RGO/Nylon-6 composite mat with unique structural features and electrical properties obtained from electrospinning and hydrothermal process     

Hem Raj Pant  Bishweshwar Pant  Chan Hee Park  Han Joo Kim  Dong Su Lee  Leonard D. Tijing  Bo Sang Hwang  Hak Yong Kim  Cheol Sang Kim 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(6):970-975

In this work, the reduced graphene oxide (RGO) sheets were effectively uploaded through nylon-6 fibers using combined process of electrospinning and hydrothermal treatment. Good dispersion of graphene oxide (GO) with nylon-6 solution could allow to upload GO sheets through nylon-6 fibers and facilitate the formation of spider-wave-like nano-nets during electrospinning. GO sheets present on/into nylon-6 spider-wave-like nano-nets were further reduced to RGO using hydrothermal treatment. The impregnated GO sheets into nylon-6 nanofibers and their reduction during hydrothermal treatment were confirmed by FE-SEM, TEM, FT-IR and Raman spectra. The electrical characteristics of pristine nylon-6, GO/nylon-6 and RGO/nylon-6 nanofibers were investigated and it was found that RGO/nylon-6 composite mat had better electrical conductivity than others. The formation of spider-wave-like nano-nets as well as indirect route of incorporation of RGO sheets on electrospun nylon-6 mat may open a new direction for future graphene/polymer electronics.  相似文献   

Culture results from milk samples submitted to veterinary diagnostic laboratories from August 2003 to December 2006 in New Zealand     

KR Petrovski  NB Williamson  N Lopez-Villalobos  TJ Parkinson  IG Tucker 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):317-322

Abstract

AIMS: To determine the pattern of isolation of major mastitis-causing organisms isolated from milk samples submitted to five veterinary diagnostic laboratories in New Zealand.

METHODS: The culture results of 25,288 milk samples that were collected from dairy cows throughout New Zealand from August 2003 to December 2006 and submitted to a group of veterinary diagnostic laboratories were assembled, reviewed and summarised. Logistic regression was used to analyse the effect of year, region (i.e. North vs South Island), and season on the probability of isolating the two most common organisms.

RESULTS: The most commonly isolated mastitis causing organisms from all samples were: Streptococcus uberis (23.6%), Staphylococcus aureus (23.5%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS; 7.2%), Strep. dysgalactiae (6.2%), Bacillus spp. (4.0%), and coliforms (3.7%). The percentage of samples with isolates of Strep. uberis or Staph. aureus was affected by island, year and season (p<0.001). For most of the year, except in late winter and early spring when Strep. uberis was much more common, the percentage of isolates of Strep. uberis and Staph. aureus were not apparently different despite the former being an environmental pathogen and the other a contagious one.

CONCLUSION: The pattern of isolation of major mastitis-causing organisms, as determined from culture of milk samples submitted to diagnostic laboratories in New Zealand, has changed significantly over the last 40 years, with a substantial increase in the percentage of isolates that are Strep. uberis and a decrease in isolates of Strep. agalactiae. There is a clear seasonal pattern to the isolation of both Strep. uberis and Staph. aureus, particularly the former.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Knowledge of the aetiological agents causing bovine mastitis on a farm is of value in determining the choice of treatment. This dataset shows that, although there is seasonal pattern to the isolation of mastitis-causing organisms in New Zealand, both Strep. uberis and Staph. aureus are isolated throughout the year, so bacteriology is of value in determining aetiology even in late winter/early spring.  相似文献   

新城疫病毒ClassⅠ强毒株磷蛋白在细胞中的表达与定位   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

