Molecular mechanisms of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid in the inhibition of TGF‐β1‐mediated canine corneal fibrosis          下载免费PDF全文

Kristina M. Gronkiewicz  Elizabeth A. Giuliano  Ajay Sharma  Rajiv R. Mohan 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2016,19(6):480-487

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Non-structural protein 3A for differentiation of foot-and-mouth disease infected and vaccinated animals in Haryana (India)     

Kumar N  Sharma R  Kakker NK 《Zoonoses and public health》2007,54(9-10):376-382

There are severe international trade restrictions on foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) affected areas. Because of endemic nature of FMD, India started FMD control programme (FMD-CP) using mass vaccination in selected states including Haryana (year 2003). Although no significant incidence of the disease was reported after launching FMD-CP in the state but in order to participate in international trade of animal and animal products, veterinary authorities have to prove that there is no FMD virus (FMDV) circulation in the animal population, for which it is necessary to differentiate the FMD infected and vaccinated animals. For this purpose, an in-house indirect ELISA utilizing baculovirus-expressed FMDV non-structural protein (NSP) 3A was used to find evidence for virus circulation (prevalence of anti-NSP 3A-specific antibodies) by examining serum samples that were collected either before start of FMD-CP or after completion of third phase (Pre-4th) of vaccination in Haryana (India). A significant reduction (P < 0.01) in prevalence of anti-NSP 3A-specific antibodies (possibly carriers) was observed 2 years after launching FMD-CP in Haryana. However, in cattle the percentage of animals with anti-NSP 3A-specific antibodies was found to be significantly higher (P < 0.01) than buffalo, both before (P < 0.01) and after (P < 0.01) launching FMD-CP in the state. The findings of this study suggest that use of FMDV vaccine in cattle and buffaloes in endemic areas reduces virus circulation (carriers) in the vaccinated herds and that the current 3ANSP-ELISA can be successfully used to monitor the FMDV circulation in endemic areas.  相似文献   

Prevalence of Salmonella antibodies among goats slaughtered for chevon in Bareilly (Northern India)     

Chandra M  Singh BR  Shankar H  Agarwal M  Agarwal RK  Sharma G  Babu N 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2007,80(1):1-8

We screened serum samples of 1024 goats slaughtered for chevon in Bareilly in Northern India for Salmonella antibodies with indirect ELISA, MAT-H (microagglutination test using flagellar antigens e, n, x and 1, 5) and MAT-O (microagglutination test using somatic antigens 4, 12 and 3, 10, 15). Salmonella antibodies were detected in 48, 8 and 40%, goats using Salmonella-cytotoxi-I ELISA, MAT 'H' and MAT 'O', respectively. After adjusting for test accuracy, the seroprevalence were highest for Salmonella-cytotoxi-I ELISA (46%) followed by agglutinins against 'O' 3, 10, 15 (15%) and negligible for other agglutinins. With all 5 tests, prevalence of Salmonella antibodies was significantly higher in females than in males. No significant difference was evident in prevalence of Salmonella antibodies to different antigens in different age groups of male goats except for e, n, x agglutinins that were significantly more prevalent in young adult (<6-18 months) males than in adult (>18 months of age) or young (< or =6 months of age) goats. On the other hand, in females, prevalence of Salmonella-cytotoxin-I antibodies and e, n, x agglutinins differed significantly among three age groups, being the most prevalent in adult goats. As expected, the results of different tests had little or no correlation because the different tests targeted antibodies to different antigens.  相似文献   

Biology and life table of Diaeretiella rapae against Brevicoryne brassicae on different cultivars of cauliflower     

Thakur  Shikha  Verma  Subhash Chander  Sharma  Prem Lal  Chandel  Rajeshwar Singh  Sharma  Priyanka  Sharma  Shubham  Sharma  Prajjwal 《Phytoparasitica》2023,51(2):189-198

Phytoparasitica - Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is one of the most promising, effective and a common endoparasitoid of different aphid species including cabbage aphid,...  相似文献   

Nanomaterized zinc sulfide-meerschaum biomatrix efficiently suppressed Fusarium verticilloides with augmented rice seed quality benefits during storage     

Varinder Khepar  Anjali Sidhu  Anju Bala Sharma 《Pest management science》2023,79(1):244-256

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Performance of agency-managed and farmer-managed irrigation systems: A comparative case study at Chitwan, Nepal     

Kiran Prasad Bhatta  Akira Ishida  Kenji Taniguchi  Raksha Sharma 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》2006,20(2-3):177-191

