NECROTIZING ENCEPHALITIS IN A YORKSHIRE TERRIER: CLINICAL, IMAGING, AND PATHOLOGIC FINDINGS     

Donatella  Lotti  DVM  PhD  Maria Tresa  Capucchio  DVM  Elena  Gaidolfi  DM  Monica  Merlo  DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1999,40(6):622-626

A 5-year-old, male Yorkshire Terrier had chronic and progressive neurologic signs compatible with lesions in the right brain stem and right forebrain. In magnetic resonance images of the brain there were multifocal lesions at different stages of evolution, consistent with an inflammatory disease. The lesions were located in the white matter of the cerebrum, in the diencephalon and mesencephalon. These lesions were hypointense in T1-weighted images and hyperintense in T2-weighted images with no mass effect and minimal enhancement with gadolinium. Necrotizing encephalitis was confirmed post mortem.  相似文献   

Tolerance to abiotic stresses in potato plants: a molecular approach     

Antonella Leone  Antonello Costa  Federica Consiglio  Immacolata Massarelli  Emilia Dragonetti  Monica De Palma  Stefania Grillo 《Potato Research》1999,42(2):333-351

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Heat-Induced Fragmentation of the Maize Waxy Protein During Protein Extraction from Starch Granules     

Helen He Mu  Chen Mu-Forster  Monica Bohonko  Bruce P. Wasserman 《Cereal Chemistry》1998,75(4):480-483

The starch granule of maize contains a characteristic set of tightly bound polypeptides. Granule-associated polypeptides are typically extracted from starch granules by heating starch granule suspensions at 90–100°C in a detergent such as SDS. Solubilized proteins are recovered by centrifugation and analyzed by gel electrophoresis. Previously identified tightly bound granule intrinsic proteins consist of the 85-kDa starch-branching enzyme IIb, the 76-kDa starch synthase I, and the 60-kD waxy (Wx) protein, also known as granule-bound starch synthase I. However, SDS extracts from starch granules of maize also contain a cluster of proteins ranging in mass between 47 and 32 kDa In this study, we analyzed this group of granule-associated proteins and found that each was recognized by the Wx antibody. A 15 amino acid N-terminal sequence from the 47-kDa polypeptide was identical to the predicted N-terminus of the Wx protein. Further analysis revealed that each immunoreactive polypeptide between 47 and 32 kDa was a heat-induced fragmentation product of the Wx protein. Conditions for the extraction of granule proteins were evaluated. Our results demonstrate that granule proteins are effectively released by mild extraction (10-min incubation at 72°C). Relative to the Wx protein, starch synthase I and starch branching enzyme IIb were less susceptible to thermal fragmentation. These results demonstrate that the 85-, 76-, and 60-kDa polypeptides are authentic granule-intrinsic proteins, and that the majority of polypeptides between 47 and 32 kDa are artifacts of high-temperature granule extraction procedures.  相似文献   

A comparison of the use of different swab materials for optimal diagnosis of amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)     

Carolina Fernandez-Senac  Sophie Fridman  Jadwiga Sokolowska  Sean J. Monaghan  Teresa Garzon  Monica Betancor  Giuseppe Paladini  Alexandra Adams  James E. Bron 《Journal of fish diseases》2020,43(11):1463-1472

Routine gill swabbing is a non-destructive sampling method used for the downstream qPCR detection and quantitation of the pathogen Neoparamoeba perurans, a causative agent of amoebic gill disease (AGD). Three commercially available swabs were compared aiming their application for timelier AGD diagnosis (Calgiswab^® (calcium alginate fibre-tipped), Isohelix^® DNA buccal and cotton wool-tipped). Calcium alginate is soluble in most sodium salts, which potentially allows the total recovery of biological material, hence a better extraction of target organisms’ DNA. Thus, this study consisted of (a) an in vitro assessment involving spiking of the swabs with known amounts of amoebae and additional assessment of retrieval efficiency of amoebae from agar plates; (b) in vivo testing by swabbing of gill arches (second, third and fourth) of AGD-infected fish. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments identified an enhanced amoeba retrieval with Calgiswab® and Isohelix® swabs in comparison with cotton swabs. Additionally, the third and fourth gill arches presented significantly higher amoebic loads compared to the second gill arch. Results suggest that limiting routine gill swabbing to one or two arches, instead of all, could likely lead to reduced stress-related effects incurred by handling and sampling and a timelier diagnosis of AGD.  相似文献   