程靖华  孙英杰  陈鸿军  仇旭升  宋翠萍  于圣青  吴艳涛  丁铲 《中国动物传染病学报》2013,(1):17-22

根据Class Ⅰ新城疫病毒分离株9a5b编码序列设计特异性引物扩增P蛋白基因,原核表达后利用纯化的蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠制备单克隆抗体,经二次亚克隆后筛选到4株针对P蛋白的单克隆抗体,利用所得单抗进行P蛋白在细胞内定位分析,NDV 9a5b株按5 M.O.I感染量接种DF1单层细胞,当PI=4 h时,P蛋白呈点状弥散分布于细胞浆内;PI=6~8 h时,P蛋白聚集于细胞核周围;PI=12 h时,P蛋白呈单极化聚集于细胞核一侧;而PI=16 h后开始形成合胞体,P蛋白在单个细胞中仍呈现单极分布;当PI=48 h时,细胞核已发生碎裂,荧光强度有所减弱。本研究为深入开展P蛋白在病毒增殖以及细胞周期中的作用机制研究奠定了基础。  相似文献   

青杄功能性状及其在各器官间分配格局的时空变化     

马慧晶  杨秀清  冯帆  梁楠  史婵  闫海冰 《西北林学院学报》2019,(5):73-78

为研究青杄在不同环境和发育阶段的适应性和生存策略,以关帝山典型森林分布区的青杄(Piceawilsonii)为对象,分析其叶片鲜干比、叶面积、叶绿素和C、N、P含量等重要功能性状在不同年龄(5、15、25、35、45a)和不同海拔梯度(1760、1820、1880、1940、2000m)上的变化,以及C、N、P在各器官间分配格局随年龄和海拔的时空变化。结果表明:1)随树龄的增加,青杄叶面积、叶鲜干比呈增大趋势,叶P和根P含量呈下降趋势,叶有机碳含量下调,但根有机碳在上调。2)随海拔增加,叶绿素、叶面积显著增加,叶有机碳呈下降趋势,而根有机碳在增加。叶、枝、根中的N、P含量均呈先增加后减小趋势,相比之下,N、P随海拔的变化较有机碳更为显著。3)随树龄增加,C、N、P在各器官间分配格局表现为:P在幼年时于叶、根中分配比例相对较大,成年时主要集中在枝中。在研究的5~45a范围内,N分配呈叶>枝>根的稳定格局,未随年龄而显著变化。有机碳则在各器官呈近乎均匀分配的基础上随年龄增加根中比例略有增大,相反叶中比例略有下降。C、N、P并未随海拔增加呈现各器官间分配格局上的显著变化。青杄各功能性状随年龄和海拔变化并通过在各器官间相互关联和协调分配来增强其生态适应性。  相似文献   

An artificial inoculation protocol for Uromycladium acaciae,cause of a serious disease of Acacia mearnsii in southern Africa     

Stuart Fraser  Alistair R McTaggart  Julian Moreno Chan  Thobile Nxumalo  Louise S Shuey  Michael J Wingfield 《Southern Forests》2019,81(1):85-90

Uromycladium acaciae is the cause of a severe wattle rust epidemic in plantations of Acacia mearnsii (black wattle) in southern Africa. Research on the biology of this damaging rust is assisting in the development of control strategies. One strategy under investigation is the identification and deployment of resistant lines of A. mearnsii. Selection of resistant families currently relies on large-scale, time-consuming and expensive field trials. In this study, we present a detailed artificial inoculation protocol for U. acaciae, which can be used to screen for resistance. The results of an experiment that used the protocol to screen the relative resistance of 12 families of A. mearnsii to U. acaciae are also presented. The developed artificial inoculation protocol can also be used to investigate several other aspects of this host–pathogen system.  相似文献   