Management reforms are considered one of the best alternatives in increasing efficiency of the irrigation systems. Transfer of day-to-day operation and maintenance to farmers is not a new concept. However due to lags, even now it is a hot issue in developing countries and Nepal is not an exception. In this context of growing argument about the transfer of management of public irrigation systems to the Water Users' Group, this paper examines the comparative performance of farmer-managed and agency-managed irrigation systems. Khageri Irrigation System in the Chitwan district of Nepal was taken as the study site where complete management transfer has been done in 1996. The situations before and after complete transfer were compared. Intensive case studies of the selected farmers showed that equity in distribution of water and leakage had significantly improved after management transfer. Logit analysis revealed that age and education level of the household head, distance from main canal, leakage of the canal and equity in distribution are significantly related to the satisfaction level of the beneficiary farmers from FMIS compared to AMIS. However, landholding size of the respondent farmer has no significant effect. Similarly results from t-test revealed that rice productivity and overall profits from agriculture has also increased significantly due to irrigation management transfer.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics of Enrofloxacin and Its Metabolite Ciprofloxacin after Intramuscular Administration of Enrofloxacin in Goats     

Rao GS  Ramesh S  Ahmad AH  Tripathi HC  Sharma LD  Malik JK 《Veterinary research communications》2001,25(3):197-204

The pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin and its active metabolite ciprofloxacin were investigated in goats after a single intramuscular administration of enrofloxacin at 2.5 mg/kg body weight. The plasma concentrations of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were determined simultaneously by a HPLC method. The peak concentrations (C _max) of enrofloxacin (1.13 g/ml) and ciprofloxacin (0.24 g/ml) were observed at 0.8 and 1.2 h, respectively. The elimination half-life (t _1/2), volume of distribution (V _d(area)), total body clearance (Cl_B) and mean residence time (MRT) of enrofloxacin were 0.74 h, 1.42 L/kg, 1329 ml/h per kg and 1.54 h, respectively. The t _1/2, area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) and the MRT of ciprofloxacin were 1.38 h, 0.74 g h/ml and 2.73 h, respectively. The metabolic conversion of enrofloxacin to ciprofloxacin was appreciable (36%) and the sum of the plasma concentrations of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin was maintained at or above 0.1 g/ml for up to 4 h. Enrofloxacin appears to be useful for the treatment of goat diseases associated with pathogens sensitive to this drug.  相似文献   

Growth-inhibiting activity of azadirachtin onCorcyra cephalonica     

G. K. Sharma 《Phytoparasitica》1992,20(1):47-50

The growth-inhibiting properties of azadirachtin, a bioeffective triterpenoid compound isolated from neem (Azadirachia indica A. Juss) seeds, was evaluated on the rice moth,Corcyra cephalonica Staint., a serious pest of stored products. By topical application of various azadirachtin doses (0.5 to 10 μg/larva) in methanol to last-instar spinning stage larvae, development was inhibited. The effect was dose-dependent; at higher doses, many of the insects remained in the larval stage (55% with 10 μg/larva). Disturbance of both larval-pupal and pupal-adult molting is discussed and interpreted as interference with the morphogenetic hormone pool size.  相似文献   

Genetics of soybean-Heterodera glycines system     

S. C. Anand  S. B. Sharma 《Integrated Pest Management Reviews》1995,1(1):65-69

Genetics of resistance to soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines Ichinohe is very complex. Crosses involving PI 437654, which is resistant to all races of cyst nematodes with other sources of resistance (Peking, PI 88788, and PI 90763) indicated that resistance to race 3 was controlled by four genes, two of which were dominant resistance genes and the other two were recessive resistance genes. For race 5, a four gene model with two recessive and two dominant resistance genes in epistasis has been proposed. For race 14, the results suggested a three gene model with one dominant and two recessive alleles. Several other plant introductions have been isolated which have different genes conditioning resistance. Most of the currently grown soybean varieties derived resistance from Peking and/or PI 88788. Resistance to SCN in these soybean varieties has broken down because of the emergence of several new races and populations of SCN. The use of PI 437654 or Hartwig and other plant introductions with different genes for resistance will broaden genetic diversity and stabilize yield.  相似文献   

The effects of bovine respiratory syncytial on normal ovine lymphocyte responses to mitogens or antigens in vitro     

Keles I  Sharma AK  Woldehiwet Z  Murray RD 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1999,22(1):1-13

In the present study peripheral blod mononuclear cells (MNC) obtained from normal uninfected lambs were used to study the possible effects of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) on lymphocyte responses to the mitogens, phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) in vitro. Live BRSV had a depressive effect on the proliferative responses of normal MNC to PHA, Con A and PWM. Inactivated BRSV and a commercial preparation of prostaglandin E2 were also found to depress the proliferative responses of normal ovine MNC to PHA but recombinant tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) had no such effect. Serum samples obtained from BRSV-infected lambs contained substances inhibitory to PHA-driven lymphocyte blastogenesis. Memory blastogenic responses to border disease virus (BDV) of lymyphocytes obtained from lambs previously primed with BDV were significantly reduced when lymphocytes were exposed to infectious BRSV.  相似文献