Investigations on side-effects of the mixed biocide GCSC-BtA on different predators of Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lep., Plutellidae) in southeastern China     

B. Liu  C. Sengonca 《Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde》2002,79(1):57-61

The present paper deals with laboratory studies on side-effects of the mixed biocide GCSC-BtA on Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lep., Plutellidae) and its predators, e.g. Amblyseius longispinosus (Evans) (Acari, Phytoseiidae), Erigonidium graminicola (Sundvall) (Araneae, Linyphiidae), Orius similis Zheng (Het., Anthocoridae) and Coccinella septempunctata L.(Col., Coccinellidae), in comparison to the commercial insecticides, e.g. Abamectin, Tebufenozide, Dichlorvos, Cartap and Lambda-cyhalothrin.The results showed that GCSC-BtA was highly toxic to the 3^rd instar of P. xylostella with 91.18% mortality, followed by Cartap with 84.38%, Abamectin with 78.00%, Tebufenozide with 75.57%, Lambda-cyhalothrin with 63.75% and Dichlorvos with 50.86% mortality. On the other hand, GCSC-BtA was found to be comparatively less toxic to the predators, causing 31.11%, 13.33%, 11.54% and 6.00% mortalities in A. longispinosus, E. graminicola, O. similis and C. septempunctata, respectively. For comparison, the mortalities recorded for Abamectin, Tebufenozide, Dichlorvos, Cartap, Lambda-cyhalothrin were 72.94%, 55.55%, 70.00%, 53.26% and 98.85% in A. longispinosus, 46.51%, 55.10%, 60.00%, 46.00% and 73.68% in E. graminicola, 22.00%, 16.00%, 35.71%, 26.78% and 81.03% in O. similis, 15.55%, 19.64%, 28.00%, 16.66% and 41.79% in C. septempunctata, respectively.  相似文献   

Dermal pharmacokinetics of the insecticide furathiocarb in rats     

Liu KH  Sung HJ  Lee HK  Song BH  Ihm YB  Kim K  Lee HS  Kim JH 《Pest management science》2002,58(1):57-62

The pharmacokinetics of furathiocarb were studied in vivo in male Sprague-Dawley rats following dermal treatment. HPLC and post-column derivatization were used for the analysis of furathiocarb and its metabolites (carbofuran, 3-hydroxycarbofuran and 3-ketocarbofuran). Carbofuran and 3-hydroxycarbofuran were detected in plasma and urine rather than furathiocarb. 3-Ketocarbofuran, another potential metabolite, was not observed in any sample. The concentration of carbofuran was higher than that of 3-hydroxycarbofuran in plasma, but the reverse was the case in urine. The corresponding area under the plasma concentration-time curve, Tmax, and Cmax values of carbofuran and 3-hydroxycarbofuran for 1500 mg kg-1 doses were 2.4-8.0 mg equiv hml-1, 12 h and 0.1-0.4 mg equiv ml-1, respectively. T1/2 was calculated only for 3-hydroxycarbofuran (28 h). Two metabolites were excreted in a dose-dependent manner without saturation.  相似文献   

Effect of GCSC-BtA biocide on population dynamics of cabbage pests and their natural enemies from fields in southeastern China     

