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为验证在有机物存在下格利特(20％戊二醛溶液)消毒剂杀灭禽流感病毒的能力,试验模拟空栏鸡舍和周围环境消毒实际情况,在鸡粪中混入H9亚型禽流感病毒,以接种鸡胚尿囊液中H9亚型禽流感病毒血凝价＜2 log2判为感染阴性,以样品经消毒剂作用后检测不到病毒含量(即0EID50)为病毒完全杀灭(100％杀灭病毒),研究格利特消毒剂杀灭禽流感病毒的效果,结果显示:1∶400以下稀释的格利特消毒剂4℃或25℃作用20 min,均能100％杀灭混入鸡粪中的H9N2禽流感病毒;1∶200稀释的格利特消毒剂25℃作用20 min,能100％杀灭存在于鸡粪和清洁剂中的H9N2禽流感病毒.1∶1600以下稀释的格利特消毒剂25℃作用20 min,均能100％杀灭无鸡粪保护的H9N2禽流感病毒. 相似文献
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采用Klein—Defors悬浮杀灭方法,考察了那氏（NAS）制剂对H5N1和H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的杀灭效果。将不同浓度的NAS制剂药物组与利巴韦林药物对照组与H5N1亚型和H9N2亚型病毒各分别混合10min和30min。后10倍递进稀释成10个稀释度,接种鸡胚尿囊腔。培养一定时间后采集尿囊液进行血凝试验（HA）,计算NAS制剂对两种亚型禽流感病毒在不同时间的杀灭率。结果表明,以1：40、1：80、1：160、1：320、1：640的稀释浓度与10^7-63 EID50禽流感H5N1亚型病毒液作用10min,病毒杀灭率分别为99．99％、99．99％、32．39％、0、0;作用30min杀灭病毒率分别为100％、99．99％、99．43％、0、0。与10^0.17 EID50 H9N2亚型禽流感病毒液作用10min,其杀灭病毒率分别为99．99％、99．99％、32．39％、0、0;作用30min病毒杀灭率分别为100％、99．99％、90％、0、0。提示NAS制剂对这两种病毒都有较好的杀灭作用,而且杀灭效果与时间有关。 相似文献
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为验证在有机物存在下格利特消毒剂杀灭禽流感病毒的能力,试验模拟鸡舍和周围环境的消毒实际情况,在鸡粪中混入H9亚型禽流感病毒,研究格利特消毒剂(20%戊二醛溶液)杀灭禽流感病毒的效果,结果:1∶100、1∶200和1∶400稀释的格利特消毒剂在4℃或25℃下作用20 min,均能100%杀灭混入鸡粪中的H9N2禽流感病毒;1∶200稀释的格利特消毒剂25℃下作用20 min,能杀灭存在于鸡粪和清洁剂中的100%H9N2禽流感病毒。1∶100、1∶200、1∶400、1∶800、1∶1 600稀释的格利特消毒剂25℃下作用20 min,均能100%杀灭无鸡粪保护的H9N2禽流感病毒。结论:格利特消毒剂能杀灭有鸡粪保护的禽流感病毒。 相似文献
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为了研究家禽粪便环境对常用化学消毒剂杀灭H5N6亚型禽流感病毒的影响,依照《消毒技术规范》,评估5种消毒剂在粪便环境下对目前我国流行的H5N6亚型高致病性禽流感病毒的杀灭效果。结果:与无粪便环境组相比,家禽粪便对5种消毒剂的消毒效果均造成一定程度的影响,需要提高消毒剂工作浓度。其中:过硫酸氢钾复合物溶液、二氯异氰脲酸钠溶液、戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液作用浓度需分别提高2.5倍、2倍和4倍(均在说明书最大推荐浓度范围内),方可完全灭活H5N6亚型禽流感病毒。尽管癸甲溴铵溶液与戊二醛癸甲溴铵溶液作用浓度分别需提高8倍和4倍可完全杀灭病毒,但均超出了说明书最大推荐浓度,具有一定的使用风险。本研究对指导养禽场和活禽交易市场在粪便环境下科学合理地使用消毒剂杀灭禽流感病毒提供了参考。 相似文献
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为了比较4种常用消毒剂对猪流感病毒的杀灭效果,通过采用鸡胚感染试验和Klein-Defors悬浮灭活试验,研究了戊二醛、氢氧化钠、聚维酮碘、复合消毒剂等4种常用消毒剂在不同浓度下,与H3N2猪流感病毒作用5 min和10 min的杀灭率。结果:戊二醛1∶20 000的稀释液、氢氧化钠1∶1 000的稀释液、聚维酮碘1∶50的稀释液、复合消毒剂1∶20 000的稀释液能将病毒100%杀灭。因此,复合消毒剂和戊二醛的杀灭效果较为显著,其他依次是氢氧化钠、聚维酮碘。 相似文献
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《养禽与禽病防治》2017,(6)
为了研究H7N9亚型流感病毒对二氯异氰尿酸钠、复合酚、聚维酮碘、氢氧化钠等常用消毒剂及紫外线的敏感性,通过模拟现场消毒场景,将不同种类和不同浓度的消毒剂分别与H7N9亚型流感病毒充分作用,评价病毒对消毒剂的敏感性;评价在紫外照射强度90μW/cm2条件下病毒的存活情况。结果显示:H7N9亚型流感病毒在二氯异氰尿酸钠、复合酚、聚维酮碘、氢氧化钠有效浓度分别为1:5 000、0.1%、0.1%、1%的条件下可完全被杀灭;在紫外照射强度90μW/cm~2条件下15min可完全被杀灭,表明H7N9亚型流感病毒对4种消毒剂以及紫外线均具有较强的敏感性。本研究还进行活禽市场的现场验证,与实验室的研究结果一致。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2020,(2):111-119
为探索过硫酸氢钾复合盐消毒剂、温度、紫外线对伪狂犬病毒(PRV)的杀灭效果,采用3种不同厂家生产的过硫酸氢钾复合盐消毒剂(稀释100～800倍)、5个温度(70、75、82、90、100℃)及2个紫外线(照射距离为1、1.5 m)处理PRV,观察已处理的病毒感染Vero细胞后细胞病变(CPE)产生的情况;PCR检测病毒核酸的增殖情况。结果显示:BIOX卫可消毒液稀释100～800倍对Vero细胞无显著毒性作用;杜邦卫可、迈微卫可消毒液在稀释100倍时有显著的毒性作用,稀释200～800倍范围内不影响细胞生长;消毒液抗PRV试验显示,3种不同厂家的卫可消毒剂对PRV具有抑制或杀灭作用,以1∶200终浓度进行消毒30 min以上效果最好;高温对病毒具有显著的杀灭作用,用70℃处理病毒3 min即可杀灭病毒;在照射距离为1 m范围内用紫外线照射病毒60 min以上,可完全杀灭病毒。结果表明:过硫酸氢钾复合盐、高温处理、紫外线照射处理均对PRV具有抑制或杀灭作用;增加消毒剂的有效剂量、上调温度及延长消毒有效时间,能够保证消毒工作达到标准水平,进而从根源上切断病原传播的各种途径。试验结果对其他病毒性疾病的防控工作中消毒剂的选择具有重要的参考价值。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2016,(1)
