2012/2013渔季CAMLR 48区南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)资源时空分布          下载免费PDF全文

李显森  张吉昌  赵宪勇  左涛  朱建成  王新良  徐国栋  孟涛  徐玉成  张鹏  应一平  孙珊 《渔业科学进展》2015,36(4):1-9

根据2013年1–9月辽宁远洋渔业有限公司“福荣海”轮南极磷虾拖网调查数据,以3n mile/h拖曳获得的产量作为CPUE指标,对南极磷虾资源时空分布进行了分析。结果显示,1–6月的月均CPUE值相对稳定,7–9月逐月下降。各渔区中平均CPUE值以48.1区最高,为(25.12±31.04) t/h;48.3区最低,为(11.49±12.06) t/h;CPUE值的波动幅度48.1区大于48.2和48.3区。48.1区的南极磷虾群主要分布于0 –100 m水层,CPUE值以25–50 m水层为最高;48.2区虾群主要分布于50–150 m水层,CPUE值以100–150 m水层最高;48.3区虾群主要分布于100–250 m水层,CPUE值以200– 250 m水层最高。海底深度<500 m的近岸海域是磷虾主要集群分布区和商业捕捞渔场,以水深<250 m的浅水区渔场虾群密度最大,平均CPUE值为(17.54±35.26) t/h,水深250–1500 m的深水区渔场平均CPUE值变化较小,在12.0–14.0 t/h之间波动,但水深>1500 m时,平均CPUE值降到(9.62±9.54) t/h。作业渔场的表温SST主要集中在－1–2℃,当SST为－1–0℃时,平均CPUE值最高。探捕调查发现了5个主要的磷虾集群,集群时间可达30 d以上,但集群密度随时间发生变化。调查结果可为研究南极磷虾渔场形成机制和渔业管理提供基础数据,并为商业捕捞提供参考。  相似文献   

Apparent digestibility coefficients of selected protein feed ingredients for loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus          下载免费PDF全文

Z.J. Chu  D.H. Yu  Y.C. Yuan  Y. Qiao  W.J. Cai  H. Shu  Y.C. Lin 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2015,21(4):425-432

Apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter, crude protein, lipid and energy, and amino acids availability in white fish meal, brown fish meal, meat meal, fermented soybean meal, soybean meal and rapeseed meal were determined for loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) (12.05 ± 0.21 g), using a reference diet with 5 g kg^?1 chromic oxide and test diets that contained 700 g kg^?1 reference diet, by weight, and 300 g kg^?1 of the test feed ingredients. The juvenile loach was held in 300‐l tanks at a density of 30 fish per tank. White fish meal, brown fish meal, meat meal and fermented soybean meal had highest apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter, crude protein and gross energy among ingredients tested, ranged from 50.4% to 60.9% for dry matter, from 64.6% to 88.4% for crude protein and from 57.9% to 79.0% for gross energy. The apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter ranged from 61.0% to 66.9% for animal products and 50.4% to 60.7% for plant products. For crude protein, apparent digestibility coefficients of protein exceeding 80% were observed for white fish meal, brown fish meal, meat meal and fermented soybean meal, and the apparent digestibility coefficients of protein in rapeseed meal were the lowest among all the treatments. Lipids from both animal and plant feedstuffs were poorly digested by loach, ranging from 64.0% to 77.6%. The apparent digestibility coefficients of energy were similar to those of dry matter and protein, and the highest and lowest ADCs of energy were found in WFM and RM, respectively. The loach used dietary phosphorus from the animal feedstuffs more efficiently than from plant feedstuffs (soybean meal and rapeseed meal), with ADC‐values ranging from 42.3% to 53.1% and from 25.1% to 32.7%, respectively. For the animal products, the availabilities of amino acids in white fish meal and brown fish meal were higher than that in meat meal, expect for Met, Asp, Pro, Gly, and Cys. Among all the plant products, the availabilities of amino acids in fermented soybean meal were higher than in soybean meal and rapeseed meal, and thus had a greater potential to be used as a dietary replacement of fish meal in loach diets.  相似文献   

福建省平鳍鳅科鱼类的研究     

李树青 《水产学报》1998,22(3):260-264

经鉴定,采自福建省龙岩市九江支流满竹溪的拟腹吸鳅属标本为一新种,依山名而定为梅花山拟腹吸鳅Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｇａｓｔｒｏｍｙｚｏｎ ｍｅｉｈｕａｓｈａｎｅｎｉｓｉ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。根据三年野外调查和鱼类标本采集,已知福建省平鳍鳅科鱼类计１８种。  相似文献   

