新巴尔虎右旗水域地名空间特征分析     

包苏日古嘎  银山 《内蒙古林业科技》2015,(2):48-52,56

从地名学角度入手,选取了内蒙古自治区新巴尔虎右旗水域地名作为研究对象,在对地名资料收集和统计的基础上,利用定量化方法和GIS等现代技术,分析新巴尔虎右旗水域地名的空间分布和演变因素以及地名与水系的关系。结果显示:随着地名密度的增大,地名分布由中部向西南和东北方向移动,地名分布的多圈层集聚特征明显,总体上从低密度向高密度逐渐过渡。将新巴尔虎右旗水域地名密度图与水系类型图叠加后发现,地名分布趋向河湖密集的地方,即地名密度较高的地方,反映了人类活动与地理环境之间的作用强度。此外,出现了空留其名的现象,这种现象从侧面反映了新巴尔虎右旗水域减少的趋势,且不同地区减少比例不相同。水域地名演变主要从民族文化、民族政策、气候等方面作了研究,发现地名的演变和命名很大程度上说明了自然环境的变化程度。  相似文献   

鸡、鹌鹑及其属间杂交种DMRT1b转录本初步分析     

翟曼君  郑炜  赵宗胜  林杉  田占伟 《中国家禽》2015,(2):5-9

DMRT基因家族是一个与性别决定相关的发育基因家族。以鸡、鹌鹑及其属间杂交种胚胎为试验对象,分别采集孵化72 h的鸡、鹌鹑和杂交种胚胎,以DMRT1b为目的基因进行扩增,对DMRT1b基因原序列、扩增序列分析,应用Ex PASy网站对序列编码蛋白进行蛋白质生物信息学分析,结果发现杂交种DMRT1b基因较其父母本发生部分碱基缺失,预测蛋白质功能存在差异,推测由于基因缺失导致蛋白质不同,这种现象可能与杂交种早期死亡、不育存在相关性。研究结果为鸡与鹌鹑属间杂交种雌性致死与雄性不育的研究奠定基础。  相似文献   

山东省外观健康羊群中检出羊边界病病毒     

彭程  王素春  庄青叶  侯广宇  黄娟  单虎  陈继明 《中国动物检疫》2015,32(3):1-3

2014年从山东省外观健康的牛羊采集鼻拭子样品共707份,提取其RNA,用流感病毒特异性引物进行RT-PCR检测。对RT-PCR扩增的阳性产物进行序列测定,意外发现其中1份羊拭子样品含有羊边界病病毒,并且该结果得到其他试验验证。结合我国2012年首次在安徽和江苏两地检出该病毒,以及当前我国羊群流通情况,推测该病毒可能在我国有所存在。该调研结果对分析各类RT-PCR检测的假阳性产生原因,有参考意义。并提示RT-PCR检测结果难以作为疫病或感染病诊断的确切依据。其诊断结果有时需要用荧光探针或测序进行进一步鉴定。  相似文献   

烟酸对未去势湘中公牛生长性能、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨竹青  包淋斌  赵向辉  王灿宇  周珊  傅传鞭  露华  祝远魁  邓新堂  吴东  瞿明仁 《动物营养学报》2015,(1):85-92

本研究旨在研究烟酸对未去势湘中公牛生长性能、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响。选择1.5岁左右体重[(385.08±15.20)kg]匀称的未去势湘中黑公牛21头,随机分成3组,每组7头,各组分别在基础饲粮中添加0、800、1 200 mg/kg烟酸。预试期14 d,正试期120 d。结果表明:烟酸对公牛的平均日增重、日均采食量、饲料转化率、背膘厚、眼肌面积均没有显著影响(P0.05)。烟酸对背最长肌的p H、肉色亮度和红度值、剪切力、滴水损失以及水分、粗脂肪和粗蛋白质含量均没有显著影响(P0.05)。1 200 mg/kg烟酸显著降低血清总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量(P0.05),800 mg/kg烟酸显著降低血清HDL-C含量(P0.05),烟酸对低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量没有显著影响(P0.05)。1 200 mg/kg烟酸可以提高血清非酯化脂肪酸(P0.05)和葡萄糖含量(P=0.06),降低血清尿素氮含量(P=0.07)。综上,本研究并没有观察到烟酸对未去势湘中公牛生长性能和肉品质等指标有影响,但对血脂指标有一定调节作用,推测可能是未去势公牛的雄性激素的作用覆盖了烟酸的作用。  相似文献   