采用悬浮杀灭试验,考察戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液对H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的灭活效果。将戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液通过不同稀释倍数(1 250、2 500、5 000、10 000、20 000)、在不同作用时间(5、10 min)观察其对H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的灭活效果。结果显示,戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液在10000倍稀释,与H9N2亚型禽流感病毒作用5 min或10 min,灭活率达99.90%以上;在20 000倍稀释,作用5 min或10 min,灭活率均小于99.90%。表明戊二醛苯扎溴铵溶液在10 000倍稀释与H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(20±1)℃水浴作用5 min,即可对H9N2亚型禽流感病毒达到很好的灭活效果。 相似文献
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Evaluation of disinfectants with the addition of antifreezing compounds against nonpathogenic H7N2 avian influenza virus. 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In the winter of 1997 and 1998, in the midst of the H7N2 avian influenza outbreak in Pennsylvania, producers added antifreeze or windshield washer fluid to disinfectant solutions in wash stations to prevent freezing. The purpose of this study was to determine if the addition of these products to the disinfectant solutions would have deleterious effects. Four disinfectants (two phenols, one quarternary ammonium, and one combination product: quarternary ammonium and formaldehyde) and one sodium hypochlorite detergent product currently used in the poultry industry were studied. Each product was diluted according to the manufacturer's recommendation in sterile distilled water and compared with dilutions of the disinfectants with the addition of antifreeze products (ethylene glycol or propylene glycol) or windshield washer fluid for their effectiveness in killing nonpathogenic H7N2 avian influenza virus. All products diluted according to the manufacturer's recommendation killed the nonpathogenic H7N2 avian influenza virus in this test system. The phenol products and the quaternary ammonium product were still efficacious with the addition of the antifreeze containing ethylene glycol. Both the combination product and the sodium hypochlorite detergent had decreased efficacy when the ethylene glycol product was added. When the propylene glycol product was added, the efficacy of all disinfectants remained unaffected, whereas the efficacy of the sodium hypochlorite detergent decreased. With the addition of the windshield washer fluid (methyl alcohol), all products remained efficacious except for the combination product. 相似文献
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Koichiro GAMOH Mari NAKAMIZO Masatoshi OKAMATSU Yoshihiro SAKODA Hiroshi KIDA Shoko SUZUKI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2016,78(1):139-142
H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have spread worldwide, and
antigenic variants of different clades have been selected. In this study, the national
stockpiled vaccine prepared from A/duck/Hokkaido/Vac-1/2004 (H5N1) strain was evaluated
