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18个抽样城市畜产品平均批发价格，羊肉最高（表1），其次是牛肉和猪肉，鸡肉最低。鸡肉地区差价最大，中部地区分别高于东、西部地区31．1％和7．9％；其次，羊肉批发价，东、西部分别高于中部6．5％和13．6％。牛奶价格东部分别高于中、西部8．29／6和27．9％。与11月相比，牛肉、羊肉、鸡肉、鸡蛋和牛奶平均价格基本持平，猪肉上涨13．9％。与2007年同期相比，牛肉和羊肉价格分别上涨15．3％和5．9％，猪肉下降9．59／5，鸡蛋下降5．39／6，而鸡肉批发价基本持平。 相似文献
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12个抽样城市畜产品平均批发价格,牛肉最高（表1）,其次是羊肉和猪肉,鸡肉最低。猪肉地区差价最大,中部分别高于东、西部23．7％和24．3％;其次,羊肉批发价,东部和西部分别高于中部21．1％和20．4％。牛奶价东部分别高于中、西部6．7％和30．4％。与10月相比,牛肉、猪肉、羊肉、鸡肉和牛奶平均价格基本持平,鸡蛋下降14．3％。与2007年同期相比,牛肉、鸡肉和羊肉价格分别高21．O%、14．2％和8．6％,猪肉下降11．5％,鸡蛋低4．0％。 相似文献
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5月国内主要畜产品与饲料价格分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
21个抽样城市畜产品肉类平均批发价格,羊肉最高（表1）,其次是牛肉和猪肉,鸡肉最低。猪肉地区差价最大,中部分别高于东、西部19．5％、12．0％;其次。鸡肉批发价西部分别高于东、中部14．8％、4．1％。与4月相比,牛肉、鸡肉和牛奶价格基本持平;而猪肉价格下降9．8％;羊肉和鸡蛋价格分别上涨4．2%和5．0％。与2008年同期相比,牛肉、羊肉和鸡蛋价格基本持平; 相似文献
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猪肉和牛奶中10种磺胺类药物残留检测超高效液相色谱法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立了猪肉和牛奶中磺胺嘧啶（SD）、磺胺噻唑（ST）、磺胺二甲嘧啶（SM2）、磺胺甲氧嗪（SMP）、磺胺氯哒嗪（SPD）、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶（SMM）、磺胺甲基异嗯唑（SM2）、磺胺氯吡嗪（Esb3）、磺胺地索辛（SDM）和磺胺喹嗯啉（SQ）共10种磺胺类药物残留检测的超高效液相色谱（UPLC）法。色谱条件：色谱柱为Acquity UPLC BEH C18柱（2．1mm×50mm,1．7μm）;流动相为50％甲醇乙腈溶液-2％乙酸水溶液,梯度洗脱;紫外检测波长270nm;柱温30℃;进样量4μL;外标法定量。结果表明：10种组分在20～1000ng／mL浓度范围内,呈良好线性关系,相关系数R^2均大于0．998;方法检出限为20ng／g,定量限为50ng／g;在猪肉和牛奶中添加浓度分别为50、100、200ng／g时,平均回收率为75．1％～99．8％,批内、批间平均RSD均小于13．2％。 相似文献
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3月国内主要畜产品与饲料价格分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
18个抽样城市畜产品肉类平均批发价格，羊肉最高（表1），其次是牛肉和猪肉，鸡肉最低。牛肉地区差价最大，中部分别高于东、西部11．6％和9．99%；其次，猪肉批发价，中部分别高于东、西部19．7％、8．09%。与2月相比，牛肉、羊肉、鸡肉和鸡蛋平均批发价基本持平，而猪肉价格下降6．7％，牛奶价格上涨3．8％。与2008年同期相比，牛肉、鸡蛋价格基本持平；而猪肉、羊肉、和鸡肉价格则分别下降26．29%、2．8％和8．5％。 相似文献
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ELISA测定乳中磺胺甲基嘧啶残留 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
以牛血清白蛋白（ＢＳＡ）为载体,合成２种不同的物质的量的比值（约１∶１３和１∶４２）的磺胺甲基嘧啶抗原,并比较了两者的免疫原性;以卵白蛋白（ＯＡ）为载体,合成１种包被抗原;用辣根过氧化物酶标记羊抗兔ＩｇＧ,工作浓度１∶１０００;建立的乳中磺胺甲基嘧啶残留ＥＬＩＳＡ测定法,抗原亲和常数分别为１．２８×１０７（１∶４２）和３．２１×１０７（１∶１３）,磺胺甲基嘧啶检测质量浓度为５～２２０μｇ／Ｌ（１．８７×１０－８～８．２×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）,检测限为２．４μｇ／Ｌ,回收率为８８％～１１８％,与磺胺二甲基嘧啶和磺胺噻唑交叉率分别为６．０％和０．８４％,与磺胺二甲氧嘧啶和磺胺脒无交叉反应 相似文献
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呋喃唑酮酶联免疫反应测试盒是利用竞争性酶联反应原理,广泛应用于水产、养殖及动物肉制品（如鸡肉、牛肉和猪肉组织）、尿样、血清、鸡蛋和蜂蜜中呋喃唑酮（AOZ）残留的定量检测。经试验证明,该试剂盒具有快速提取被测样品中违禁药物呋喃唑酮,提取时间仅需4h;高灵敏度能够检测到标准曲线中0．05ng／mL浓度的呋喃唑酮;低检测下限,能够检测到被检测饲料样品中0．1μg／kg含量的呋喃唑酮,而这个含量要低于欧盟标准要求的1μg／kg;检测过程时间短,只需要2h左右;高重复性,离散系数（CV值）≤3．5;标准曲线r≥0．9965;能够达到80％～95％以上的回收率等特点。 相似文献
