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1.
对分离自广西4种鸟类的10株新城疫病毒(NDV)分离株,进行HN基因的RT-PCR扩增、序列测定和分析,旨在探讨广西野鸟源NDV HN基因的分子进化特征,为科学防控新城疫提供依据。结果显示,10株广西野鸟源NDV分离株HN基因的ORF全长均为1 716 bp,编码571个氨基酸,符合强毒株的基因长度特征。核苷酸同源性比较显示,2株鹧鸪源NDV分离株与NDV基因XII型同源性高达98.0%～98.1%, 5株斑鸠源和3株鸽子源NDV病毒与NDV基因VI型的同源性高达90.0%～91.9%。遗传进化分析显示,10株广西野鸟NDV分离株与我国经典强毒株F48E9、弱毒疫苗株LaSota和基因VII型NDV(我国目前应用最广的疫苗株基因型)遗传距离较远。  相似文献   

2.
为评价秦岭北麓关中地区野鸟源基因Ⅸ型斯城疫病毒(NDV)流行及毒力情况,对374份源于该区域健康野鸟的咽喉、泄殖腔拭子进行病毒分离与鉴定,并对NDV分离株进行生物学特征和遗传进化分析.结果共分离到5株野鸟源NDV(包括2株候鸟源),其致病指数MDT、ICPI、IVPI差异较大,分别为37.2～64.8 h,0.425～1.638,2.04～2.76.F基因(535 bp)推导氨基酸序列和同源性分析显示,5株NDV分离毒均具有强毒的融合(F)蛋白裂解位点112R-R-Q-R-R-F117,5株分离毒间同源性高达99.8％～100.0％.F基因高变区(42～420 nt,374 bp)分析显示5株分离毒均属于我国特有的基因Ⅸ型NDV,与我国早期的基因Ⅸ型NDV流行株F48E9亲缘关系很近(核苷酸同源性为99.4％～99.6％),而与La Sota和V4等传统疫苗株及目前家禽中流行基因Ⅶ型NDV毒株亲缘关系较远.本研究表明,健康野鸟为基因ⅨNDV的携带者,尽管首次获得的5株野鸟源基因Ⅸ型NDV毒株生物学特征差异较大,但均具有强毒的分子生物学特征及致病性,提示对周边环境和家禽养殖业存在潜在威胁.  相似文献   

3.
为分析鸡源基因Ⅸ型新城疫病毒的分子特征及遗传进化关系,对两株蛋鸡源NDV进行部分生物学特性测定及全基因测序分析。参考基因Ⅸ型NDV毒株的序列设计10对引物,采用RT-PCR的方法对NDV分离株Layer/China/Yulin/10和Layer/China/Changan/10分段进行扩增及测序,拼接获得全基因序列。结果表明,2株病毒的MDT分别为37.2和56.5h,ICPI分别为1.838和1.603,F基因的裂解位点序列均为112 R-R-Q-R-R-F117,HN基因均编码571个氨基酸,均符合NDV强毒株的特征;2株病毒的基因组全长均为15 192bp,同源性高达99.9%;F基因和全基因系统进化树显示2株NDV均属于ClassⅡ中的基因Ⅸ型,和其他基因Ⅸ型和基因Ⅲ型毒株的亲缘性较高,与野鸟源NDV同源性为99.9%,遗传距离为0.001 1,以上结果表明,这两株鸡源NDV与野鸟源NDV的亲缘关系较近。提示野鸟可能在基因Ⅸ型NDV的扩散与传播中有重要的作用。  相似文献   

4.
将内蒙古地区呼和浩特市和包头市获得的两株鸡新城疫病毒分离株纯化培养后,提取病毒RNA,用一步法RT—PCR扩增F基因,测出F基因的全部核苷酸序列为1662bp,编码554个氨基酸。与国内外发表的部分NDV病毒的核苷酸序列进行比较。结果表明,这两株分离株核苷酸同源性为97．5％,与标准毒株F48E9的同源性分别为86．8％和85．8％。与长春、广东、广西、山东、河北、浙江、韩国等地的NDV的同源性在96.3％-98．8％之间。并且这2株分离株F蛋白的裂解位点氨基酸组成为112R—R-Q—K—R—F117,具有典型的强毒株裂解位点的特点。  相似文献   

5.
应用PCR技术扩增NDV贵州不同鸡源分离株,包括肉鸡源P1株与BY株、蛋鸡源H2株与FW株、七彩山鸡源N98株和越南斗鸡源DQ株的F蛋白基因,将该基因片段分别进行克隆和测序,并与国内外NDV参考株的对应序列进行比较分析。结果表明:6株NDV贵州不同鸡源分离株的F基因长度均为1 662 bp,编码553个氨基酸;分离株间核苷酸同源性为86.9%~99.7%,氨基酸同源性为91.0%~99.3%;与国内外NDV代表株(LaSota株、B1株、F48E9株、CH2000株和TW 2000株)的核苷酸同源性为84.0%~98.9%,氨基酸同源性为87.2%~98.6%;经系统发育进化树分析,DQ株、N98株、P1株和H2株为基因VIId型,而BY株和FW株为基因IX型。这些结果提示贵州省不同鸡群间存在相同NDV毒株感染的可能性,不同年份间NDV毒株发生基因型改变,而近年来贵州省流行的ND疫情主要是由NDV基因VII型引起。  相似文献   