鸡TIGAR基因真核表达质粒的构建及其抗凋亡功能评价     

栗永华  车路平  仇旭升  谭磊  孙英杰  刘炜炜  宋翠萍  廖瑛  丁铲  王金泉  孟春春 《中国农业科学》2019,52(6):1102-1109

【背景】 TP53诱导的糖酵解和凋亡调节因子（TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator,TIGAR）是p53下游的靶基因,具有调节糖酵解水平和去除活性氧（Reactive oxygen species,ROS）并降低由活性氧诱发的细胞凋亡水平。【目的】 构建鸡源TIGAR基因的真核表达质粒,并检测TIGAR基因在DF1细胞中的抗凋亡作用,为建立稳定表达鸡TIGAR基因的细胞系做准备。【方法】根据GenBank（登录号：XM_417232.6）中预测基因设计引物,利用RT-PCR的方法从SPF鸡脾脏中扩增鸡TIGAR基因,将扩增产物克隆至载体（Flag-CMV14）后送公司测序验证;随后构建进化树对鸡TIGAR基因与其他哺乳动物及水生动物的TIGAR基因进行同源性分析。将重组质粒（Flag-TIGAR）转染入DF1细胞24 h后,使用新城疫病毒诱导细胞凋亡,利用Western Blot检测重组质粒表达情况以及Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase（PARP）裂解情况。此外还将重组质粒（Flag-TIGAR）转染入DF1细胞,并于收样前2 h使用Staurosporine刺激细胞发生凋亡,分别在转染后24、48 h收集样品,并用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡情况。【结果】 RT-PCR扩增TIGAR基因,在843 bp处出现目的条带与预测相符,构建的TIGAR真核表达质粒（Flag-TIGAR）经测序,结果显示其序列与GenBank上预测的基本一致。Western Blot结果显示在30 h、36 h收集的样品中PARP均被裂解且转染重组质粒（Flag-TIGAR）的实验组与未转染质粒（MOCK）组或转染空载体（Flag-CMV14）组的样品相比,裂解的PARP表达量明显降低,且差异极显著（P<0.01）。流式结果显示：24 h 检测转染Flag-CMV14后细胞总凋亡率为11%（早期凋亡7.8%,晚期凋亡3.2%）,而转染Flag-TIGAR后细胞总凋亡率仅为4%（早期凋亡3.7%,晚期凋亡0.3%）,转染Flag-CMV14的早期凋亡率和晚期凋亡率均高于转染Flag-TIGAR组,且差异显著（P<0.05）。48 h转染Flag-CMV14后细胞总凋亡率为20.3%（早期凋亡14.3%,晚期凋亡6.0%）,而转染Flag-TIGAR后细胞总凋亡率为6.4%（早期凋亡4.8%,晚期凋亡1.6%）,转染Flag-CMV14组的细胞早期凋亡和晚期凋亡率均高于转染Flag-TIGAR的组,且差异极显著（P<0.01）。【结论】成功扩增出鸡TIGAR基因,并构建了其真核表达质粒,通过Western Blot和流式实验均证实过表达TIGAR后可降低细胞的凋亡程度并有利于细胞存活。  相似文献   

“稻—小龙虾”连作生态种养技术     

杨飞翔  黄璜  陈灿  梁玉刚  吕广动 《作物研究》2019,(1):66-69

稻虾连作作为一种绿色高效的农业生产模式,提高了土地资源利用率,产出的小龙虾品质更优,同时生产出绿色稻米,也解决了低湖田因惧怕洪涝威胁而长时间闲置的问题,技术简单可行,能达到稻丰虾肥的效果。介绍了稻虾田标准池田建设、小龙虾高产养殖技术和水稻高产栽培技术。  相似文献   

Residual patterns of alkyl polyoxyethylene surfactant droplets after water evaporation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Pierce SM  Chan KB  Zhu H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(1):213-219

