The effect of calcium and phosphorus supplementation on bone metabolism in young, mature, and aged horses during inactivity and subsequent aerobic training     

B.J. Mansell MS  L.A. Baker PhD  J.L. Pipkin PhD  G.D. Potter PhD  R.C. Bachman MS  L.J. Perino PhD  DVM  G.O. Veneklasen DVM  J.C. Haliburton PhD  DVM  M.A. Buchholz-Bryant MS 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2001,21(9)

An experiment was performed to determine the effects of Ca and P supplementation, inactivity, and subsequent aerobic exercise on bone metabolism in young, mature, and aged horses. Twelve stock-type geldings were blocked into three groups: 2 and 3, 7 to 11, and 15 to 21 years of age. Horses within age groups were evenly divided and randomly assigned to one of two dietary treatments; control (C) or Ca and P supplementation (T). Horses consuming C and T received about 133% and 275% of National Research Council (NRC) requirements for Ca and P, respectively. The trial consisted of eight 21-day periods. During periods I, II, and III, all horses were inactive and received no forced exercise. During periods IV, V, VI, VII, and VIII, all horses were placed on an ascending aerobic exercise regimen. Blood samples were taken at the beginning of period I and at 21-day intervals thereafter to determine serum concentrations of osteocalcin (OST) and type I carboxyterminal telopeptide (ICTP). Dorsal-palmar and lateral-medial radiographs were taken of the left third metacarpal at the beginning of period I and at 21-day intervals thereafter to monitor changes in bone densities, as indicated by radiographic bone aluminum equivalencies (RBAE). Mean serum OST was affected by age (P < .004) and the interaction of time and age (P < .006). Mean serum ICTP was affected by age (P < .001), time (P < .001), the interaction of time and age (P < .001); and the interaction of time and treatment (P < .05). There was an effect of treatment on overall mean medial (MRBAE; P < .04) and total (TRBAE; P < .04) RBAE. Overall mean dorsal RBAE (DRBAE; P < .001), palmar RBAE (PRBAE; P < .003), lateral RBAE (LRBAE; P < .001), MRBAE (P < .001), normalized MRBAE (P < .001), TRBAE (P < .05), and normalized TRBAE (P < .05) were affected by time. There was an effect of the interaction of time and age on overall mean DRBAE (P < .05), LRBAE (P < .002), MRBAE (P < .02), normalized MRBAE (P < .02), TRBAE (P < .005), and normalized TRBAE (P < .005). Overall mean DRBAE (P < .02) and PRBAE (P < .001) were affected by the interaction of time, treatment, and age. Biochemical and radiographic data from this experiment indicate that dietary Ca and P supplementation may affect bone remodeling in aerobically exercised horses of varying ages following a period of inactivity. Furthermore, the data indicate that bone in horses of varying ages responds differently to inactivity and exercise.  相似文献   

An outbreak of severe tracheobronchitis in racing greyhounds in New Zealand     

KA Potter  C Morley  D Angove  AC Johnstone 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(1)

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Fungal disease in reptiles     

CJ Harvey  KD McSporran  RM Jakob-Hoff  JS Potter  SD Shaw 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(2)

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Possible adverse reaction to droncit in a miniature poodle     

John Potter 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(7)

Abstract

Extract

Madam:— The N.Z.V.A. Nominee on the National Hydatids Council, Mr Peter Malone, in his annual report states that he knows of “no professional concerns that would allow certificates to be issued to exempt dogs from dosing with droncit, and on receipt of copies of such certificates will continue to forward them to the Veterinary Council to examine for disciplinary action”. (1 1985. Report of the N.Z.V.A. Nominee on the National Hydatids Council: N.Z.V.A. Annual Report 43–43.  [Google Scholar] In September 1985 I examined a nine year old miniature poodle dog that had been dosed with droncit by a hydatids control officer two hours previously. The dog had collapsed into lateral recumbancy, was pale and cyanotic with a rectal temperature of 37.3°C. Cardiac and thoracic auscultation was normal, and no other abnormal clinical signs were detected. There was no previous history of similar episodes and the dog has been dosed with droncit several times beforehand without problems. The dog was treated with betamethasone and millophylline and made a full recovery within 48 hours.  相似文献   

Evidence of biotic resistance to invasions in forests of the Eastern USA     

Basil V. Iannone III  Kevin M. Potter  Kelly-Ann Dixon Hamil  Whitney Huang  Hao Zhang  Qinfeng Guo  Christopher M. Oswalt  Christopher W. Woodall  Songlin Fei 《Landscape Ecology》2016,31(1):85-99

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Tracking the long-term decline and recovery of an isolated population     

RL Westemeier  JD Brawn  SA Simpson  TL Esker  RW Jansen  JW Walk  EL Kershner  JL Bouzat  KN Paige 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,282(5394):1695-1698

Effects of small population size and reduced genetic variation on the viability of wild animal populations remain controversial. During a 35-year study of a remnant population of greater prairie chickens, population size decreased from 2000 individuals in 1962 to fewer than 50 by 1994. Concurrently, both fitness, as measured by fertility and hatching rates of eggs, and genetic diversity declined significantly. Conservation measures initiated in 1992 with translocations of birds from large, genetically diverse populations restored egg viability. Thus, sufficient genetic resources appear to be critical for maintaining populations of greater prairie chickens.  相似文献   