粪肠球菌替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率、血液生化指标和免疫器官的影响   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

史自涛  姚焰础  江山  肖融  刘作华  杨飞云  董国忠  郭致君 《动物营养学报》2015,(6)

本试验在断奶仔猪饲粮中添加不同水平的粪肠球菌,研究其替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻指数和腹泻率、血液生化指标以及免疫器官的影响。选取120头(28±2)日龄平均体重为(7.60±0.81)kg的"杜×长×大"断奶仔猪,随机分为5组,每组6个重复(公母各占1/2),每个重复4头,每个重复为1圈。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素组在基础饲粮中添加100mg/kg硫酸黏菌素和400 mg/kg杆菌肽锌,3个粪肠球菌组分别在基础饲粮中添加40、200和1 000 mg/kg粪肠球菌,试验期31 d。试验结果显示:1)在1~14 d,饲粮中添加抗生素和粪肠球菌对断奶仔猪的平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)以及料重比(F/G)无显著影响(P0.05)。在15~31 d,与对照组和抗生素组相比,200和1 000 mg/kg组可极显著提高ADFI和ADG(P0.01)。在1~31 d,与对照组相比,200和1 000 mg/kg组的ADFI均极显著提高(P0.01),而ADG分别显著和极显著增加(P0.05和P0.01);与抗生素组相比,1 000 mg/kg组可极显著提高ADFI(P0.01),而200和1 000 mg/kg组的ADG分别显著和极显著增加(P0.05和P0.01)。2)在1~14 d,与对照组相比,40 mg/kg组的腹泻指数和腹泻率显著降低(P0.05)。在15~31 d和1~31 d,与对照组和抗生素组相比,40和1 000 mg/kg组均可在一定程度上降低腹泻率(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,粪肠球菌可以显著提高血液中总蛋白含量(P0.05),其中200和1 000 mg/kg组达到极显著水平(P0.01),且这2组分别可以显著和极显著提高球蛋白含量(P0.05和P0.01)。与抗生素组相比,200和1 000 mg/kg组可以显著提高总蛋白含量(P0.05)。与对照组相比,抗生素组和1 000 mg/kg组的白球比显著降低(P0.05),另外,抗生素组血液中谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性显著降低(P0.05),200 mg/kg组的谷丙转氨酶活性显著降低(P0.05)。4)与对照组相比,1 000 mg/kg组的肝脏重量和脾脏指数有一定程度的提高(P0.05),与抗生素组相比,200和1 000 mg/kg组可显著提高肝脏重量(P0.05)。结果表明,饲粮中添加粪肠球菌可改善断奶仔猪的生长性能(饲喂15~31 d),降低腹泻率,提高仔猪免疫力,其中添加量为1 000 mg/kg时效果最好。  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics of cefquinome in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after a single intramuscular or intraperitoneal administration          下载免费PDF全文

Q. Shan  X. Zhu  S. Liu  Y. Bai  L. Ma  Y. Yin  G. Zheng 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2015,38(6):601-605

The pharmacokinetics of cefquinome was studied in plasma after a single dose (10 mg/kg) of intramuscular (i.m.) or intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration to tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in freshwater at 30 °C. Ten fish per sampling point were examined after treatment. The data were fitted to two‐compartment open models following both routes of administration. The estimates of total body clearance (CL/F), volume of distribution (Vd/F), and absorption half‐life (T_1/2ka) were 0.049 and 0.037 L/h/kg, 0.41 and 0.33 L/kg, and 0.028 and 0.035 h following i.m. and i.p. administration, respectively. After i.m. injection, the elimination half‐life (T_1?2β) was calculated to be 5.81 h, the maximum plasma concentration (C_max) to be 49.40 μg/mL, the time to peak plasma cefquinome concentration (T_max) to be 0.14 h, and the area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) to be 204.6 μg h/mL. Following i.p. administration, the corresponding estimates were 6.05 h, 44.39 μg/mL, 0.17 h and 267.8 μg h/mL. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of cefquinome, determined for 30 strains of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from diseased tilapia, ranged from 0.015 to 0.12 μg/mL. Results from these studies support that 10 mg cefquinome/kg body weight daily could be expected to control tilapia bacterial pathogens inhibited in vitro by a minimal inhibitory concentration value of ≤2 μg/mL.  相似文献   

