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1.
《中国动物保健》2018,(12)
本研究建立了HPLC-DAD法测定盐酸左旋咪唑注射液中左旋咪唑含量的方法。采用Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为0.05mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液-乙腈(80∶20,v/v),流速为1.0mL/min,进样量为10μL,柱温为30℃,用二极管阵列检测器在190~400nm扫描,记录212nm波长处的色谱图。左旋咪唑在1~500μg/mL浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数为0.999 99。在2.5、5.0和10.0mg/g三个添加浓度下,加样回收率为99.1%~100.5%,RSD≤1.5%,检测限为2.5mg/g。本方法简便快捷,准确度和灵敏度高,可用于左旋咪唑注射液的质量控制。 相似文献
2.
建立了盐酸左旋咪唑粉中盐酸左旋咪唑含量的高效液相色谱测定法。以0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钾(用三乙胺调节pH值为7)-乙腈(80∶20)为流动相,盐酸左旋咪唑经C18色谱柱分离,在214 nm波长下检测。试验结果表明,盐酸左旋咪唑在0.1~2.0 mg/mL范围内线性关系良好,R2=0.9995,平均回收率为101.3%(n=6),RSD为0.6%。本方法简便、准确、重现性好,可更好的控制盐酸左旋咪唑粉的质量。 相似文献
3.
建立盐酸左旋咪唑片中盐酸左旋咪唑含量测定的高效液相色谱法。采用Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm),5μm色谱柱,Agilent 1260DAD检测器,流动相为0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液(三乙胺调节pH值至7.0)-乙腈(80∶20,v/v);进样量为20μL;柱温为30℃;流速为1.0 mL/min;检测波长为214nm。结果表明:盐酸左旋咪唑在1.024～102.398μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(r=1.0000),高、中、低浓度回收率分别为97.4%、99.7%、99.3%。该方法定性、定量准确,适用于盐酸左旋咪唑片中盐酸左旋咪唑的含量测定。 相似文献
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《中兽医医药杂志》2019,(4)
建立并验证HPLC法测定盐酸林可霉素注射液的含量方法。采用十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以磷酸溶液-乙腈-甲醇(80∶15∶15)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温为40℃,波长210 nm。试验结果表明,盐酸林可霉素在0.1～4.0 mg/mL范围内线性良好,R=0.999 9,平均回收率为98.8%(n=9),RSD为1.0%。该方法与《中华人民共和国兽药典》2015年版一部中的HPLC法比较,可减少盐溶液对色谱柱的污染,提高色谱系统的稳定性、灵敏度及被测色谱峰的理论塔板数,同时流动相配置方便、快速,适用于盐酸林可霉素注射液的质量控制。 相似文献
6.
应用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱技术建立了兽用中药制剂穿心莲注射液和鱼腥草注射液中非法添加庆大霉素的检测方法。样品经水溶解后稀释,采用20 mmol/L七氟丁酸(HFBA)乙腈与20 mmol/L HFBA水溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,经ACQUITY HSS PFP色谱柱分离,通过多反应监测模式进行测定。庆大霉素在0.02~2μg/mL的范围内线性关系良好,相关系数0.9998。平均回收率为98.2%~100.3%,相对标准偏差小于2.4%。检测限为2 mg/mL,定量限为4 mg/mL,该法准确、简单、快速。 相似文献
7.