for the protective efficacy against H5N8 HPAI virus isolated in Kumamoto prefecture,
Japan, in April 2014. In the challenge test, all of the vaccinated chickens survived
without showing any clinical signs and reduced virus shedding. It was concluded that the
present stockpiled vaccine was effective against the H5N8 HPAI virus. 相似文献
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为了建立适用于临床诊断的H1N1亚型猪流感病毒快速检测方法,本研究根据GenBank已登录的H1N1亚型猪流感病毒HA和NA基因序列设计RT-PCR扩增引物,以H1N1亚型猪流感病毒、H3N2亚型猪流感病毒、猪瘟病毒和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒为试验对照,通过优化RT-PCR反应条件和反应体系,建立了H1N1亚型猪流感病毒HA和NA基因双重RT-PCR定型检测方法。同时,运用H1N1亚型猪流感病毒血凝和血凝抑制试验方法和本研究建立的方法对165份猪病料样品进行了对比验证。结果表明,本研究建立的H1N1亚型猪流感病毒双重RT-PCR具有良好的特异性、敏感性、重复性,所扩增的目的基因片段大小分别为428 bp和678 bp左右,可检出最小基因组RNA浓度为2.9×10-5μg/μL。本研究建立的方法和H1N1亚型猪流感病毒血凝和血凝抑制试验方法均从同一份猪肺脏样品中检测出H1N1亚型猪流感病毒,其余样品中均未检出H1N1亚型猪流感病毒,两种方法符合率为100%。本研究建立的方法适用于H1N1亚型猪流感病毒双基因定型检测,可在H1N1亚型猪流感病毒流行病学调查和临床诊断中应用。 相似文献
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Samad RA Nomura N Tsuda Y Manzoor R Kajihara M Tomabechi D Sasaki T Kokumai N Ohgitani T Okamatsu M Takada A Sakoda Y Kida H 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》2011,59(1):23-29
Inactivated influenza virus vaccine prepared from a non-pathogenic influenza virus strain A/duck/Hokkaido/Vac-1/2004 (H5N1) from the virus library conferred protective immunity to chickens against the challenge of antigenically drifted highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV), A/whooper swan/Hokkaido/1/2008 (H5N1). The efficacy of the vaccine was comparable to that prepared from genetically modified HPAIV strain deltaRRRRK rg-A/ whooper swan/Mongolia/3/2005 (H5N1), which is more antigenically related to the challenge virus strain, in chickens. 相似文献
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Avian influenza A H5N6 virus is a highly contagious infectious agent that affects domestic poultry and humans in South Asian countries. Vietnam may be an evolutionary hotspot for influenza viruses and therefore could serve as a source of pandemic strains. In 2015, two novel reassortant H5N6 influenza viruses designated as A/quail/Vietnam/CVVI01/2015 and A/quail/Vietnam/CVVI03/2015 were isolated from dead quails during avian influenza outbreaks in central Vietnam, and the whole genome sequences were analyzed. The genetic analysis indicated that hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, and polymerase basic protein 2 genes of the two H5N6 viruses are most closely related to an H5N2 virus (A/chicken/Zhejiang/727079/2014) and H10N6 virus (A/chicken/Jiangxi/12782/2014) from China and an H6N6 virus (A/duck/Yamagata/061004/2014) from Japan. The HA gene of the isolates belongs to clade 2.3.4.4, which caused human fatalities in China during 2014–2016. The five other internal genes showed high identity to an H5N2 virus (A/chicken/Heilongjiang/S7/2014) from China. A whole-genome phylogenetic analysis revealed that these two outbreak strains are novel H6N6-like PB2 gene reassortants that are most closely related to influenza virus strain A/environment/Guangdong/ZS558/2015, which was detected in a live poultry market in China. This report describes the first detection of novel H5N6 reassortants in poultry during an outbreak as well as genetic characterization of these strains to better understand the antigenic evolution of influenza viruses. 相似文献