Protective effect of butylated hydroxylanisole against hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in primary cultured mouse hepatocytes     

Geun Hye Hwang  Yu Jin Jeon  Ho Jae Han  Soo Hyun Park  Kyoung Min Baek  Woochul Chang  Joong Sun Kim  Lark Kyun Kim  You-Mie Lee  Sangkyu Lee  Jong-Sup Bae  Jun-Goo Jee  Min Young Lee 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(1):17-23

Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) is a synthetic phenolic compound consisting of a mixture of two isomeric organic compounds: 2-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole and 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole. We examined the effect of BHA against hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced apoptosis in primary cultured mouse hepatocytes. Cell viability was significantly decreased by H₂O₂ in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, H₂O₂ treatment increased Bax, decreased Bcl-2, and promoted PARP-1 cleavage in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment with BHA before exposure to H₂O₂ significantly attenuated the H₂O₂-induced decrease of cell viability. H₂O₂ exposure resulted in an increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation that was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with BHA or N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC, an ROS scavenger). H₂O₂-induced decrease of cell viability was also attenuated by pretreatment with BHA and NAC. Furthermore, H₂O₂-induced increase of Bax, decrease of Bcl-2, and PARP-1 cleavage was also inhibited by BHA. Taken together, results of this investigation demonstrated that BHA protects primary cultured mouse hepatocytes against H₂O₂-induced apoptosis by inhibiting ROS generation.  相似文献   

Beef quality traits of heifer in comparison with steer,bull and cow at various feeding environments          下载免费PDF全文

Bandugula Venkata Reddy  Allur S. Sivakumar  Dawoon W. Jeong  Yang‐Byung Woo  Sang‐June Park  So‐Young Lee  Ji‐Yeon Byun  Chang‐Ho Kim  Soo‐Hyun Cho  Inho Hwang 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(1):1-16

The present review has been focused largely on the sex type differences in beef quality among heifers, cows, steers and bulls in various feeding environments. Genetic groups, feeding systems and gender are the major factors that change carcass characteristics and fatty acid profiles of cattle. Studies identified that heifer beef has super characteristics in eating quality and a better healthy composition in fatty acids than steer, cow and bull. Diet influences the variation of fatty acid profile; particularly the level of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) interacts with breed and sex. Animals finished in pasture systems were reported to show better ratios of PUFA/ saturated fatty acids and n‐6/n‐3. Carcasses of roughage‐fed beef are lighter and have less marbling and lower quality grades but have higher cutability than carcasses of grain‐fed bulls. Heifers and cows are reported to deposit more fat than steers and bulls. Among males, lower production of testosterone by steers favors more fat thickness compared with bulls. Marbling greatly varies among cattle belonging to different sexes, and particularly, females have genetic makeup that efficiently controls deposition. The current review identified that heifers can be a premium beef brand, while steer beef currently take a large part of market share across the world.  相似文献   

基于火强度的西山国家森林公园主要可燃物类型划分     

王秋华  单保君  徐伟恒  李世友  刘世远 《防护林科技》2015,(5)

通过外业调查和室内测定,获得西山国家森林公园主要可燃物的相关参数,输入BehavePlus模型,得到潜在火行为参数,以火强度大小为主要指标划分主要可燃物类型,结果表明:在坡度分别为25°和35°情形下,高强度火的林分为地盘松林、麻栎林和云南油杉林,中强度火的林分是华山松林和滇青冈林,低强度火的林分只有旱冬瓜林。研究结果可合理划分火险等级,实施科学的火管理。  相似文献   

Bioactivity of sandalwood oil (Santalum austrocaledonicum) and its main components against the cotton aphid,Aphis gossypii     

Hyun Sik Roh  Junheon Kim  Eun-Sik Shin  Dong Woon Lee  Ho Yul Choo  Chung Gyoo Park 《Journal of pest science》2015,88(3):621-627

  相似文献