Using a nonionic, alkyl polyoxyethylene surfactant (X-77) in aqueous solutions, sessile droplet spreading, pinning, evaporation, contraction, and post-evaporation deposits are characterized. X-77 is widely used in the agricultural field as a spreader/adherent, intended to optimize pathenogenic agent coverage. Using a single droplet size under monitored temperature conditions, we control humidity, substrate hydrophobicity, and surfactant concentration to mimic varying agricultural conditions. For hydrophilic surfaces, the droplet spreads, reaching and retaining a maximum, stationary size. At this stage, a ring accretion occurs at the maximum spread diameter. During the final stage, the water film retracts, resulting in deposition of small islands of surfactant residue inside the ring. At lower concentrations of surfactant, we discover ring formations that break-up into "ring islands" at late-stage evaporation, accompanied by a distribution of the smaller islands in the interior portion of the substrate contact area. These are promoted by higher relative humidity. At higher concentrations, only a solid ring of surfactant remains, post-evaporation. Increasing surfactant concentration tends to increase the mean of the interior island size and to broaden the overall island size distribution. On sufficiently hydrophobic surfaces, surfactant-laden droplets do not evidence pinning, ring formations, or post-evaporation interior islands. Interestingly, lower humidity increases spreading at higher surfactant concentrations. Such pattern formations of surfactant deposit are reported for the first time and are of significance in projecting how surfactants such as X-77 distribute pesticides or other chemicals on leaf surfaces.  相似文献   

Worldwide genotyping of castor bean germplasm (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Ricinus communis</Emphasis> L.) using AFLPs and SSRs     

Gerard Allan  Amber Williams  Pablo D. Rabinowicz  Agnes P. Chan  Jacques Ravel  Paul Keim 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(3):365-378

Worldwide genetic diversity in 200 individuals comprising 41 castor bean accessions was assessed using amplified fragment polymorphisms (AFLPs) and simple sequence repeats (SSRs). We found that, despite surveying five continents and 35 countries, genetic diversity in castor bean germplasm is relatively low (overall H _e = 0.126 for AFLPs and 0.188 for SSRs) compared to estimates of genetic diversity in other plant species. Our data also show no geographic structuring of genotypes across continents or countries within continents. An assessment of the congruence between AFLP and SSRs indicates a low correlation (R ² = 0.19) between the two data sets, but each marker class nonetheless shows similar patterns of low-genetic diversity and a lack of geographic structure. Our data do suggest that SSRs yield a higher percentage of polymorphic loci, higher heterozyosity and a greater range of genetic distances, and are therefore more informative than are AFLPs on a locus-by-locus basis. Based on comparisons with numerous other plant species, we suggest that the lower genetic variation in this worldwide collection may be due to one or more factors including: sampling strategies that have not captured the full extent of genetic variation in the species; artifactual variation due to long-term germplasm storage and seed regeneration; or intense selection followed by domestic cultivation of a limited number of castor bean genotypes, which are widely propagated for their horticultural and agro-economic value.  相似文献   

Optimization of Stachydrine Hydrochloride in Leonurus Extraction Method by HPLC-ELSD     

WANG Rui  CHU Xiu-ling  SU Jian-qing  ZHANG Min  DING Chan 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(3):707-713

The study was aimed to extract stachydrine hydrochloride in leonurus by HPLC-ELSD,and establish hydrochloride stachydrine determination methods for providing theoretical basis of leonurus extraction process optimization.The chromatographic conditions:venusil HILIC hydrophilic column;Mobile phase was acetonitrile -0.2% acetic acid solution (volume ratio 80:20);The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min;And the column temperature was 30 ℃;The detector was ELSD and drift tube temperature was 80 ℃ with the atomization chamber temperature 50 ℃ and carrier gas volume flow 1.0000 mL/min.The results showed that there was a good linear relationship when the stachydrine hydrochloride content was 0.49 to 4.91 μg (R²=0.9993);There was the highest rate of active ingredients extraction of when the extraction time was 1 h,material to water ratio was 20:1 and extracted for 2 times.Combined with production practice,the final optimization scheme was that the extraction time was 1.5 h,material to water ratio was 20:1 and extracted for 2 times.In summary,the determination of stachydrine hydrochloride in leonurus should use HPLC-ELSD method which had high specificity,good stability,response and reproducibility and easy to handle.This method could provide the theoretical basis for optimizing the leonurus extraction process.  相似文献