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本试验旨在建立一种针对检测抗H1N1亚型猪流感病毒单克隆抗体的免疫过氧化物酶单层细胞试验（immunoperoxidase monolayer assay,IPMA）筛选方法。通过优化MDCK细胞接毒量、细胞接毒后培养时间、封闭液的种类和工作浓度、工作时间等各个反应条件,并对建立的IPMA筛选方法的特异性、敏感性和重复性进行评价。结果显示,建立的IPMA检测方法的最优反应条件为MDCK细胞接毒102.63 TCID50/100 μL H1N1亚型猪流感病毒,37℃培养24 h,含3‰ H2O2的甲醇室温固定15 min,5%脱脂乳37℃封闭2 h,50 μL杂交瘤细胞上清作为一抗,37℃孵育2 h,羊抗鼠HRP-IgG二抗37℃孵育1 h。所建立的IPMA方法能特异性地检测H1N1亚型猪流感病毒单克隆抗体,与猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）、猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）和猪瘟病毒（CSFV）阳性血清不发生交叉反应;其敏感性检测结果显示,可检测1：3 200的HI=2-9标准H1N1猪阳性血清;批间和批内重复性试验结果较好。综上所述,本试验成功建立了抗H1N1亚型猪流感病毒单克隆抗体的IPMA检测方法,该方法特异性强、敏感性高、重复性好,为生产鉴定H1N1亚型猪流感病毒单克隆抗体提供了一种简便、实用、有效的检测手段。 相似文献
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研究金丝桃素体外抗H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的活性。用MTT法观察金丝桃素预防、治疗、以及体外直接作用15 min 4种给药方式对感染H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的细胞的保护效果,以及用荧光酶标法测定金丝桃素对禽流感病毒神经氨酸酶的抑制活性。结果表明,金丝桃素的4种给药方式在体外对感染禽流感病毒的细胞的的保护率分别为6.43%、5.31%、39.89%、69.04%。金丝桃素对禽流感病毒神经氨酸酶活性的抑制,IC50为0.58 mg/mL。表明金丝桃素对感染H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的细胞有一定保护的作用,且对神经氨酸酶的活性有较显著的抑制作用。 相似文献
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Influenza A virus has caused huge damage to human health and poultry production worldwide, but its global transmission patterns and influencing factors remain unclear. Here, by using the Nearest Genetic Distance Approach with genetic sequences data, we reconstructed the global transmission patterns of 4 most common subtypes of influenza A virus (H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, and H7N9) and analyzed associations of transmission velocity of these influenza viruses with environmental factors. We found that the transmission patterns of influenza viruses and their associations with environmental factors were closely related to their host properties. H1N1 and H3N2, which are mainly held by humans, are transmitted between regions at high velocity and over long distances, which may be due to human transportation via airplane; while H5N1 and H7N9, which are mainly carried by animals, are transmitted locally at short distances and at low velocity, which may be facilitated by poultry transportation via railways or high ways. H1N1 and H3N2 spread faster in cold seasons, while H5N1 spread faster in both cold and warm seasons, and H7N9 spread faster in wet seasons. H1N1, H3N2, and H5N1 spread faster in places with both high and low human densities. Our study provided novel insights into the global transmission patterns, processes, and management strategies for influenza under accelerated global change. 相似文献