建立了猪、鸡组织中左旋咪唑残留检测的高效液相色谱法。组织试样在碱性条件下先用乙酸乙酯提取,然后用0.1 mol/L盐酸反萃取,萃取的样液用混合型阳离子固相萃取小柱净化,采用C18(5μm,250 mm×4.6 mm i.d.)色谱柱,用高效液相色谱仪(带紫外检测器)在220 nm波长处测定,外标法定量。在此条件下,左旋咪唑的保留时间为12～14 min。左旋咪唑浓度在10～1 000μg/L时,与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,线性方程为y=196.37x+81.599(r=0.999 9)。结果表明,左旋咪唑在在猪、鸡的肌肉、脂肪和肾脏中的检测限为2μg/kg,定量限为5μg/kg;在猪、鸡的肝脏中的检测限为2μg/kg,定量限为10μg/kg。在添加不同浓度水平测定下,平均回收率在70%～110%,批内变异系数在10%以内,批间变异系数在15%以内。 相似文献
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本文建立了测定复方氯硝柳胺片中氯硝柳胺和左旋咪唑的高效液相色谱法,采用Eclipse plus C-18(4.6×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为甲醇:0.05 mol/L乙酸铵(70∶30,V/V),流速为1.0 mL/min,紫外检测波长为220 nm,柱温35℃。结果显示,氯硝柳胺在10μg/mL～800μg/mL,左旋咪唑在1μg/mL～80μg/mL范围内,浓度与峰面积积分值呈良好的线性相关,相关系数r分别为0.9998、0.9999;氯硝柳胺和左旋咪唑低、中、高三种浓度的平均回收率均在95.42%～101.12%之间,RSD在0.31%～1.48%之间;氯硝柳胺和左旋咪唑的定量限分别为1μg/mL、0.5μg/mL,检测限分别为0.4μg/mL和0.2μg/mL。结果表明,该方法快速、简洁、专属性强,回收率高,稳定性良好。 相似文献
10.
为检测麻杏石甘散、氟苯尼考注射液中非法添加的盐酸溴己新,甘草颗粒中非法添加的吲哚美辛,以十八烷基键合硅胶为填充剂,磷酸盐缓冲液-乙腈(20∶80)为流动相检测盐酸溴己新,以乙腈-0.1mol/L冰醋酸溶液(50∶50)为流动相检测吲哚美辛,流速为1.0 m L/min,波长扫描范围为200~400 nm,建立了相应的HPLC-PAD检测方法,并采用峰纯度检查和光谱相似度检查辅助对照品比对方法,对非法添加药物进行确证。结果显示,麻杏石甘散和氟苯尼考注射液中盐酸溴己新的回收率分别为94.8%和98.5%,甘草颗粒中吲哚美辛回收率为95.2%;盐酸溴己新线性方程为y=14780200x-16476,R=0.9999,吲哚美辛线性方程为y=10995430x+13033,R=0.9999;麻杏石甘散中盐酸溴己新检测限为83 mg/kg,氟苯尼考注射液中盐酸溴己新检测限为1.6 g/L,甘草颗粒中吲哚美辛检测限为1 g/kg。 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
14.
B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
15.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
17.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
18.
Troxel MT Vite CH Van Winkle TJ Newton AL Tiches D Dayrell-Hart B Kapatkin AS Shofer FS Steinberg SA 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):850-859
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma. 相似文献
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Bazin H 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2003,26(5-6):293-308
Infectious diseases have always been a terrible scourge for humans. The appearance of these plagues, as they were called without distinction, was generally connected to various conditions: asters, climatic changes or religious reasons. The concept of contagious, and then infectious, diseases came slowly. Variolation, i.e. transmission of ‘virulent’ matter to induce a natural disease and the immunity against it, was brought from Constantinople to England by Lady Montague, in 1721. This ‘variolation’ technique was also often performed in veterinary medicine against diseases like sheep-pox or pleuropneumonia. As ‘vaccination’ is the term generally accepted for ‘immunisation’, variolation can be the word designating such a technique. The second period of the history of immunisation began, in 1880, with the studies of Pasteur and his collaborators. A great number of bacterial vaccines were developed: dead, live but attenuated or only parts of pathogens. The viruses were produced in animals, then in eggs and at last, in tissue cultures. Second generation vaccines appeared with genetic engineering: recombinant vaccines, vector vaccines, nucleic acids vaccines, and markers vaccines, among others. These novel technologies can permit the development of new ones and improve the quality of the vaccines already existing. 相似文献