Characterization of changes related to mineral balance and bone metabolism in the young racing Quarter Horse     

B.D. Nielsen PhD  G.D. Potter PhD  L.W. Greene PhD  E.L. Morris DVM  M. Murray-Gerzik MS  W.B. Smith PhD  M.T. Martin DVM 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1998,18(3):190-200

This study was conducted to determine physiologic responses reflective of bone metabolism during the onset of training and to relate those responses to the mineral requirements of young racehorses. Ten previously untrained Quarter Horse geldings were put into race training. They were fed a diet balanced to meet NRC recommendations for young horses in training. Feed, feces and urine were collected, weighed and analyzed over the experiment to determine mineral balance. Radiographs were taken of the left front leg to determine mineral content of a cross-sectional area of the third metacarpal. Blood samples were taken to determine osteocalcin, parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, Ca and inorganic P concentrations. Horses were gentled to ride, trained to gallop on the track and maintained in training for four 28-day periods. Blood serum was collected every 14 day, while radiographs and 72-hr total collections of urine and feces were taken every 28 d. Radiographs demonstrated that mineral content was lowest at day 56 in the dorsal, palmar and medial cortices of the third metacarpal. Urinary Ca declined dramatically from day 0 to day 28, then remained constant to day 56, before decreasing at day 84. Fecal Ca peaked at day 28 and remained elevated above day 0 amounts until day 112. calcium retention was negative at day 0, became slightly positive by day 28 and increased through day 112. Phosphorus and Mg balance remained relatively unchanged throughout the duration of the study. This study demon-strated changes in the mineral content of the third metacarpal and Ca balance during early training and suggests that further studies be performed.  相似文献   

Pathogenesis of porcine Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia, part II: roles of proinflammatory cytokines.          下载免费PDF全文

H Huang  A A Potter  M Campos  F A Leighton  P J Willson  D M Haines    W D Yates 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1999,63(1):69-78

The in vitro production of proinflammatory cytokines after stimulation with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and the relation of these cytokines in vivo with the disease caused by A. pleuropneumoniae were investigated. Within 24 h, in vitro stimulation by A. pleuropneumoniae (serotype 1) preparations, including killed bacteria, bacterial culture supernatant, lipopolysaccharide, and bacterial extracts, porcine pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM) produced significant (P < 0.05) amounts of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) as measured by bioassays. The supernatants containing interleukin-8 from PAM after stimulation by bacterial preparations showed significant neutrophil chemotaxis, while bacterial preparations alone did not. After in vivo infection with A. pleuropneumoniae, the mean levels of TNF-alpha and IL-1 in serum, as measured by bioassays, were elevated 37- to 27836-fold for TNF-alpha and 11- to 5941-fold higher for IL-1 within 4 d post-infection, depending on the treatments, and remained elevated up to Day 7. Both cytokines were also detected in porcine lungs by bioassays and immunocytochemistry. The results indicated that both secreted and surface components of A. pleuropneumoniae can stimulate PAM to produce proinflammatory mediators. Neutrophil chemoattractants rather than bacterial components are the major factor causing acute lung inflammation. The elevation of TNF-alpha and IL-1 in pigs occurred coincident with the onset of acute clinical disease.  相似文献   

Mitoxantrone and cyclophosphamide combination chemotherapy for the treatment of various canine malignancies.     

C J Henry  M S Buss  K A Potter  K J Wardrop 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》1999,35(3):236-239

Thirteen dogs with histopathologically confirmed malignancies were treated with mitoxantrone and cyclophosphamide combination therapy. One to four doses were administered at 21-day intervals. Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was administered to ameliorate myelosuppression in dogs with neutrophil nadirs less than 1,000/microl. While the protocol appears to be safe for use in tumor-bearing dogs, an advantage over mitoxantrone single-agent protocols in terms of tumor response was not demonstrated in this initial pilot study.  相似文献   

Potential impact of weedy Brassicaceae species on oil and meal quality of oilseed rape (canola) in Australia          下载免费PDF全文

P A Salisbury  T D Potter  A M Gurung  R J Mailer  W M Williams 《Weed Research》2018,58(3):200-209

Brassicaceae weeds are a widespread problem in Australian oilseed rape crops. The weeds not only compete for resources during crop growth, but also have the potential to reduce both oil and meal quality of the harvested crop. This study investigated oil and meal quality of weedy species from the Brassicaceae family that were collected throughout cropping regions of Australia. Eighty‐nine lines from 19 species were grown and evaluated in the same environment for their potential to contaminate Australian oilseed rape seed lots. Seed and flowering characteristics of each species were also examined. The glucosinolate concentration of most of the weedy species was greater than 100 μmol g^?1 of oil‐free meal, well above the threshold for meeting oilseed rape quality. Erucic acid content of 18 of the 19 weedy species also exceeded the oilseed rape quality standard of less than 2% erucic acid. This study highlights the potential of the weedy species to reduce the quality of Australian oilseed rape crops.  相似文献