%。利用半定量RT-PCR进行组织表达分析表明,BmmCarE-2在野桑蚕幼虫的头部和脂肪体表达量较高,在丝腺和中肠稍低,而在血液中的表达量最低。  相似文献   

9.
BANYULS(BAN)基因编码的花青素还原酶是缩合单宁合成有关的一个关键酶.利用同源克隆的原理,采用RACE的方法,从紫花苜蓿中克隆得到了BAN基因(MsBAN),并对其进行了初步的分析.该基因cDNA全长1313bp,包括开放阅读框1017bp,编码339个氨基酸,在N端存在一个NADP结合位点“VIGGTGFVASLLIKQLLEKGY”.实时荧光定量PCR结果表明,该基因在紫花苜蓿荚果中表达量最高,花中最弱.在NaCl和PEG诱导下,MsBAN基因表达量明显高于对照.在外源激素ABA和GA3处理下,该基因被诱导表达.表明单宁可能在紫花苜蓿的抗逆性调控中也起到一定的作用.  相似文献   

10.
家蚕钙网蛋白的基因结构与初步表达谱研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
钙网蛋白(calreticulin,CRT)是内质网/肌浆网主要的Ca2+结合蛋白,在细胞功能的调节方面发挥重要作用。利用双向电泳技术及质谱技术研究家蚕脂肪体蛋白组的变化,通过分析检索蛋白质组数据,获得了钙结合蛋白的氨基酸序列。通过电子克隆、cDNA3′末端快速扩增(3′rapid amplification of cDNA ends,3′RACE)方法克隆了家蚕钙网蛋白基因cDNA全长序列,命名为BmCRT(GenBank登录号:FJ360528)。BmCRT基因cDNA全长1 705 bp,开放阅读框序列(ORF)长1 197 bp,编码398个氨基酸。氨基酸序列分析显示,BmCRT与其它物种的CRT都具有保守的N-结构域、脯氨酸富集结构域和C-端结构域。BmCRT基因组结构分析表明:该基因由7个外显子和6个内含子组成。分析BmCRTmRNA在不同发育时期的表达变化显示,该基因在家蚕幼虫眠期的mRNA表达量比食桑期高,而在4龄和5龄食桑期mRNA表达量没有随着生长变化而变化。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

18.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

19.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

20.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

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