STAR: An integrated and standardized procedure to evaluate the ecological status of coralligenous reefs     

Luigi Piazzi  Paola Gennaro  Monica Montefalcone  Carlo Nike Bianchi  Enrico Cecchi  Carla Morri  Fabrizio Serena 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2019,29(2):189-201

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Using fish models to investigate the links between microbiome and social behaviour: The next step for translational microbiome research?     

Marta C. Soares  Jo Cable  Monica G. Lima‐Maximino  Caio Maximino  Raquel Xavier 《Fish and Fisheries》2019,20(4):640-652

Recent research has revealed surprisingly important connections between animals’ microbiome and social behaviour. Social interactions can affect the composition and function of the microbiome; conversely, the microbiome affects social communication by influencing the hosts’ central nervous system and peripheral chemical communication. These discoveries set the stage for novel research focusing on the evolution and physiology of animal social behaviour in relation to microbial transmission strategies. Here, we discuss the emerging roles of teleost fish models and their potential for advancing research fields, linked to sociality and microbial regulation. We argue that fish models, such as the zebrafish (Danio rerio, Cyprinidae), sticklebacks (?Gasterosteidae), guppies (Poeciliidae) and cleaner–client dyads (e.g., obligate cleaner fish from the Labridae and Gobiidae families and their visiting clientele), will provide valuable insights into the roles of microbiome in shaping social behaviour and vice versa, while also being of direct relevance to the food and ornamental fish trades. The diversity of fish behaviour warrants more interdisciplinary research, including microbiome studies, which should have a strong ecological (field‐derived) approach, together with laboratory‐based cognitive and neurobiological experimentation. The implications of such integrated approaches may be of translational relevance, opening new avenues for future investigation using fish models.  相似文献   

Special issue “Deepen knowledge in plant pathology for innovative agroecology”     

Diana Fernandez  Monica Höfte  Ralph Hückelhoven  Philippe Reignault  Ivan Sache  Ali Siah 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2018,150(4):853-868

This study aimed to determine the genetic variability of isolates of rotting of pineapple fruitlet core in Brazil on the states of Paraiba, Pernambuco and Rio Grande do Norte, based on phylogenetic analysis of the RPB2 gene, morphocultural markers and aggressiveness of the isolates. The phylogenetic reconstruction of maximum parsimony and bayesian inference of the isolates were performed. Twenty-seven phylogenetic lineages were characterized with morphocultural markers on potato dextrose agar and synthetic nutrient-poor agar. The aggressiveness of these lineages were characterized in leaves and fruits of pineapple ‘Pérola’ cultivar. The Phylogenetic reconstruction showed close relationship between isolates of this study and phylogenetic lineages of F. guttiforme, F. ananatum and F. oxysporum by analysis of RPB2 gene. Phylogenetic lineages of this study shared significant morphocultural markers similar to those described for this species. Overall, the lineages related with Fusarium oxysporum Species Complex were more aggressive to the fruits of the Fusarium lineages related with Fusarium fujikuroi Species Complex. It is possible that F. ananatum and F. guttiforme or other lineages closely related to these species or F. oxysporum are present in the fields causing pineapple rotting fruitlet core in fruits of pineapple ‘Pérola’ in Brazil. The used markers determined high genetic variability in isolates analyzed in leaves and pineapple fruit ‘Pérola’ in the states of Paraíba, Pernambuco and Rio Grande do Norte of Brazil and the pathogenic lineages analyzed were better adapted to the fruits than to the detached leaves in pineapple ‘Pérola’ analyzed.  相似文献   

