Drivers of fine-scale avian functional diversity with changing land use: an assessment of the effects of eco-estate housing development and management     

Alexander  Jarryd  Ehlers Smith  David A.  Ehlers Smith  Yvette C.  Downs  Colleen T. 《Landscape Ecology》2019,34(3):537-549

Landscape Ecology - The effects of changing land use, and especially urbanisation, on species and functional diversity are of global concern. Eco-estates are a form of urban housing development...  相似文献   

化肥减施下紫云英不同翻压量对双季稻产量及养分利用效率的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

程会丹  鲁艳红  聂军  朱启东  聂鑫  曹卫东  高雅洁  廖育林 《华北农学报》2020,35(3):143-152

为了探索紫云英替代化肥的可行性和适宜翻压量,利用连续11 a田间定位试验,共设置7个处理,分别为CK(不施紫云英和化肥)、GM_(22.5)(单施紫云英22.5 t/hm~2)、100%CF(常规施肥)及60%化肥施用量条件下将紫云英翻压量设15.0(GM_(15.0)),22.5(GM_(22.5)),30.0(GM_(30.0)),37.5(GM_(37.5)) t/hm~2 4个水平,研究化肥减施下不同紫云英翻压量对双季稻产量、氮磷钾积累量、氮磷钾利用率及土壤肥力的影响。结果表明:与CK相比,施肥处理均能显著增加早晚稻及全年两季籽粒产量(P0.05),增幅分别为79.1%～91.1%,44.8%～50.7%,56.8%～64.7%。单施紫云英可显著增加水稻产量(P0.05),与CK相比,早晚稻及全年两季籽粒产量增幅分别为23.9%,12.4%,16.4%。60%化肥与不同量紫云英配施处理早晚稻及全年两季籽粒产量与常规施肥相比差异不显著,紫云英翻压量为15.0～30.0 t/hm~2时,早晚稻及全年两季籽粒产量均随紫云英翻压量的增多而提高,当紫云英翻压量多于30.0 t/hm~2时,则呈下降趋势。在所有的化肥配施紫云英处理中,早晚稻籽粒氮、磷、钾养分积累量均以翻压紫云英30.0 t/hm~2时最高。与常规化肥相比,紫云英与化肥配施可提高氮、钾肥回收利用率、农学效率和偏生产力。与CK相比,各施肥处理均不同程度地提高土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量。紫云英翻压量为22.5～30.0 t/hm~2时,土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷含量均显著高于常规化肥处理(P0.05)。因此,在本试验施用60%化肥条件下长期翻压紫云英有利于促进水稻增产及水稻氮、磷、钾素的吸收,提高双季稻氮、磷、钾养分利用效率及土壤肥力。  相似文献   

Shikonin reverses HGF-induced resistance to gefitinib in lung cancer cells HCC827     

LU Jing  CHEN Zi-long  MIN Zhen  WEI Yan-ming  ZHAO Li  L&#  Qian  XIONG Shan 《园艺学报》2019,35(1):62-67

AIM: To investigate the effect of shikonin on reversing hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)-induced resistance to gefitinib in lung cancer HCC827 cells, and to explore its possible mechanisms.METHODS: The gefitinib-resistant HCC827 cells induced by HGF were treated with shikonin and gefitinibthe alone or in combination. The inhibition rates of cell viability were determined by MTT assay. The invasive ability of HCC827 cells with HGF-induced resistance to gefitinib was determined by Transwell assay. The protein levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and related signaling pathway in the HCC827 cells were detected by Western blot.RESULTS: The results of MTT assay showed that the cell activity of HCC827 cells was significantly inhibited by shikonin in a dose dependent manner. The IC₅₀ of shikonin in HCC827 cells was 3.06 μmol/L. And the IC₅₀ of gefitinib in HCC827 cells was 0.51 μmol/L. Under the condition of combined treatment with shikonin and gefitinib in the presence of HGF (20 μg/L), the IC₅₀ of gefitinib was 7.36 μmol/L, significantly lower than that treated with gefitinib alone (P<0.01), so did the result of the cell migration (P<0.01). HGF induced EMT, while shikonin reversed this effect. The protein expression level of p-AKT was significantly up-regulated by HGF, while markedly down-regulated treatment with shikonin and gefitinib compared with gefitinib alone (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Shikonin reverses HGF-induced resistance to gefitinib in lung cancer HCC827 cells, and the mechanism may be likely related to the preventon of EMT and the inhibition of HGF-induced activation of p-AKT signaling pathway.  相似文献   

Evaluation of abomasal outflow diversion as an experimental model of hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis in lactating cows.          下载免费PDF全文

J L Ward  D F Smith  S L Fubini    D M Deuel-Aromando 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1994,58(1):13-19