半滑舌鳎溃疡病原杀鲑气单胞菌的分离鉴定与药敏试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周红霞  姚俊杰  房文红  李新苍  赵姝  王元  吴俣学  周俊芳 《海洋渔业》2017,39(3)

半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther)是广受我国消费者认可的名优鱼类,具有很高的营养价值和经济价值,然而,随着工厂化养殖模式的不断发展,疾病成为制约半滑舌鳎养殖业健康发展的关键因素,其中,体表溃疡病为其常见病症。从严重溃疡病半滑舌鳎体内分离到1株优势菌株HX0416,该菌可在TCBS培养基上生长,并可在绵羊血平板上形成清晰的β-溶血环;经过16S rRNA和rpo D基因序列同源性分析并结合生化特性鉴定为杀鲑气单胞菌(Aeromonas salmonicida)。健康半滑舌鳎幼鱼感染试验表明,该菌对半滑舌鳎具有较强致病性,感染72 h(1.04×106cfu·m L-1)对攻毒鱼的致死率达91.7%。药敏试验结果显示,该菌对环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、诺氟沙星等喹诺酮类和头孢曲松、头孢吡肟等头孢菌素类药物比较敏感,而对硫酸新霉素、土霉素等氨基糖苷类和四环素类药物多重耐药,尤其是对磺胺甲噁唑、氨苄西林等磺胺类和β-内酰胺类药物严重耐药。  相似文献   

基于有限混合模型的山东海域口虾蛄群体体长结构分析     

耿玉玲  张崇良  栾静  徐宾铎  薛莹  任一平 《水产学报》2020,44(10):1663-1675

个体大小是渔业资源种群的重要结构特征,一般研究中采用平均个体体长或平均体质量等分析指标,难以充分反应具有多年龄结构和个体生长速度差异的种群组成差异。为研究口虾蛄个体大小组成的时空变化,实验根据山东海域2016年10月和2017年1、5、8月的底拖网调查数据,应用有限混合模型分析了不同性别、不同时间、不同水深口虾蛄个体大小的频率分布特征。结果发现,除秋季外,山东海域口虾蛄均可区分为高、低两个年龄组,同时雌雄体长分布具有一定的差异。从冬季到夏季,雌性口虾蛄中低龄组个体比例先下降后上升,雄性口虾蛄低龄比例则逐渐下降。就不同水深而言,口虾蛄低龄组个体主要集中在近海海域,其比例由近海向远海逐渐减小。各年龄组的近远海分布表现出季节性差异,春季高龄口虾蛄在近海比例最大,由近海向远海比例逐渐减小;夏季高龄组口虾蛄在20～30 m水深比例最大;冬季高龄组口虾蛄比例则由近海向远海逐渐增加。有限混合模型能够较好地对口虾蛄的体长结构进行分析,解析口虾蛄不同年龄组在山东海域的时空分布,对于深入了解口虾蛄种群分布动态和科学的渔业管理具有重要意义。  相似文献   

中国大陆沿海六水系绒螯蟹(中华绒螯蟹和日本绒螯蟹)群体亲缘关系:RAPD指纹标记   总被引：20，自引：3，他引：20  

李思发  邹曙明 《水产学报》1999,(4)

用 4 8个具有丰富多态性的 10碱基随机引物对辽河、黄河、长江、瓯江、珠江和南流江的中华绒螯蟹和日本绒螯蟹的 6个群体进行RAPD分析。结果发现 :(1)两个引物具有群体特异性带 ,其中Z2扩增的 880bp片段为珠江蟹和南流江蟹群体中所特有 ,而 70 0bp片段为长江蟹、辽河蟹、黄河蟹和瓯江蟹所特有 ,可作为区别日本绒螯蟹和中华绒螯蟹的分子遗传标记 ;(2 )Opp17扩增的 94 7bp片段的出现频率 ,在长江、黄河和辽河群体显著地从南到北递减 ,长江蟹 87.50 %、黄河蟹4 1.66%、辽河蟹 10 .83%。这一遗传渐变的度量可作为区别这三个水系的中华绒螯蟹种群的判据 ;(3) 6水系群体内的平均遗传相似度依次为 :辽河蟹 0 .90 8>南流江蟹 0 .897>瓯江蟹和珠江蟹 0 .895>黄河蟹 0 .890 >长江蟹 0 .850 ;6群体间遗传距离及其UPGMA、NJ聚类分析进一步表明 ,南流江蟹、珠江蟹同长江蟹、辽河蟹及黄河蟹在基因组之间存在明显的歧化。  相似文献   