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氯霉素残留检测阻断ELISA试剂盒的研制及性能测定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在建立氯霉素单克隆抗体（CAP mAb）杂交瘤细胞株和阻断ELISA方法的基础上．研制出CAP残留快速检测试剂盒（CAP-kit），并对其性能进行了测定。结果表明，CAP-kit的标准曲线呈典型的S型，符合4参数logit曲线拟合，相关系数R^2=0．9953，检测范围为1．0μg/L～128．0μg/L，灵敏度为0．85μg／L，半数抑制浓度（IC50）为7．54μg/L，检测限为1．0μg/L；牛奶样、猪肉样的平均添加回收率为88．3％、82．5％，平均批内和批间变异系数均〈15％；CAP-kit与氯霉素琥珀酸钠的交叉反应（CR％）为150％，与其它酰胺醇类和抗菌素药物无交叉反应；试剂盒在4℃可保存6个月。 相似文献
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建立了猪肉中磺胺类、氟喹诺酮类、四环素类、大环内酯类、林可胺类、硝基咪唑类、氯霉素类、解热镇痛类、抗病毒类、镇定剂类和头孢类等11类66种药物液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC—MS／MS）检测方法。样品经乙腈-甲醇（V/V,95：5）和乙腈-水（V/V,15：2）溶液分别提取后,Agela Cleanert@PEP-2固相萃取柱净化后采用UPLC—MS／MS测定,外标法定量。结果表明,猪肉中66药物检测限为O．2～5μg／kg,定量限为0．5-20μg/kg。在2～100μg/kg添加浓度范围内药物回收率在35％～140％之间,批内相对标准偏差均小于20％。本方法可实现对多种兽药的同时检测,为动物源性食品中药物残留监控提供快速、灵敏的分析手段,具有很重要的现实意义。 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
13.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
15.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
16.
Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
17.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
18.
Troxel MT Vite CH Van Winkle TJ Newton AL Tiches D Dayrell-Hart B Kapatkin AS Shofer FS Steinberg SA 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):850-859
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma. 相似文献
19.
Bazin H 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2003,26(5-6):293-308
Infectious diseases have always been a terrible scourge for humans. The appearance of these plagues, as they were called without distinction, was generally connected to various conditions: asters, climatic changes or religious reasons. The concept of contagious, and then infectious, diseases came slowly. Variolation, i.e. transmission of ‘virulent’ matter to induce a natural disease and the immunity against it, was brought from Constantinople to England by Lady Montague, in 1721. This ‘variolation’ technique was also often performed in veterinary medicine against diseases like sheep-pox or pleuropneumonia. As ‘vaccination’ is the term generally accepted for ‘immunisation’, variolation can be the word designating such a technique. The second period of the history of immunisation began, in 1880, with the studies of Pasteur and his collaborators. A great number of bacterial vaccines were developed: dead, live but attenuated or only parts of pathogens. The viruses were produced in animals, then in eggs and at last, in tissue cultures. Second generation vaccines appeared with genetic engineering: recombinant vaccines, vector vaccines, nucleic acids vaccines, and markers vaccines, among others. These novel technologies can permit the development of new ones and improve the quality of the vaccines already existing. 相似文献