Renal neuroendocrine control of desiccation and cold tolerance by Drosophila suzukii          下载免费PDF全文

Selim Terhzaz  Lucy Alford  Joseph GC Yeoh  Richard Marley  Anthony J Dornan  Julian AT Dow  Shireen A Davies 《Pest management science》2018,74(4):800-810

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Assessment of insecticidal effects and selectivity of CAPA‐PK peptide analogues against the peach‐potato aphid and four beneficial insects following topical exposure     

Shun‐Hua Gui  Clauvis NT Taning  Kristof De Schutter  Qun Yang  Pengyu Chen  Mohamad Hamshou  Ronald J Nachman  Aniruddha A Pandit  Julian AT Dow  Shireen Davies  Guy Smagghe 《Pest management science》2020,76(10):3451-3458

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Apoptosis of Granulosa Cells: A Review on the Role of MAPK-signalling modules   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

AT Peter  N Dhanasekaran 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2003,38(3):209-213

Recent studies suggest that ovarian follicular atresia is associated with DNA fragmentation and degeneration of granulosa cells, the hallmark of programmed cell death or apoptosis. Apoptosis of granulosa cells play a major role in follicular atresia. These studies have also demonstrated the involvement of tumour suppressors, apoptotic proteins and survival factors. These factors contribute to the developmental decision as to whether the ovarian follicles mature or undergo atresia. However, the precise temporal and molecular events involved in the apoptotic pathways in this process need to be elucidated. The present report summarizes the role of Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK), p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), and extracellular‐signal regulated kinase (ERK)‐signalling module in the regulation of pro‐ and anti‐apoptotic factors of the granulosa cells in regulating follicular atresia. The findings presented here suggest that the loss of tropic hormone support is translated into the attenuation of Raf‐1‐MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK)‐ERK‐signalling pathway of the granulosa cells and this results in the decreased phosphorylation of the pro‐apoptotic BAD.  相似文献   

Comparison of azaperone–detomidine–butorphanol–ketamine and azaperone–tiletamine–zolazepam for anaesthesia in piglets     

Mari L Heinonen DVM  PhD  Marja R Raekallio DVM  PhD  Claudio Oliviero DVM  Sanna Ahokas DVM  Olli AT Peltoniemi DVM  PhD 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2009,36(2):151-157

ObjectiveTo investigate a combination of azaperone, detomidine, butorphanol and ketamine (DBK) in pigs and to compare it with the combination of azaperone, tiletamine and zolazepam (TZ).Study designProspective, randomized, blinded, cross–over study.AnimalsTwelve clinically healthy crossbred pigs aged about 2 months and weighing 16–25 kg.MethodsPigs were pre–medicated with azaperone (4 mg kg^?1). Ten minutes later anaesthesia was induced with intramuscular DBK (detomidine 0.08 mg kg^?1, butorphanol 0.2 mg kg^?1, ketamine 10 mg kg^?1) or TZ (tiletamine and zolazepam 5 mg kg^?1). The pigs were positioned in dorsal recumbency. Heart and respiratory rates, posture, anaesthesia score, PaO₂, PaCO₂, pH and bicarbonate concentration were measured. t–test was used to compare the areas under time–anaesthesia index curve (AUC_anindex) between treatments. Data concerning heart and respiratory rates, PaO₂, PaCO₂ and anaesthesia score were analysed with anova for repeated measurements. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for the data concerning the duration of sedation and anaesthesia.ResultsThe sedation, analgesia and anaesthesia lasted longer after DBK than TZ. The AUC_anscore were 863 ± 423 and 452 ± 274 for DBK and TZ, respectively (p = 0.002). The duration of surgical anaesthesia lasted a median of 35 minutes (0–105 minutes) after DBK and a median of 15 minutes (0–35 minutes) after TZ (p = 0.05). Four pigs after DBK and six after TZ did not achieve the plane of surgical anaesthesia. The heart rate was lower after DBK than after TZ. Both treatments had similar effects on the other parameters measured.ConclusionsAt the doses used DBK was more effective than TZ for anaesthesia in pigs under field conditions.Clinical relevanceThe combinations can be used for sedation and minor field surgery in pigs. The doses and drugs chosen were insufficient to produce a reliable surgical plane of anaesthesia in these young pigs.  相似文献   

A lower motor neuron disease in newborn Romney lambs     

Anderson PD  Parton KH  Collett MG  Sargison ND  Jolly RD 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1999,47(3):112-114

AIM: To determine the cause and nature of a disease in newborn New Zealand Romney lambs characterised by progressive weakness and premature death. METHODS: Affected lambs were examined clinically, humanely killed and submitted to necropsy. Selected fonmalin-fixed tissues were examined histologically. Data on the parentage of the lambs were collected. RESULTS: The principle lesions found were degeneration and loss of neurons in ventral horns of the spinal cord and brain stem and Wallerian degeneration of motor nerves and denervation atrophy of skeletal muscles fibres. CONCLUSION: The lesions are those of a lower motor neuron disease which appeared to have a genetic cause.  相似文献   

Effect of pre-anesthetic meperidine on gastro-esophageal reflux in anesthetized dogs     

DV Wilson  AT Evans  W. Mauer 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2005,32(4):5-5