C. Sengonca  B. Liu 《Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde》2002,75(2):46-50

The present paper deals with the effect of the biocide GCSC-BtA on population dynamics of cabbage pests, i.e., Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lep., Plutellidae), Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Hom., Aphididae), Liriomyza sativae Blanch. (Dip., Agromyzidae), Phyllotreta vittata Fabric. (Col., Chrysomelidae) and their natural enemies, i.e., Apanteles plutellae Kurdj. (Hym., Braconidae), Erigonidium graminicola (Sundv.) (Araneida, Linyphiidae), Coccinella septempunctata L. (Col., Coccinellidae), in common head cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) fields in the southeastern China. The experiments were conducted at the experimental farm of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, PR China in April–June, 2001.The results showed that, at the end of sampling, the pest populations of P. xylostella, B. brassicae and P. vittata reached averages of 39.7, 68.3 and 6.2 ind. / 30 plants in the plot treated with GCSC-BtA, which were about 1.5, 11 and 0.7 times lower than those treated with methomyl, respectively. In contrast, the natural enemy populations were, on average, 23.5 ind./30 plants for A. plutellae, 24.6 ind./30 plants for E. graminicol and 12.2 ind./30 plants for C. septempunctata in the plot treated with GCSC-BtA, about 6, 5 and 3 times higher than for those treated with methomyl, respectively. The GCSC-BtA biocide demonstrated greater effectiveness in controlling the cabbage pests, e.g., P. xylostella, B. brassicae and P. vittata, having final decreasing ratios of 83.60, 97.05 and 53.67% compared to 57.63, 64.89 and 30.88% with the methomyl insecticide. However, it was less toxic to natural enemies, e.g., A. plutellae, E. graminicola and C. septempunctata, final decreasing ratios being 47.68, 17.84, 27.81%, than methomyl, with 90.94, 80.80, 74.55%, in comparison to the populations in the control plots, respectively. So, because of the low toxicity of GCSC-BtA to the natural enemies, it is recommended that, on one hand, its application should be carried out after mass migration of the pests to the fields, on the other hand, the alternative agent GCSC-BtA should be used with the aim of minimizing the harmfulness to the natural enemies in the whole program of integrated pest management in cabbage fields.  相似文献   

Optimization of extraction conditions for active components in Hypericum perforatum using response surface methodology     

Liu FF  Ang CY  Springer D 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(8):3364-3371

Optimal conditions for extraction of Hypericum perforatum were determined using response surface methodology. A 3 x 4 x 4 full factorial design representing three extraction temperatures, four extraction times, and four solvent concentrations was executed. The overall extraction efficiency was defined by comparing either the total extractable material weight or the individual component peak area to the peak area of luteolin as internal standard. Of the tested variables, the extraction temperature most significantly affected extraction efficiency. Higher temperatures gave better extraction efficiencies, but high temperature also caused decomposition of hypericin. Within the test range, responses for most variables had local maxima. Optimum ranges of time and concentration for individual variables were overlaid. Considering all variables, optimum ranges for extraction time and extraction solvent concentration (percent ethanol in acetone) were 5.0-6.7 h and 44-74% at 23 degrees C, 5.4-6.9 h and 45-72% at 40 degrees C, and 5.3-5.9 h and 44-69% ethanol in acetone at 55 degrees C, respectively.  相似文献   

套袋对红富士苹果果皮细胞超微结构的影响   总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19  

李秀菊  刘用生  束怀瑞 《园艺学报》2000,27(3):202-204

红富士苹果果皮细胞超微结构的观察结果表明,未套袋颗粒果皮表层细胞叶绿体片层结构发育较套袋果实发达,至果实采收前,未套袋果液泡染色较深县均匀,而套袋果液泡染色深,呈絮状凝结,这可能是颗粒去袋后花青苷迅速合成,在液泡内大量积累所致。  相似文献   

三江源区高寒草甸草场放牧牦牛采食量的测定     

崔占鸿  刘书杰  柴沙驼  赵月萍  张晓卫 《中国草食动物》2007,27(6):20-22

试验选用约2．5岁公牦牛8头，在三江源地区玉树县的高寒草甸草场，应用4N盐酸不溶灰分法（4N—AIA）和木质素标记物法测定了不同物候期（青草期和枯黄期）放牧牦牛日采食量及牧草营养成分的消化率。结果表明：2．5岁牦牛在青草期、枯黄期的100kg体重日采食量分别为3．69kg和2．96kg，差异极显著（P〈0.01）；其不同物候期的千物质消化率分别为65．70％、61．72％（P〉0．05），粗蛋白的消化率为62．25％、39．00％（P〈0．01），粗脂肪为49．36％、58．18％（P〈0．05），ADF的消化率为57．88％、62．67％（P〉0．05），NDF的消化率为69．09％、79．38％（P＜0．01）。  相似文献   