Four adult, lactating dairy cows were subjected to diversion (loss) of gastric contents through a T-shaped cannula placed in the cranial part of the duodenum just distal to the pylorus. Diversion was continued for 10 to 12 hours, at which point the cows were very weak and depressed. The volume of effluent during this period ranged from 37.3 to 46.8 L, with the largest volume being produced during the first four hours. All cows became dehydrated, with mean packed cell volume and total plasma protein concentration increasing 30% and 19.6%, respectively, but with only a slight increase in plasma creatinine concentration. Plasma Cl- concentrations decreased from a mean of 97.3 mEq/L at the beginning of diversion to a mean of 87.2 mEq/L at eight hours. This was followed by a plateau or slight increase in concentrations over the final hours of diversion. Plasma K+ concentration followed a similar pattern, decreasing from a mean of 3.9 mEq/L to a mean of 2.94 mEq/L at six hours, followed by increasing values until termination of diversion. No changes in plasma Na+ concentration were noted, except for a mild decrease in one cow. Plasma calcium concentrations decreased significantly, reaching 6.6 +/- 0.6 mEq/L at the end of diversion. Venous pH, plasma HCO3- concentration, and plasma base excess concentration increased during the first four to eight hours of diversion, followed by a gradual decline. Although a mild hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis resulted from diversion of abomasal outflow in all cows, substantiated by a mild increase in plasma strong ion difference, the changes observed were not as great as expected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

树木挥发物对植食性昆虫的诱导抗性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陆群  张玉凤 《内蒙古林业科技》2001,(2):32-34,43

树木挥发物质对植食性昆虫取食，产卵所产生的诱导抗性是树木与昆虫的长期协同进化过程中的必然结果，树木与植食性昆虫之间发展了一套互相调节，自身开拓资源，产生生存对策的复杂相互关系，本文着重阐明了树木与植食性昆虫的互相策略，诱导抗性的生物化学基础以及诱导抗性在调节植食性昆虫种群中的重要性。  相似文献   

阔叶树种的研究现状与江西研究的发展方向   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

黎建军  冯绍龙  刘鲁平  史小刚  罗坤水  李闪金 《江西林业科技》2001,(4):35-38

通过对阔叶树种在我国及江西省的研究状况的论述，初步总结了阔叶树种的研究水平及研究方向，指出了江西省阔叶树种研究存在的问题，探讨了江西省今后阔叶树种研究的方向。  相似文献   

Trends in mortality ratios among cattle in US feedlots.     

G H Loneragan  D A Dargatz  P S Morley  M A Smith 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2001,219(8):1122-1127

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate trends in feedlot cattle mortality ratios over time, by primary body system affected, and by type of animal. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. ANIMALS: Approximately 21.8 million cattle entering 121 feedlots in the United States during 1994 through 1999. PROCEDURES: Yearly and monthly mortality ratios were calculated. Numbers of deaths were modeled by use of Poisson regression methods for repeated measures. Relative risks of death over time and by animal type were estimated. RESULTS: Averaged over time, the mortality ratio was 12.6 deaths/1,000 cattle entering the feedlots. The mortality ratio increased from 10.3 deaths/1,000 cattle in 1994 to 14.2 deaths/1,000 cattle in 1999, but this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.09). Cattle entering the feedlots during 1999 had a significantly increased risk (relative risk, 1.46) of dying of respiratory tract disorders, compared with cattle that entered during 1994, and respiratory tract disorders accounted for 57.1% of all deaths. Dairy cattle had a significantly increased risk of death of any cause, compared with beef steers. Beef heifers had a significantly increased risk of dying of respiratory tract disorders, compared with beef steers. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggested that although overall yearly mortality ratio did not significantly increase during the study, the risk of death attributable to respiratory tract disorders was increased during most years, compared with risk of death during 1994. The increased rates of fatal respiratory tract disorders may also reflect increased rates of non-fatal respiratory tract disorders, which would be expected to have adverse production effects in surviving animals.  相似文献   

An evaluation of the Olsen test as a measure of plant-available phosphorus in grassland soils derived from basalt parent material     

A.A.W. Bell  J.S. Bailey  R.V. Smith 《Soil Use and Management》2005,21(3):322-329

Abstract. Anecdotal and circumstantial evidence have suggested that the Olsen test underestimates plant-available phosphorus (P) in basaltic soils in Northern Ireland. Therefore, the ability of this test to predict plant-available P in basaltic (and non-basaltic) soils was investigated by regressing Olsen-P data against herbage P indices calculated from plant tissue test data using the diagnosis and recommendation integrated system. The average Olsen-P concentration for a range of fields situated on basaltic soils was considerably lower than the average Olsen-P concentration for a range of fields situated on non-basaltic soils, and yet mean sward P status, as given by the herbage P indices, was similar for both groups of fields. Herbage P indices were also much better correlated with Olsen-P measurements in non-basaltic soils than in basaltic soils. Furthermore, at low Olsen-P values (≶9mgPL⁻¹) some swards on basaltic soils were genuinely deficient in P, while others were sufficient or even in surplus for this nutrient. The results confirm that Olsen-P is inadequate as a predictor of plant-available P in basaltic soils. It is concluded that an alternative soil test is needed to provide a reliable assessment of plant-available P in basaltic soils, to prevent overuse of fertilizer and manure P and to minimize the amounts of P entering local watercourses.  相似文献   

AN EARTHWORK DISCOVERED IN MICHIGAN     

Smith HI 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1901,13(338):991-992

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高校公寓文化建设的几点思考   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

唐静  丁立群  鲁凤宇 《辽宁农业职业技术学院学报》2004,6(1):56-57

从校园文化、学风建设、素质教育、思想教育等方面，阐述公寓文化的作用和意义，提出理顺管理机制、发挥学生主体作用、加强制度建设，开展公寓文化活动等几点建议。  相似文献