Meperidine has been shown to decrease lower esophageal sphincter tone in monkeys and people, to have little effect in cats, and to physically increase it in dogs. We hypothesized that administration of meperidine to dogs before anesthesia would decrease the probability of GER during the subsequent anesthetic. In this randomized, prospective clinical trial we aimed to determine the incidence of GER in dogs undergoing elective orthopedic surgery and receiving either meperidine or morphine prior to anesthesia. Dogs were admitted to the study, if they were healthy, with no history of vomiting or dysphagia. Dogs were fasted overnight. Dogs were received either morphine (0.66 mg kg^–1 IM) or meperidine (8.8 mg kg^–1 IM) with acepromazine. Anesthesia in all dogs included thiopental and isoflurane in oxygen. To measure esophageal pH a sensor-tipped catheter was placed with the tip 5–7 cm cranial to the lower esophageal sphincter, and connected to a computer for continual data collection. Dogs were observed for vomiting after pre-medication, and the pH of any fluid running from the mouth or nose during anesthesia was measured. Gastro-esophageal reflux was defined as a decrease in esophageal pH below 4 or an increase above 7.5 for greater than 15 seconds. One-way anova was used to test significance of differences between groups in parametric variables. Fisher's Exact test was used to test significance of differences in incidence between groups. In dogs receiving meperidine the incidence of vomiting was 0, and of GER was 31% (4/13), compared to 60% (6/10) and 60% (6/10), respectively in dogs receiving morphine. In this preliminary study, the administration of pre-anesthetic meperidine was associated with a 29% reduction in the absolute risk of GER compared to morphine.  相似文献   

Pasteurella multocida septicaemia in fallow deer (Dama dama)     

MJ CARRIGAN  HJS DAWKINS†  FA COCKRAM  AT HANSEN† 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(6):201-203

Thirteen of 100 fallow deer, aged between 6 months and 10 years, died over a 5 week period. The deaths occurred in 2 outbreaks 3 weeks apart. Both outbreaks were preceded by at least 3 days of cold wet and windy weather, and were associated with water-logged pastures. Affected animals were usually found dead, with a frothy blood-stained nasal discharge. In the 8 deer necropsied, gross lesions included widespread subserosal petechial haemorrhages, severe pulmonary congestion and oedema with froth-filled airways, and fibrinous pneumonia and pleurisy in 4 deer. Two deer, also, had extensive subcutaneous petechial and ecchymotic haemorrhages and oedema of skeletal musculature. Histologically, the most significant lesions were present in the lungs. Moderate to severe pulmonary congestion and oedema, with fibrinous exudation into alveoli and septal oedema, were present in all deer. In some deer these changes were accompanied by a diffuse infiltration with polymorphonuclear leucocytes. Pasteurella multocida was isolated from a range of tissues from 7 of 8 deer examined. The remaining animal had been treated with antibiotics 8 hours before death. The isolates had identical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis patterns and were of the same antigenic type-Carter group A, Heddleston type 3,4.  相似文献   

The pharmacokinetics and effects of intravenously administered carprofen and salicylate on gastrointestinal mucosa and selected biochemical measurements in healthy cats     

Parton K  Balmer TV  Boyle J  Whittem T  MacHon R 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2000,23(2):73-79

The pharmacokinetics of carprofen, a propionic acid-derived nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID), and its effect on gastrointestinal mucosa, complete blood counts (CBC) and biochemical indicators of liver and renal function were investigated in healthy cats using a randomized crossover design. A single dose of 4 mg/kg of carprofen (Zenecarp(R) Injection), normal saline, or 20 mg/kg of DL-lysine acetyl salicylate (Vetalgine(R)) was given intravenously (i.v.) to each of five cats with a washout period of 2 weeks between treatments. Endoscopy of the stomach and duodenum 8 h postinjection revealed one acetyl salicylate-(aspirin)-treated cat with minor pinpoint erosions. None of the other cats in the three treatment groups had evidence of bleeding or ulceration. Serum biochemistry measurements of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), alanine transferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and complete blood counts (CBC) were not significantly altered from pretreatment values by the single dose of salicylate or carprofen (P < 0.05). Early and extended sample time points suggest that the pharmacokinetics of carprofen in the cat fit a 2-compartment model, with a long elimination half-life (t1/2) of 20.1 +/- 16.6 h, an area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of 637 (+/- 237) microgram.mL/h and a volume of distribution (Vdss) of 0.14 +/- 0.05 L/kg. Intravenously administered aspirin fit a 2-compartment model and had a long elimination half-life (t1/2) of 22.2 +/- 3.1 h, an AUC of 3824.2 +/- 506.7 microgram.mL/h and a volume of distribution (Vdss) of 0.17 +/- 0. 01 L/kg.  相似文献   

Agriculture. Sustainable biofuels redux     

Robertson GP  Dale VH  Doering OC  Hamburg SP  Melillo JM  Wander MM  Parton WJ  Adler PR  Barney JN  Cruse RM  Duke CS  Fearnside PM  Follett RF  Gibbs HK  Goldemberg J  Mladenoff DJ  Ojima D  Palmer MW  Sharpley A  Wallace L  Weathers KC  Wiens JA  Wilhelm WW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,322(5898):49-50

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Long-term radiographic appearance of a bioabsorbable biocomposite tibial tuberosity advancement cage implant     

CL Ferrell  MD Barnhart  AT Watson  ML Barron-Chapman  SJ Naber 《Australian veterinary journal》2020,98(1-2):26-30

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