Antioxidant and Carbohydrate-Hydrolysing Enzymes Potential of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz (Cucurbitaceae) Peel,Leaves and Pulp Fresh and Processed     

Monica Rosa Loizzo  Marco Bonesi  Francesco Menichini  Maria Concetta Tenuta  Mariarosaria Leporini  Rosa Tundis 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2016,71(4):381-387

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Role of live microbial feed supplements with reference to anaerobic fungi in ruminant productivity: A review     

Anil K Puniya  Abdelfattah Z M Salem  Sanjay Kumar  Sumit S Dagar  Gareth W Griffith  Monica Puniya  Sreenivas R Ravella  Nikhil Kumar  Tejpal Dhewa  Ravinder Kumar 《农业科学学报》2015,14(3):550-560

To keep the concept of a safe food supply to the consumers, animal feed industries world over are showing an increasing interest in the direct-fed microbials(DFM) for improved animal performance in terms of growth or productivity. This becomes all the more essential in a situation, where a number of the residues of antibiotics and/or other growth stimulants reach in milk and meat with a number of associated potential risks for the consumers. Hence, in the absence of growth stimulants, a positive manipulation of the rumen microbial ecosystem to enhance the feedstuff utilization for improved production efficiency by ruminants has become of much interest to the researchers and entrepreneurs. A few genera of live microbes(i.e., bacteria, fungi and yeasts in different types of formulations from paste to powder) are infrequently used as DFM for the domestic ruminants. These DFM products are live microbial feed supplements containing naturally occurring microbes in the rumen. Among different DFM possibilities, anaerobic rumen fungi(ARF) based additives have been found to improve ruminant productivity consistently during feeding trials. Administration of ARF during the few trials conducted, led to the increased weight gain, milk production, and total tract digestibility of feed components in ruminants. Anaerobic fungi in the rumen display very strong cell-wall degrading cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities through rhizoid development, resulting in the physical disruption of feed structure paving the way for bacterial action. Significant improvements in the fiber digestibility were found to coincide with increases in ARF in the rumen indicating their role. Most of the researches based on DFM have indicated a positive response in nutrient digestion and methane reducing potential during in vivo and/or in vitro supplementation of ARF as DFM. Therefore, DFM especially ARF will gain popularity but it is necessary that all the strains are thoroughly studied for their beneficial properties to have a confirmed ‘generally regarded as safe' status for ruminants.  相似文献   

Sediment production following severe wildfire and post-fire salvage logging in the Rocky Mountain headwaters of the Oldman River Basin, Alberta     

Uldis Silins  Micheal Stone  Monica B. Emelko  Kevin D. Bladon 《CATENA》2009,79(3):189

In 2003, the Lost Creek fire burned 21,000 ha of nearly contiguous crown land forests in the headwater regions of the Oldman River Basin, Alberta. Seven small watersheds with various levels of land disturbance (burned, post-fire salvage logged, unburned) were instrumented and monitored for four years to measure stream discharge, sediment concentration, and sediment yields for a range of dominant flow periods characteristic of the region (baseflow, spring melt, and stormflow). Stream discharges reflected runoff regimes consistent with high regional precipitation and the high relief physiographic setting of the study area. Suspended sediment concentrations and yields were significantly higher in both burned and post-fire salvage logged watersheds than in unburned watersheds and were strongly influenced by topographic and hydro-climatic controls. Sediment availability was much higher in both the burned and post-fire salvage logged watersheds but it varied strongly with flow condition, particularly during the snowmelt freshet and high flow events. Because of increases in wildfire frequency and severity over recent decades, understanding the range of impacts from both wildfire and post-disturbance management strategies such as salvage logging is likely to become increasingly important for land managers.  相似文献