6.
用设计的1对特异性引物，对一株从成都地区分离的鸡源性NDV强毒SC01株的HN基因的526bp片段进行克隆与分析。分析结果表明，SC01株HN基因与相比较的12株鸡源性毒株的HN基因的核苷酸同源性为81．4％-94．6％，核苷酸所推导的氨基酸同源性为88．0％～94．8％。对SC01株和CH185、F02、GD／1／98／goose、YG97、JS／3／98／goose、JS／5／01／goose、JS／2／98／goose等毒株的HN基因进行聚类分析，证明它们属同一亚群，SC01株属于NDV基因Ⅶ型毒株，证明了基因Ⅶ型NDV毒株在四川地区存在。  相似文献   

7.
从山东地区疑似新城疫病毒(NDV)感染鸽群中分离到两株新城疫病毒分别命名为pigeon/China/bz12和pigeon/China/bz11,经蚀斑纯化后测定其鸡胚平均死亡时间(MDT)分别为76.6 h、78.8 h,1日龄雏鸡脑内致病指数(ICPI)分别为1.98、1.95,符合NDV强毒特征.设计NDV F基因特异性引物,使用RT-PCR从纯化后鸡胚尿囊液中扩增获得了约1 662 bp基因条带,序列测定确认为NDV F基因,其氨基酸一级结构包含553位氨基酸残基,F0蛋白裂解位点含112-RQKRF-117氨基酸序列,具有NDV强毒株分子特性.依据yellow基因序列同源性对获得2株NDV分离株和42株NDV参考毒株基因型分型,结果显示,2株鸽源NDV分离株都属于基因Ⅶ型,其与基因Ⅶ型NDV不同分离株同源性达93.5％～99.8％,与鸡源强毒NDV分离株Chicken/China/SD8/2010同源性高达99.8％,表明这两株鸽源分离毒株可能来源于感染的鸡群.  相似文献   

8.
为研究当前流行的新城疫病毒（Newcastle disease virus,NDV）基因型、致病性及其与传统新城疫病毒疫苗株（La Sota等）的核苷酸差异,试验从某发病鸡场病死鸡体内分离到1株疑似NDV毒株,经红细胞凝集试验（HA）和红细胞凝集抑制试验（HI）初步确定为鸡源NDV。参照GenBank公布的NDV F基因部分片段（登录号：JF950510.1）设计1对引物,通过RT-PCR技术扩增分离株的F基因并克隆、测序,测序结果与NCBI中NDV F基因序列进行比对,构建系统进化树并分析其基因型;通过测定鸡胚平均致死时间（MDT）、1日龄鸡脑内致病指数（ICPI）和6周龄鸡静脉致病指数（IVPI）判断病毒致病性;参照GenBank公布的NDV全基因组序列（登录号：JF950510.1）设计9对引物对分离株进行全基因组序列测定,并分析其基因组结构。结果表明,RT-PCR扩增得到F基因长约500 bp,基于F基因构建的系统进化树显示分离株为基因Ⅶ型NDV;MDT、ICPI和IVPI分别为52.8 h、1.675和2.46,表明分离株属于强毒株。全基因组序列分析显示,分离株全基因组全长15 192 bp,与传统La Sota株基因组相比,序列多出6个碱基,核苷酸序列同源性82.8%。本研究成功分离到1株基因Ⅶ型NDV强毒株,且与传统疫苗毒株La Sota的核苷酸序列同源性差异较大。  相似文献   

9.
新城疫病毒广西分离株F基因的克隆和序列分析   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  
根据GenBank中登录的新城疫病毒(NDV)F基因序列设计了2对引物，对从广西分离的10株NDV毒株的F基因进行了分段扩增和序列测定，其基因序列全长均为1662bp，编码553个氨基酸，均有6个潜在的糖基化位点。将其F基因的核苷酸序列及推导的氨基酸序列与已发表的10株NDV参考株的F基因序列进行了比较。结果表明，核苷酸序列的同源性为82．6％～98．1％，氨基酸的同源性为87．7％～98．7％。这10株NDV广西分离株在裂解位点的氨基酸序列(^112R—R—Q—K／R—R—F^117)与NDV强毒株特征相符合。系统发育树、酶切位点分析和基因分型结果表明，10株NDV广西分离株中GX1／00、GX2／00、GX4／00、GX6／02、GX7／02、GX9／03、GX10／03和GX11／03为基因Ⅶd亚型，GX3／00和GX5／00为基因Ⅲ型。  相似文献   

10.
对广西猪源I型副粘病毒F基因测序分析，为今后开展猪源副粘病毒的相关研究提供参考，也为有效防控副粘病毒感染奠定基础。参考GenBank发表的相关禽副粘病毒I型（Avian paramyxovirus serotypeI，APMVx）基因组序列，设计了1对特异性引物，用RT—PCR法分别扩增出病毒各F基因片段，并将目的基因片段回收纯化。测定得F基因的序列结果表明，从猪组织中分离获得1株猪源禽I型副粘病毒，分离株F基因112～117住裂解住点的氨基酸组成为R—R—Q－R—R-F，与强毒株DQ417113、AF458012的裂解位点一致。同源性分析结果表明，分离株与标准强毒株的核苷酸同源性分别为87．5％和87．4％。猪源禽I型副粘病毒分离株为强毒株，属于基因I型是传统型毒株，广西地区禽I型副粘病毒宿主范围呈不断扩大趋势。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

15.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

16.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

17.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

18.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

19.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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20.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

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