中国对虾养成期间虾池水体和底质中细菌含量的变化   总被引：34，自引：2，他引：34  

高尚德  陈旭仁  吴以平 《水产学报》1994,18(2):138-142

中国对虾养成期间虾池水体和底质中细菌含量的变化高尚德，陈旭仁，吴以平（青岛海洋大学，２６６００３）（青岛教育学院，２６６００１）关键词养虾池，细菌数量，变化ＶＡＲＩＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＯＴＡＬＢＡＣＴＥＲＩＡＮＵＭＢＥＲＩＮＳＨＲＩＭＰＰＯＮＤＷＡＴＥＲ...  相似文献   

Effects of fruit bagging on coloring and related physiology,and qualities of red Chinese sand pears during fruit maturation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Chunhui Huang  Bo Yu  Yuanwen Teng  Jun Su  Qun Shu  Zaiquan Cheng  Liqiong Zeng 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

Red Chinese sand pears (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) are particular to China. In order to determine the effects of fruit bagging treatments (including bag types, bag removal patterns and dates) on fruit qualities and to understand the mechanism of coloring of red Chinese sand pears, two experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, fruit of ‘Meirensu’ were firstly covered by light-impermeable paper bags with different levels of light permeable liners during their early development stage, then, the whole bag were/not removed or only the outer layer of bags were removed 3, 2 or 1 weeks before harvest. Thus, the fruit were/not totally re-exposed or were under different levels of sunlight transmission (80.31% or 34.71%). Non-bagged fruit were used as the control. Bagging treatments significantly affected the concentration of anthocyanin and the visual qualities of pear fruit. Compared to control, fruit re-exposed totally for 2 or 3 weeks accumulated the largest amount of anthocyanin and fruit receiving 80.31% and 34.71% of sunlight for 1–3 weeks could synthesize a little anthocyanin, indicating that high light intensity is imperative for coloring in red Chinese sand pears. Bagging treatments did not affect contents of total soluble sugars, but decreased organic acids contents in fruit. In the second experiment, fruit of ‘Meirensu’ and ‘Yunhongli No. 1’ were covered with only one type of light-impermeable bag during the early development stage and totally re-exposed after the bag removal 15 days before harvest. Fruit were then collected at different intervals to trace the time-course of coloring, and related physiology and inner qualities. With increasing time after the bag removal, the concentration of chlorophyll, carotenoid, flavonoid and total phenols changed little, but the concentration of anthocyanin accumulated extremely fast within 10 days after the bag removal in both cultivars and thereafter kept constant. ‘Yunhongli No. 1’ had higher anthocyanin contents and lower hue angle than ‘Meirensu’, indicating a higher potential of anthocyanin synthesis. After the bag removal, the sucrose contents and PAL activities increased gradually and correlation analysis revealed that they were highly correlated with anthocyanin accumulation in two cultivars. This study suggests that anthocyanin biosynthesis in red Chinese sand pears is a highly light dependent process and modified by genotypes. Based on the current results, in order to obtain red Chinese sand pear fruit with attractive appearance and good inner qualities, fruit must be covered with light-impermeable bags at the early stage of fruit development and the bag should be removed totally at least 10 days before harvest.  相似文献   

黄瓜根际促生菌的促生效应与防病作用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

饶毅萍 《长江蔬菜》2009,(14)

对黄瓜植物根际促生菌(PGPR)菌株的分离筛选、分类鉴定以及人们对其促生防病作用的应用和防病机制的研究现状进行了综述,以期为新型PGPR制剂的进一步研制、开发和应用提供参考.  相似文献   

草方格铺设机器人多体动力学仿真与试   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

刘晋浩  潘海兵  舒庆 《农业机械学报》2009,40(6):153-157

采用Pro/E和ADAMS软件相结合的方法,建立了草方格铺设机器人动力学模型,同时探讨了二者联合建模仿真的一般步骤.模型添加必要的边界条件后,对纵向压轮和横向插刀正常动作时的草方格铺设机器人振动状态进行了仿真.通过仿真,得到了牵引车、纵向铺设机构、横向铺设机构、纵向压轮和横向插刀质心的位移、速度以及加速度曲线.分析了这些曲线出现波动的原因,为进一步的优化提供了数据.通过试验,得到实际状态下的试验曲线,并与仿真曲线进行对照,证实了草方格铺设机器人仿真模型和仿真结果的合理性和可靠性.  相似文献