雨生红球藻规模化培养工艺的构建与应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘伟  刘建国  林伟  王增福  李颖逾  史朋家  薛彦斌  崔效杰 《饲料工业》2006,27(12):12-17

针对雨生红球藻规模化培养中的工艺流程、生物污染、温度控制、溶氧解析和pH值稳定等问题,于2003年到2005年,在山东省潍坊地区,开展了雨生红球藻中试规模的论证研究。建立了可用于雨生红球藻规模化生产的3种不同类型的光生物反应器(柱式、管道、生物幕)和人工调节太阳能的温控车间,并构建了一套二步规模化培养工艺流程。结果表明,研究构建的培养模式降低了培养过程中的潜在风险,并大大提高了雨生红球藻虾青素含量。与传统培养方式相比,年培养天数大约提高了3倍。在每个批次培养中,细胞生长培养效率提高了至少1.75倍,虾青素累积培养所需时间缩短了40%,虾青素含量提高了4倍。总体来看,研究构建的新工艺比传统开放模式的生产效率有很大提高,全年共计提高了35倍。  相似文献   

发酵法生产大豆肽的研究   总被引：16，自引：2，他引：16  

刘唤明  邓楚津 《饲料工业》2006,27(19):4-5

通过对培养基组成、pH值、接种时间、接种量、发酵时间等因素的研究,优化了发酵法制备大豆多肽的生产工艺。结果表明:在葡萄糖含量为2%,豆粕含量为12%,初始pH值为6.5,接入4%的菌龄为15h的液体种子,发酵时间为48h的条件下,豆粕蛋白的水解度达60%。  相似文献   

蚓激酶成熟肽的原核表达及纯化     

李清竹  赵玉军  张守峰  刘烨  寇叙  扈荣良 《现代畜牧兽医》2006,(2):43-45

应用PCR技术扩增获得蚓激酶成熟肽基因，并按相应的阅读框架克隆入表达载体pGEX-4T中谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）的下游。重组质粒转化大肠杆菌Rosetta株，分别在1．0mmol／LIPTG、37℃和0．1mmol／L IPTG、28℃条件下诱导，蚓激酶成熟肽-GST融合蛋白获得了高效表达，且后者得到了可溶性蛋白。经SDS-PAGE证实所表达的融合蛋白产物相对分子量与预期的53kD相符。并且以等电点和亲和层析的方法对表达出的可溶性蛋白进行了纯化。  相似文献   

四种牛分枝杆菌特异性蛋白融合表达及在牛结核病诊断中的临床应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吴波  张书环  邓铨涛  项杰  陈军  刘朝  陈鑫  宋念华  陶淑珍  黄继根  韩永佩  赵波  林祥梅  陈焕春  郭爱珍 《中国奶牛》2007,(10):16-20

以原核表达的MPB70-MPB83-CFP10-ESAT-6融合蛋白作为诊断抗原,建立牛结核病抗体检测间接ELISA(iELISA)。该iELISA与导致常见牛病的非相关抗原无交叉反应。用iELISA检测90份健康牛血清,确定样本阴阳性临界值(S/P)为0.17。与商品化胶体金试剂条(ICG)平行检测150份临床奶牛血清样本,结果与ICG的符合率为93.33%(140/150)。以结核菌素皮内试验(TST)为参考方法,检测了华中地区四个奶牛场的560头中国荷斯坦奶牛和90份进口奶牛结核阴性血清,结果iELISA与TST的总符合率为87.32%(489/560)。对其中22头奶牛进行鼻拭子分菌检验,4头分菌阳性奶牛的血清抗体检测也为阳性,iELISA与细菌培养的总符合率为77.27%(17/22)。以TST为参考方法,iELISA的敏感性和特异性分别为72.37%和89.67%。  相似文献